The Far Above All Translation of the Old Testament / Tanakh

Job, Proverbs

Version 0.33.105, 15 February 2024

Summary

We offer a freely copyable translation of the Old Testament / Tanakh based on the Masoretic Text. The translation follows the Masoretic Text, ketiv or qeré (which will be indicated), and vowels (but we retain freedom regarding word grouping), except that the changes made by the Sopherim are reversed (see Companion Bible Appendices 32 and 33). Textual and explanatory remarks may be made in the notes. Our translation may be freely copied (see copyright notices below).

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Introduction

Please see the separate Introduction to this Hebrew / Aramaic text and translation.

VERSE HEBREW/ARAMAIC ENGLISH NOTES
Job 1:1 ‫אִ֛ישׁ הָיָ֥ה בְאֶֽרֶץ־ע֖וּץ אִיּ֣וֹב שְׁמ֑וֹ וְהָיָ֣ה ׀ הָאִ֣ישׁ הַה֗וּא תָּ֧ם וְיָשָׁ֛ר וִירֵ֥א אֱלֹהִ֖ים וְסָ֥ר מֵרָֽע׃‬ There was a man in the land of Uz, whose name was Job. And that man was integrous and upright, who feared God and departed from evil. We have adopted some interpretation from [CB]'s metrical version in this book.

integrous: the cognate noun integrity (תֻּמָּה) occurs in Job 2:3.
Job 1:2 ‫וַיִּוָּ֥לְדוּ ל֛וֹ שִׁבְעָ֥ה בָנִ֖ים וְשָׁל֥וֹשׁ בָּנֽוֹת׃‬ And there were born to him seven sons and three daughters.
Job 1:3 ‫וַיְהִ֣י מִ֠קְנֵהוּ שִֽׁבְעַ֨ת אַלְפֵי־צֹ֜אן וּשְׁלֹ֧שֶׁת אַלְפֵ֣י גְמַלִּ֗ים וַחֲמֵ֨שׁ מֵא֤וֹת צֶֽמֶד־בָּקָר֙ וַחֲמֵ֣שׁ מֵא֣וֹת אֲתוֹנ֔וֹת וַעֲבֻדָּ֖ה רַבָּ֣ה מְאֹ֑ד וַיְהִי֙ הָאִ֣ישׁ הַה֔וּא גָּד֖וֹל מִכָּל־בְּנֵי־קֶֽדֶם׃‬ And his possessions consisted of seven thousand sheep and three thousand camels, and five hundred yoke of oxen, and five hundred she-asses, and he had a very great body of servants. And this man was greater than all other men of the east. possessions consisted of ← possession (or livestock) was.

yoke: i.e. pairs for ploughing.
Job 1:4 ‫וְהָלְכ֤וּ בָנָיו֙ וְעָשׂ֣וּ מִשְׁתֶּ֔ה בֵּ֖ית אִ֣ישׁ יוֹמ֑וֹ וְשָׁלְח֗וּ וְקָרְאוּ֙ לִשְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת *אחיתיהם **אַחְיֽוֹתֵיהֶ֔ם לֶאֱכֹ֥ל וְלִשְׁתּ֖וֹת עִמָּהֶֽם׃‬ And his sons organized a feast at home, each on his own day, and they sent messengers and invited their three sisters to come and eat and drink with them. sisters: the ketiv can be regarded as a scriptio defectiva spelling of the qeré.

organized ← went and made.
Job 1:5 ‫וַיְהִ֡י כִּ֣י הִקִּיפֽוּ֩ יְמֵ֨י הַמִּשְׁתֶּ֜ה וַיִּשְׁלַ֧ח אִיּ֣וֹב וַֽיְקַדְּשֵׁ֗ם וְהִשְׁכִּ֣ים בַּבֹּקֶר֮ וְהֶעֱלָ֣ה עֹלוֹת֮ מִסְפַּ֣ר כֻּלָּם֒ כִּ֚י אָמַ֣ר אִיּ֔וֹב אוּלַי֙ חָטְא֣וּ בָנַ֔י וּבֵרֲכ֥וּ אֱלֹהִ֖ים בִּלְבָבָ֑ם כָּ֛כָה יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה אִיּ֖וֹב כָּל־הַיָּמִֽים׃ פ‬ And it came to pass, when the days of the feast came round, that Job sent instructions and sanctified them, and he rose early in the morning and offered burnt offerings according to the number of all of them, for Job said, “Perhaps my sons have sinned and {P: cursed} [M: blessed] God in their heart.” Job did this every day. An amendment by the Sopherim. We reverse the change. See [CB] App. 33. P= וְקִלְלוּ. Here, AV reads the primitive text.

sanctified them: i.e. sanctified the invitees.

this every day ← thus all the days.
Job 1:6 ‫וַיְהִ֣י הַיּ֔וֹם וַיָּבֹ֙אוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים לְהִתְיַצֵּ֖ב עַל־יְהוָ֑ה וַיָּב֥וֹא גַֽם־הַשָּׂטָ֖ן בְּתוֹכָֽם׃‬ Now the day came when the sons of God came to stand before the Lord, and Satan also came among them. the day came ← the day was, became, but also came.

sons of God: i.e. angels, as in Gen 6:2.

Satan ← the Satan. For his identity, see Rev 12:9.
Job 1:7 ‫וַיֹּ֧אמֶר יְהוָ֛ה אֶל־הַשָּׂטָ֖ן מֵאַ֣יִן תָּבֹ֑א וַיַּ֨עַן הַשָּׂטָ֤ן אֶת־יְהוָה֙ וַיֹּאמַ֔ר מִשּׁ֣וּט בָּאָ֔רֶץ וּמֵֽהִתְהַלֵּ֖ךְ בָּֽהּ׃‬ And the Lord said to Satan, “Where have you come from?” And Satan answered the Lord and said, “From going to and fro on the earth, and from walking up and down on it.”
Job 1:8 ‫וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־הַשָּׂטָ֔ן הֲשַׂ֥מְתָּ לִבְּךָ֖ עַל־עַבְדִּ֣י אִיּ֑וֹב כִּ֣י אֵ֤ין כָּמֹ֙הוּ֙ בָּאָ֔רֶץ אִ֣ישׁ תָּ֧ם וְיָשָׁ֛ר יְרֵ֥א אֱלֹהִ֖ים וְסָ֥ר מֵרָֽע׃‬ And the Lord said to Satan, “Have you considered my servant Job, for there is no-one like him on the earth – an integrous and upright man fearing God and departing from evil.” considered ← set your heart on.
Job 1:9 ‫וַיַּ֧עַן הַשָּׂטָ֛ן אֶת־יְהוָ֖ה וַיֹּאמַ֑ר הַֽחִנָּ֔ם יָרֵ֥א אִיּ֖וֹב אֱלֹהִֽים׃‬ Then Satan answered the Lord and said, “Is it for nothing that Job fears God?
Job 1:10 ‫הֲלֹֽא־*את **אַ֠תָּה שַׂ֣כְתָּ בַעֲד֧וֹ וּבְעַד־בֵּית֛וֹ וּבְעַ֥ד כָּל־אֲשֶׁר־ל֖וֹ מִסָּבִ֑יב מַעֲשֵׂ֤ה יָדָיו֙ בֵּרַ֔כְתָּ וּמִקְנֵ֖הוּ פָּרַ֥ץ בָּאָֽרֶץ׃‬ Have you not hedged him in with his household, and everything he has, all around? You have blessed the work of his hands, and his possessions have increased in the land. you: the qeré is masculine. The ketiv could to be regarded as an apocopated equivalent to the qeré, or an Aramaism; as standard Hebrew, it is feminine.

increased ← broken out.
Job 1:11 ‫וְאוּלָם֙ שְֽׁלַֽח־נָ֣א יָֽדְךָ֔ וְגַ֖ע בְּכָל־אֲשֶׁר־ל֑וֹ אִם־לֹ֥א עַל־פָּנֶ֖יךָ יְבָרֲכֶֽךָּ׃‬ But now, just put out your hand and strike everything he has, and he will certainly {P: curse} [M: bless] you to your face.” An amendment by the Sopherim. We reverse the change. See [CB] App. 33. P= יְקַלְלֶךָּ. Here, AV reads the primitive text.

he will certainly: asseveration using an abbreviation of the oath formula of 2 Sam 19:14 (2 Sam 19:13AV).
Job 1:12 ‫וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־הַשָּׂטָ֗ן הִנֵּ֤ה כָל־אֲשֶׁר־לוֹ֙ בְּיָדֶ֔ךָ רַ֣ק אֵלָ֔יו אַל־תִּשְׁלַ֖ח יָדֶ֑ךָ וַיֵּצֵא֙ הַשָּׂטָ֔ן מֵעִ֖ם פְּנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃‬ Then the Lord said to Satan, “Behold, everything he has is in your hand, only do not put your hand out to him.” And Satan went out from the presence of the Lord.
Job 1:13 ‫וַיְהִ֖י הַיּ֑וֹם וּבָנָ֨יו וּבְנֹתָ֤יו אֹֽכְלִים֙ וְשֹׁתִ֣ים יַ֔יִן בְּבֵ֖ית אֲחִיהֶ֥ם הַבְּכֽוֹר׃‬ And the day came, while his sons and his daughters were eating and drinking wine at the house of their firstborn brother, came ← was, became, but also came.
Job 1:14 ‫וּמַלְאָ֛ךְ בָּ֥א אֶל־אִיּ֖וֹב וַיֹּאמַ֑ר הַבָּקָר֙ הָי֣וּ חֹֽרְשׁ֔וֹת וְהָאֲתֹנ֖וֹת רֹע֥וֹת עַל־יְדֵיהֶֽם׃‬ when a messenger came to Job, who said, “The oxen were ploughing, and the she-asses were feeding next to them,
Job 1:15 ‫וַתִּפֹּ֤ל שְׁבָא֙ וַתִּקָּחֵ֔ם וְאֶת־הַנְּעָרִ֖ים הִכּ֣וּ לְפִי־חָ֑רֶב וָֽאִמָּ֨לְטָ֧ה רַק־אֲנִ֛י לְבַדִּ֖י לְהַגִּ֥יד לָֽךְ׃‬ when the Sabaeans attacked them and took them and struck the servant-lads with the blade of the sword, and only I escaped to tell you.” attacked ← fell on.

servant-lads ← lads, but in effect, servants.

only ← only ... on my own, a pleonasm which jars in English.
Job 1:16 ‫ע֣וֹד ׀ זֶ֣ה מְדַבֵּ֗ר וְזֶה֮ בָּ֣א וַיֹּאמַר֒ אֵ֣שׁ אֱלֹהִ֗ים נָֽפְלָה֙ מִן־הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וַתִּבְעַ֥ר בַּצֹּ֛אן וּבַנְּעָרִ֖ים וַתֹּאכְלֵ֑ם וָאִמָּ֨לְטָ֧ה רַק־אֲנִ֛י לְבַדִּ֖י לְהַגִּ֥יד לָֽךְ׃‬ While this man was still speaking, another came and said, “A very great fire fell from heaven and burned up the sheep and the servant-lads, and it consumed them, and only I escaped to tell you.” a very great fire: an idiom using Elohim, God, for an extreme quality. Compare Gen 23:6, Gen 30:8, Ex 9:28, Song 8:6, Jonah 3:3. In the NT similarly at Acts 7:20, 2 Cor 10:4, 2 Cor 11:2.

servant-lads: see Job 1:15.

only: see Job 1:15.
Job 1:17 ‫ע֣וֹד ׀ זֶ֣ה מְדַבֵּ֗ר וְזֶה֮ בָּ֣א וַיֹּאמַר֒ כַּשְׂדִּ֞ים שָׂ֣מוּ ׀ שְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה רָאשִׁ֗ים וַֽיִּפְשְׁט֤וּ עַל־הַגְּמַלִּים֙ וַיִּקָּח֔וּם וְאֶת־הַנְּעָרִ֖ים הִכּ֣וּ לְפִי־חָ֑רֶב וָאִמָּ֨לְטָ֧ה רַק־אֲנִ֛י לְבַדִּ֖י לְהַגִּ֥יד לָֽךְ׃‬ While this man was still speaking, another came and said, “The Chaldeans formed three contingents, and they raided the camels and took them, and they struck the servant-lads with the blade of the sword, and only I escaped to tell you.” formed: in a Hebrew “SVO” (subject-verb-object) sentence, the common order in English.

servant-lads: see Job 1:15.

only: see Job 1:15.
Job 1:18 ‫עַ֚ד זֶ֣ה מְדַבֵּ֔ר וְזֶ֖ה בָּ֣א וַיֹּאמַ֑ר בָּנֶ֨יךָ וּבְנוֹתֶ֤יךָ אֹֽכְלִים֙ וְשֹׁתִ֣ים יַ֔יִן בְּבֵ֖ית אֲחִיהֶ֥ם הַבְּכֽוֹר׃‬ While this man was still speaking, another came and said, “Your sons and daughters were eating and drinking wine in the house of their firstborn brother,
Job 1:19 ‫וְהִנֵּה֩ ר֨וּחַ גְּדוֹלָ֜ה בָּ֣אָה ׀ מֵעֵ֣בֶר הַמִּדְבָּ֗ר וַיִּגַּע֙ בְּאַרְבַּע֙ פִּנּ֣וֹת הַבַּ֔יִת וַיִּפֹּ֥ל עַל־הַנְּעָרִ֖ים וַיָּמ֑וּתוּ וָאִמָּ֨לְטָ֧ה רַק־אֲנִ֛י לְבַדִּ֖י לְהַגִּ֥יד לָֽךְ׃‬ when a great wind came from across the desert and struck the four corners of the house, and it fell on the lads, and they died, and only I have escaped to tell you.” when ← and behold.

lads: as servant-lads in Job 1:15, 1:16, 1:17. We allow for some ambiguity as to whether Job's sons and daughter are to be included in the killing. Job's sons and ↴

only: see Job 1:15.
Job 1:20 ‫וַיָּ֤קָם אִיּוֹב֙ וַיִּקְרַ֣ע אֶת־מְעִל֔וֹ וַיָּ֖גָז אֶת־רֹאשׁ֑וֹ וַיִּפֹּ֥ל אַ֖רְצָה וַיִּשְׁתָּֽחוּ׃‬ Then Job rose and tore his coat and shaved his head, and he fell to the ground and worshipped, ↳ daughters (re-)appear in Job 42:13. See also Job 8:4 (suggests killed), Job 19:17 (suggests survival), and Job 31:8. Job 42:11 shows that Job's brothers and sisters survived.
Job 1:21 ‫וַיֹּאמֶר֩ עָרֹ֨ם *יצתי **יָצָ֜אתִי מִבֶּ֣טֶן אִמִּ֗י וְעָרֹם֙ אָשׁ֣וּב שָׁ֔מָה יְהוָ֣ה נָתַ֔ן וַיהוָ֖ה לָקָ֑ח יְהִ֛י שֵׁ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה מְבֹרָֽךְ׃‬ and he said,

“Naked I came out of my mother's womb,

And naked I will return there.

The Lord has given,

And the Lord has taken;

Blessed be the name of the Lord.”

I came out: the ketiv has to be regarded as an irregular (perhaps colloquial) equivalent to the qeré.

there: standing for to the dust.

Compare the verse to Eccl 5:14 (Eccl 5:15AV).
Job 1:22 ‫בְּכָל־זֹ֖את לֹא־חָטָ֣א אִיּ֑וֹב וְלֹא־נָתַ֥ן תִּפְלָ֖ה לֵאלֹהִֽים׃ פ‬ Despite all this, Job did not sin, and he did not charge God with foolishness. charge God with foolishness ← give foolishness to God. AV differs (charge God foolishly), which is perhaps the idiomatic meaning.
Job 2:1 ‫וַיְהִ֣י הַיּ֔וֹם וַיָּבֹ֙אוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים לְהִתְיַצֵּ֖ב עַל־יְהוָ֑ה וַיָּב֤וֹא גַֽם־הַשָּׂטָן֙ בְּתֹכָ֔ם לְהִתְיַצֵּ֖ב עַל־יְהוָֽה׃‬ And the day came when the sons of God came to stand before the Lord, and Satan came too among them to stand before the Lord. the day came: see Job 1:6.

sons of God: see Job 1:6.
Job 2:2 ‫וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־הַשָּׂטָ֔ן אֵ֥י מִזֶּ֖ה תָּבֹ֑א וַיַּ֨עַן הַשָּׂטָ֤ן אֶת־יְהוָה֙ וַיֹּאמַ֔ר מִשֻּׁ֣ט בָּאָ֔רֶץ וּמֵהִתְהַלֵּ֖ךְ בָּֽהּ׃‬ And the Lord said to Satan, “Where have you come from?” And Satan answered the Lord and said, “From going to and fro on the earth and walking up and down on it.”
Job 2:3 ‫וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־הַשָּׂטָ֗ן הֲשַׂ֣מְתָּ לִבְּךָ֮ אֶל־עַבְדִּ֣י אִיּוֹב֒ כִּי֩ אֵ֨ין כָּמֹ֜הוּ בָּאָ֗רֶץ אִ֣ישׁ תָּ֧ם וְיָשָׁ֛ר יְרֵ֥א אֱלֹהִ֖ים וְסָ֣ר מֵרָ֑ע וְעֹדֶ֙נּוּ֙ מַחֲזִ֣יק בְּתֻמָּת֔וֹ וַתְּסִיתֵ֥נִי ב֖וֹ לְבַלְּע֥וֹ חִנָּֽם׃‬ Then the Lord said to Satan, “Have you considered my servant Job, for there is no-one like him on the earth, an integrous and upright man, fearing God and departing from evil, and still maintaining his integrity? But you have moved me against him, to swallow him up for no reason.” considered: see Job 1:8.
Job 2:4 ‫וַיַּ֧עַן הַשָּׂטָ֛ן אֶת־יְהוָ֖ה וַיֹּאמַ֑ר ע֣וֹר בְּעַד־ע֗וֹר וְכֹל֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לָאִ֔ישׁ יִתֵּ֖ן בְּעַ֥ד נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃‬ At this Satan answered the Lord and said, “Skin for skin, and everything a man has, he will give for his life. at this: wider use of the vav.

life ← soul.
Job 2:5 ‫אוּלָם֙ שְֽׁלַֽח־נָ֣א יָֽדְךָ֔ וְגַ֥ע אֶל־עַצְמ֖וֹ וְאֶל־בְּשָׂר֑וֹ אִם־לֹ֥א אֶל־פָּנֶ֖יךָ יְבָרֲכֶֽךָּ׃‬ But just put out your hand and strike his bones and his flesh, and he will certainly {P: curse} [M: bless] you to your face.” An amendment by the Sopherim. We reverse the change. See [CB] App. 33. P= יְקַלְלֶךָּ or יְקַלֶּלְךָ. Here, AV reads the primitive text.

he will certainly: asseveration using an abbreviation of the oath formula of 2 Sam 19:14 (2 Sam 19:13AV).
Job 2:6 ‫וַיֹּ֧אמֶר יְהוָ֛ה אֶל־הַשָּׂטָ֖ן הִנּ֣וֹ בְיָדֶ֑ךָ אַ֖ךְ אֶת־נַפְשׁ֥וֹ שְׁמֹֽר׃‬ Then the Lord said to Satan, “Behold, he is in your hand, but guard his life.” life ← soul.
Job 2:7 ‫וַיֵּצֵא֙ הַשָּׂטָ֔ן מֵאֵ֖ת פְּנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וַיַּ֤ךְ אֶת־אִיּוֹב֙ בִּשְׁחִ֣ין רָ֔ע מִכַּ֥ף רַגְל֖וֹ *עד **וְעַ֥ד קָדְקֳדֽוֹ׃‬ And Satan went out from the presence of the Lord, and he struck Job with sore ulcers, from the sole of his foot to the crown of his head. to: the qeré is literally and to, which is not applicable in English, but frequent in Hebrew after from.
Job 2:8 ‫וַיִּֽקַּֽח־ל֣וֹ חֶ֔רֶשׂ לְהִתְגָּרֵ֖ד בּ֑וֹ וְה֖וּא יֹשֵׁ֥ב בְּתוֹךְ־הָאֵֽפֶר׃‬ And Job took an earthenware shard with which to scrape himself, and he sat in ashes. ashes ← the ashes. An unexpected definite article. See Gen 22:9.
Job 2:9 ‫וַתֹּ֤אמֶר לוֹ֙ אִשְׁתּ֔וֹ עֹדְךָ֖ מַחֲזִ֣יק בְּתֻמָּתֶ֑ךָ בָּרֵ֥ךְ אֱלֹהִ֖ים וָמֻֽת׃‬ And his wife said to him, “Do you still hold on to your integrity? {P: Curse} [M: Bless] God and die.” An amendment by the Sopherim. We reverse the change. See [CB] App. 33. P= קַלֵּל. Here, AV reads the primitive text.
Job 2:10 ‫וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלֶ֗יהָ כְּדַבֵּ֞ר אַחַ֤ת הַנְּבָלוֹת֙ תְּדַבֵּ֔רִי גַּ֣ם אֶת־הַטּ֗וֹב נְקַבֵּל֙ מֵאֵ֣ת הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים וְאֶת־הָרָ֖ע לֹ֣א נְקַבֵּ֑ל בְּכָל־זֹ֛את לֹא־חָטָ֥א אִיּ֖וֹב בִּשְׂפָתָֽיו׃ פ‬ And he said to her, “You are talking the way one of the irreverent women would. Shall we receive good from God, and not also receive evil?” Despite all this, Job did not sin with his lips. the way one of the irreverent women would ← like the speaking of one of the irreverent (women).
Job 2:11 ‫וַֽיִּשְׁמְע֞וּ שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת ׀ רֵעֵ֣י אִיּ֗וֹב אֵ֣ת כָּל־הָרָעָ֣ה הַזֹּאת֮ הַבָּ֣אָה עָלָיו֒ וַיָּבֹ֙אוּ֙ אִ֣ישׁ מִמְּקֹמ֔וֹ אֱלִיפַ֤ז הַתֵּימָנִי֙ וּבִלְדַּ֣ד הַשּׁוּחִ֔י וְצוֹפַ֖ר הַנַּֽעֲמָתִ֑י וַיִּוָּעֲד֣וּ יַחְדָּ֔ו לָב֥וֹא לָנֽוּד־ל֖וֹ וּֽלְנַחֲמֽוֹ׃‬ Then when three of Job's friends heard of all this evil that had come upon him, they came, each one from his place: Eliphaz the Temanite, and Bildad the Shuhite, and Zophar the Naamathite. And they agreed together to go and console him and comfort him.
Job 2:12 ‫וַיִּשְׂא֨וּ אֶת־עֵינֵיהֶ֤ם מֵרָחוֹק֙ וְלֹ֣א הִכִּירֻ֔הוּ וַיִּשְׂא֥וּ קוֹלָ֖ם וַיִּבְכּ֑וּ וַֽיִּקְרְעוּ֙ אִ֣ישׁ מְעִל֔וֹ וַיִּזְרְק֥וּ עָפָ֛ר עַל־רָאשֵׁיהֶ֖ם הַשָּׁמָֽיְמָה׃‬ And they lifted up their eyes from a distance, and they did not recognize him, and they raised their voices and wept, and each one tore his coat, and they sprinkled dust on their heads, throwing it towards the sky.
Job 2:13 ‫וַיֵּשְׁב֤וּ אִתּוֹ֙ לָאָ֔רֶץ שִׁבְעַ֥ת יָמִ֖ים וְשִׁבְעַ֣ת לֵיל֑וֹת וְאֵין־דֹּבֵ֤ר אֵלָיו֙ דָּבָ֔ר כִּ֣י רָא֔וּ כִּֽי־גָדַ֥ל הַכְּאֵ֖ב מְאֹֽד׃‬ And they sat with him on the ground for seven days and seven nights, and no-one said anything to him, for they saw that his grief was very great. grief: or pain.
Job 3:1 ‫אַחֲרֵי־כֵ֗ן פָּתַ֤ח אִיּוֹב֙ אֶת־פִּ֔יהוּ וַיְקַלֵּ֖ל אֶת־יוֹמֽוֹ׃ פ‬ After this, Job opened his mouth and cursed his day.
Job 3:2 ‫וַיַּ֥עַן אִיּ֗וֹב וַיֹּאמַֽר׃‬ And Job began to speak and said, began to speak ← answered, but no question asked. See Gen 18:27.
Job 3:3 ‫יֹ֣אבַד י֭וֹם אִוָּ֣לֶד בּ֑וֹ וְהַלַּ֥יְלָה אָ֝מַ֗ר הֹ֣רָה גָֽבֶר׃‬

“May the day on which I was born perish,

And the night when it was said,

‘A man has been fathered.’

it was said ← (one) said. In this case, perhaps said in heaven.

fathered ← conceived, but here apparently spoken at birth, so covering conception and birth.

Compare the verse to Jer 20:14, Jer 20:15, Jer 20:18.
Job 3:4 ‫הַיּ֥וֹם הַה֗וּא יְֽהִ֫י חֹ֥שֶׁךְ אַֽל־יִדְרְשֵׁ֣הוּ אֱל֣וֹהַּ מִמָּ֑עַל וְאַל־תּוֹפַ֖ע עָלָ֣יו נְהָרָֽה׃‬

May that day be darkness,

May God not care for it above,

And may no light shine on it.

care for ← seek.
Job 3:5 ‫יִגְאָלֻ֡הוּ חֹ֣שֶׁךְ וְ֭צַלְמָוֶת תִּשְׁכָּן־עָלָ֣יו עֲנָנָ֑ה יְ֝בַעֲתֻ֗הוּ כִּֽמְרִ֥ירֵי יֽוֹם׃‬

May darkness and the shadow of death stain it,

May a cloud rest on it;

Let daytime darkenings overwhelm it.

let daytime darkenings overwhelm it: taking the root as כִּמְרִיר, darkness; or, taking the root word as מְרִירִי, as in Deut 32:24, let them overwhelm it in accordance with the bitterness of (that) day.
Job 3:6 ‫הַלַּ֥יְלָה הַהוּא֮ יִקָּחֵ֪ה֫וּ אֹ֥פֶל אַל־יִ֭חַדְּ בִּימֵ֣י שָׁנָ֑ה בְּמִסְפַּ֥ר יְ֝רָחִ֗ים אַל־יָבֹֽא׃‬

May gloom take that night,

May it not be included in the days of the year;

May it not enter into the number of the months.

be included: the parallelism in the verse militates for taking יִחַדְּ as qal future of יָחַד, be united. [AnLx] parses as qal future of חָדָה, rejoice.
Job 3:7 ‫הִנֵּ֤ה הַלַּ֣יְלָה הַ֭הוּא יְהִ֣י גַלְמ֑וּד אַל־תָּבֹ֖א רְנָנָ֣ה בֽוֹ׃‬

Behold, may that night be barren;

May no rejoicing enter into it.

Job 3:8 ‫יִקְּבֻ֥הוּ אֹרְרֵי־י֑וֹם הָ֝עֲתִידִ֗ים עֹרֵ֥ר לִוְיָתָֽן׃‬

May those who curse a day denounce it

– Those who are prepared to arouse Leviathan.

Leviathan: AV differs (their mourning). See Job 40:25 (Job 41:1AV).
Job 3:9 ‫יֶחְשְׁכוּ֮ כּוֹכְבֵ֪י נִ֫שְׁפּ֥וֹ יְקַו־לְא֥וֹר וָאַ֑יִן וְאַל־יִ֝רְאֶ֗ה בְּעַפְעַפֵּי־שָֽׁחַר׃‬

May its twilight stars be darkened;

May it wait for light and there not be any,

And may it not see the aura of dawn.

aura ← eyelids.
Job 3:10 ‫כִּ֤י לֹ֣א סָ֭גַר דַּלְתֵ֣י בִטְנִ֑י וַיַּסְתֵּ֥ר עָ֝מָ֗ל מֵעֵינָֽי׃‬

For it did not shut the gates of my mother's womb,

Nor did it hide sorrow from my eyes.

nor: negatory use of the vav, as in Deut 33:6.
Job 3:11 ‫לָ֤מָּה לֹּ֣א מֵרֶ֣חֶם אָמ֑וּת מִבֶּ֖טֶן יָצָ֣אתִי וְאֶגְוָֽע׃‬

Why did I not die in the womb?

Why did I not come out of the belly and expire?

in the womb ← from (the time of) the womb.
Job 3:12 ‫מַ֭דּוּעַ קִדְּמ֣וּנִי בִרְכָּ֑יִם וּמַה־שָּׁ֝דַ֗יִם כִּ֣י אִינָֽק׃‬

Why did knees prepare for me?

And why were there breasts for me to suck?

knees: [CB], of the mother; but perhaps of the midwife.

prepare for ← precede; meet.
Job 3:13 ‫כִּֽי־עַ֭תָּה שָׁכַ֣בְתִּי וְאֶשְׁק֑וֹט יָ֝שַׁ֗נְתִּי אָ֤ז ׀ יָנ֬וּחַֽ לִֽי׃‬

For then I would now be lying down and be undisturbed;

For then I would be asleep and at rest,

Job 3:14 ‫עִם־מְ֭לָכִים וְיֹ֣עֲצֵי אָ֑רֶץ הַבֹּנִ֖ים חֳרָב֣וֹת לָֽמוֹ׃‬

With kings and counsellors of the earth

Who built monuments now ruins for themselves,

Job 3:15 ‫א֣וֹ עִם־שָׂ֭רִים זָהָ֣ב לָהֶ֑ם הַֽמְמַלְאִ֖ים בָּתֵּיהֶ֣ם כָּֽסֶף׃‬

Or with princes who had gold,

Who filled their houses with silver,

Job 3:16 ‫א֤וֹ כְנֵ֣פֶל טָ֭מוּן לֹ֣א אֶהְיֶ֑ה כְּ֝עֹלְלִ֗ים לֹא־רָ֥אוּ אֽוֹר׃‬

Or as a miscarriage that needs to be buried,

So that I would not now exist,

Like infants who never saw light.

buried: or hidden.
Job 3:17 ‫שָׁ֣ם רְ֭שָׁעִים חָ֣דְלוּ רֹ֑גֶז וְשָׁ֥ם יָ֝נ֗וּחוּ יְגִ֣יעֵי כֹֽחַ׃‬

There, the wicked cease raging,

And there, those wearied by effort find rest,

effort: strength.
Job 3:18 ‫יַ֭חַד אֲסִירִ֣ים שַׁאֲנָ֑נוּ לֹ֥א שָׁ֝מְע֗וּ ק֣וֹל נֹגֵֽשׂ׃‬

Together with prisoners who are at ease;

They do not hear the voice of the taskmaster.

Job 3:19 ‫קָטֹ֣ן וְ֭גָדוֹל שָׁ֣ם ה֑וּא וְ֝עֶ֗בֶד חָפְשִׁ֥י מֵאֲדֹנָֽיו׃‬

Whether small or great, there he is,

And the servant, free from his master.

master ← masters / lords, a plural of excellence.
Job 3:20 ‫לָ֤מָּה יִתֵּ֣ן לְעָמֵ֣ל א֑וֹר וְ֝חַיִּ֗ים לְמָ֣רֵי נָֽפֶשׁ׃‬

Why does he give light to the wretched,

And life to those who are melancholic?

melancholic ← bitter of soul.
Job 3:21 ‫הַֽמְחַכִּ֣ים לַמָּ֣וֶת וְאֵינֶ֑נּוּ וַֽ֝יַּחְפְּרֻ֗הוּ מִמַּטְמוֹנִֽים׃‬

– Who are waiting for death

But it does not come?

Who search for it more earnestly than for hidden treasures?

who ← they.

search: the word primarily means dig.
Job 3:22 ‫הַשְּׂמֵחִ֥ים אֱלֵי־גִ֑יל יָ֝שִׂ֗ישׂוּ כִּ֣י יִמְצְאוּ־קָֽבֶר׃‬

– Who are happy, exultant even,

As they rejoice when they find the grave?

exultant even ← to (the extent of) exultation.
Job 3:23 ‫לְ֭גֶבֶר אֲשֶׁר־דַּרְכּ֣וֹ נִסְתָּ֑רָה וַיָּ֖סֶךְ אֱל֣וֹהַּ בַּעֲדֽוֹ׃‬

Why does he give light to a man whose way is hidden,

Around whom God has put a hedge?

Job 3:24 ‫כִּֽי־לִפְנֵ֣י לַ֭חְמִי אַנְחָתִ֣י תָבֹ֑א וַֽיִּתְּכ֥וּ כַ֝מַּ֗יִם שַׁאֲגֹתָֽי׃‬

For my sighing comes to the forefront more than my bread,

And my groaning is uttered voluminously.

groaning: or roaring.

uttered voluminously ← poured out like water, a metaphor that is less successful in English.
Job 3:25 ‫כִּ֤י פַ֣חַד פָּ֭חַדְתִּי וַיֶּאֱתָיֵ֑נִי וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר יָ֝גֹ֗רְתִּי יָ֣בֹא לִֽי׃‬

For the thing which I greatly feared has befallen me,

And that which I was afraid of has come upon me.

Job 3:26 ‫לֹ֤א שָׁלַ֨וְתִּי ׀ וְלֹ֖א שָׁקַ֥טְתִּי וְֽלֹא־נָ֗חְתִּי וַיָּ֥בֹא רֹֽגֶז׃ פ‬

I am not in comfort

And not in quietude

And not at rest,

For trouble has come.”

for: causal use of the vav.
Job 4:1 ‫וַ֭יַּעַן אֱלִיפַ֥ז הַֽתֵּימָנִ֗י וַיֹּאמַֽר׃‬ Then Eliphaz the Temanite answered and said,
Job 4:2 ‫הֲנִסָּ֬ה דָבָ֣ר אֵלֶ֣יךָ תִּלְאֶ֑ה וַעְצֹ֥ר בְּ֝מִלִּ֗ין מִ֣י יוּכָֽל׃‬

“If we offer you some words,

Will you take offence?

For to withhold words

– Who can do it?

we offer ← one attempts.

take offence ← be impatient / weary.

words: in an Aramaic form.
Job 4:3 ‫הִ֭נֵּה יִסַּ֣רְתָּ רַבִּ֑ים וְיָדַ֖יִם רָפ֣וֹת תְּחַזֵּֽק׃‬

Look, you have instructed many

And strengthened weak hands.

and strengthened weak hands: (with the next verse) compare Isa 35:3.
Job 4:4 ‫כּ֭וֹשֵׁל יְקִימ֣וּן מִלֶּ֑יךָ וּבִרְכַּ֖יִם כֹּרְע֣וֹת תְּאַמֵּֽץ׃‬

Your words have lifted up him who was stumbling,

And you have strengthened failing knees.

and you have strengthened failing knees: (with the previous verse) compare Isa 35:3.

failing ← sinking.
Job 4:5 ‫כִּ֤י עַתָּ֨ה ׀ תָּב֣וֹא אֵלֶ֣יךָ וַתֵּ֑לֶא תִּגַּ֥ע עָ֝דֶ֗יךָ וַתִּבָּהֵֽל׃‬

But now it has come upon you,

And you take offence;

It has touched you,

And you are agitated.

touched you ← touched up to you.
Job 4:6 ‫הֲלֹ֣א יִ֭רְאָתְךָ כִּסְלָתֶ֑ךָ תִּ֝קְוָתְךָ֗ וְתֹ֣ם דְּרָכֶֽיךָ׃‬

Is not your godly fear your confidence?

And is not the integrity of your ways your hope?

Job 4:7 ‫זְכָר־נָ֗א מִ֤י ה֣וּא נָקִ֣י אָבָ֑ד וְ֝אֵיפֹ֗ה יְשָׁרִ֥ים נִכְחָֽדוּ׃‬

Remember, please, who being innocent ever perished?

And where were the innocent ever annihilated?

Job 4:8 ‫כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר רָ֭אִיתִי חֹ֣רְשֵׁי אָ֑וֶן וְזֹרְעֵ֖י עָמָ֣ל יִקְצְרֻֽהוּ׃‬

According to what I have seen,

Those who plough falsehood and sow iniquity

Reap it again.

Compare the verse with Hos 10:13.
Job 4:9 ‫מִנִּשְׁמַ֣ת אֱל֣וֹהַ יֹאבֵ֑דוּ וּמֵר֖וּחַ אַפּ֣וֹ יִכְלֽוּ׃‬

By the breath of God they perish,

And by the blast of his nostrils they are destroyed.

nostrils ← nostril, nose, or anger.
Job 4:10 ‫שַׁאֲגַ֣ת אַ֭רְיֵה וְק֣וֹל שָׁ֑חַל וְשִׁנֵּ֖י כְפִירִ֣ים נִתָּֽעוּ׃‬

The roaring of the lion

And the sound of the fierce lion

And the teeth of the young lions

Are knocked out.

Job 4:11 ‫לַ֭יִשׁ אֹבֵ֣ד מִבְּלִי־טָ֑רֶף וּבְנֵ֥י לָ֝בִ֗יא יִתְפָּרָֽדוּ׃‬

The old lion perishes for want of prey,

And the whelps of the strong lion are scattered.

Job 4:12 ‫וְ֭אֵלַי דָּבָ֣ר יְגֻנָּ֑ב וַתִּקַּ֥ח אָ֝זְנִ֗י שֵׁ֣מֶץ מֶֽנְהֽוּ׃‬

And a word has come furtively to me,

And my ear has picked up a whisper of it,

picked up ← received.
Job 4:13 ‫בִּ֭שְׂעִפִּים מֵחֶזְיֹנ֣וֹת לָ֑יְלָה בִּנְפֹ֥ל תַּ֝רְדֵּמָ֗ה עַל־אֲנָשִֽׁים׃‬

In the thoughts from the visions of the night,

When slumber falls on men.

Job 4:14 ‫פַּ֣חַד קְ֭רָאַנִי וּרְעָדָ֑ה וְרֹ֖ב עַצְמוֹתַ֣י הִפְחִֽיד׃‬

Dread came upon me, and trembling,

And filled the bulk of my bones with foreboding.

dread ... foreboding ← dread ... dread. Otiose, but see Gen 12:5.
Job 4:15 ‫וְ֭רוּחַ עַל־פָּנַ֣י יַחֲלֹ֑ף תְּ֝סַמֵּ֗ר שַֽׂעֲרַ֥ת בְּשָׂרִֽי׃‬

And a spirit passed by my face,

And the hair on my flesh bristled up.

spirit: or wind.

passed by: or rushed upon, assailed.
Job 4:16 ‫יַעֲמֹ֤ד ׀ וְֽלֹא־אַכִּ֬יר מַרְאֵ֗הוּ תְּ֭מוּנָה לְנֶ֣גֶד עֵינָ֑י דְּמָמָ֖ה וָק֣וֹל אֶשְׁמָֽע׃‬

It stood still,

But I could not recognize its appearance;

It was an image before my eyes.

There was silence,

Then I heard a voice, which said,

Job 4:17 ‫הַֽ֭אֱנוֹשׁ מֵאֱל֣וֹהַ יִצְדָּ֑ק אִ֥ם מֵ֝עֹשֵׂ֗הוּ יִטְהַר־גָּֽבֶר׃‬

Can man be more righteous than God?

Or can a man be more pure than his maker?’

Job 4:18 ‫הֵ֣ן בַּ֭עֲבָדָיו לֹ֣א יַאֲמִ֑ין וּ֝בְמַלְאָכָ֗יו יָשִׂ֥ים תָּהֳלָֽה׃‬

Behold, he does not put trust in his servants,

And he charges his angels with folly.

Job 4:19 ‫אַ֤ף ׀ שֹׁכְנֵ֬י בָֽתֵּי־חֹ֗מֶר אֲשֶׁר־בֶּעָפָ֥ר יְסוֹדָ֑ם יְ֝דַכְּא֗וּם לִפְנֵי־עָֽשׁ׃‬

How much less does he trust dwellers in houses of mortar,

Whose foundation is in the dust?

They could be crushed more easily than a moth.

they could be crushed ← they (could) crush them. Avoidance of the passive.

more easily than ← before (here, in terms of easiness).
Job 4:20 ‫מִבֹּ֣קֶר לָעֶ֣רֶב יֻכַּ֑תּוּ מִבְּלִ֥י מֵ֝שִׂ֗ים לָנֶ֥צַח יֹאבֵֽדוּ׃‬

From morning to evening they could be pounded

Without anyone ever caring

That they had perished.

ever: MT AV link this word differently (perish for ever). So AV differs.

caring ← setting, i.e. paying (attention).
Job 4:21 ‫הֲלֹא־נִסַּ֣ע יִתְרָ֣ם בָּ֑ם יָ֝מ֗וּתוּ וְלֹ֣א בְחָכְמָֽה׃‬

Would their illustriousness not be removed?

They would die,

And not in wisdom.

their illustriousness ← their illustriousness in them.
Job 5:1 ‫קְֽרָא־נָ֭א הֲיֵ֣שׁ עוֹנֶ֑ךָּ וְאֶל־מִ֖י מִקְּדֹשִׁ֣ים תִּפְנֶֽה׃‬

Call now and see if there is anyone who answers you.

And to which of the holy ones will you turn?

Job 5:2 ‫כִּֽי־לֶֽ֭אֱוִיל יַהֲרָג־כָּ֑עַשׂ וּ֝פֹתֶ֗ה תָּמִ֥ית קִנְאָֽה׃‬

For wrath kills the foolish man,

And jealousy causes the simple-minded man to die.

causes ... to die: in a Hebrew “OVS” (object-verb-subject) sentence.
Job 5:3 ‫אֲ‍ֽנִי־רָ֭אִיתִי אֱוִ֣יל מַשְׁרִ֑ישׁ וָאֶקּ֖וֹב נָוֵ֣הוּ פִתְאֹֽם׃‬

I have seen the foolish taking root,

But I suddenly realized how his home would be.

realized ← pierced or marked (as [YLT]), from root נָקַב. Compare English cracked (a code). AV differs (cursed), from root קָבַב.
Job 5:4 ‫יִרְחֲק֣וּ בָנָ֣יו מִיֶּ֑שַׁע וְיִֽדַּכְּא֥וּ בַ֝שַּׁ֗עַר וְאֵ֣ין מַצִּֽיל׃‬

His sons are far from salvation

And are crushed at the gate,

And there is no-one to deliver them,

are crushed: hithpael for passive; compare Jer 4:2, Ezra 1:6, Ps 119:52.
Job 5:5 ‫אֲשֶׁ֤ר קְצִיר֨וֹ ׀ רָ֘עֵ֤ב יֹאכֵ֗ל וְאֶֽל־מִצִּנִּ֥ים יִקָּחֵ֑הוּ וְשָׁאַ֖ף צַמִּ֣ים חֵילָֽם׃‬

Whose harvest the hungry will eat,

Which they will take from among the thorns,

As destruction swallows up their wealth.

thorns: as [AnLx], and [BDB] where marked as dubious. [AnLx] cites an Arabic cognate root to lay up, suggesting here granaries.
Job 5:6 ‫כִּ֤י ׀ לֹא־יֵצֵ֣א מֵעָפָ֣ר אָ֑וֶן וּ֝מֵאֲדָמָ֗ה לֹא־יִצְמַ֥ח עָמָֽל׃‬

Although sorrow does not come out of the soil,

And wretchedness does not sprout from the ground,

soil ← dust.

wretchedness: a cognate word occurs in Job 3:20.
Job 5:7 ‫כִּֽי־אָ֭דָם לְעָמָ֣ל יוּלָּ֑ד וּבְנֵי־רֶ֝֗שֶׁף יַגְבִּ֥יהוּ עֽוּף׃‬

Yet man is born to face toil,

As surely as sparks fly upward.

fly upward ← make height to fly.
Job 5:8 ‫אוּלָ֗ם אֲ֭נִי אֶדְרֹ֣שׁ אֶל־אֵ֑ל וְאֶל־אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים אָשִׂ֥ים דִּבְרָתִֽי׃‬

But I would seek God,

And with God I would set out my case.

with God ← to God.
Job 5:9 ‫עֹשֶׂ֣ה גְ֭דֹלוֹת וְאֵ֣ין חֵ֑קֶר נִ֝פְלָא֗וֹת עַד־אֵ֥ין מִסְפָּֽר׃‬

He performs great deeds

Of which there is no searching out

Wonders of which there is no limit.

wonders of which there iswonders up to.
Job 5:10 ‫הַנֹּתֵ֣ן מָ֭טָר עַל־פְּנֵי־אָ֑רֶץ וְשֹׁ֥לֵֽחַ מַ֝יִם עַל־פְּנֵ֥י חוּצֽוֹת׃‬

He provides rain on the surface of the earth,

And he sends water onto the surface of the open places.

provides ← gives.
Job 5:11 ‫לָשׂ֣וּם שְׁפָלִ֣ים לְמָר֑וֹם וְ֝קֹדְרִ֗ים שָׂ֣גְבוּ יֶֽשַׁע׃‬

He sets the lowly on high,

So that those who mourn are exalted in salvation,

he sets ← to set.
Job 5:12 ‫מֵ֭פֵר מַחְשְׁב֣וֹת עֲרוּמִ֑ים וְֽלֹא־תַעֲשֶׂ֥ינָה יְ֝דֵיהֶ֗ם תּוּשִׁיָּֽה׃‬

Frustrating the thoughts of the crafty,

So that their hands cannot perform with competence,

Job 5:13 ‫לֹכֵ֣ד חֲכָמִ֣ים בְּעָרְמָ֑ם וַעֲצַ֖ת נִפְתָּלִ֣ים נִמְהָֽרָה׃‬

Taking the wise in their own cunning,

So that the counsel of the deceitful is forestalled.

1 Cor 3:19.

forestalled ← hastened, i.e., here, outrun.
Job 5:14 ‫יוֹמָ֥ם יְפַגְּשׁוּ־חֹ֑שֶׁךְ וְ֝כַלַּ֗יְלָה יְֽמַשְׁשׁ֥וּ בַֽצָּהֳרָֽיִם׃‬

By day they meet with darkness,

And as at night, so they grope at noon.

Compare the verse with Isa 59:10.
Job 5:15 ‫וַיֹּ֣שַׁע מֵ֭חֶרֶב מִפִּיהֶ֑ם וּמִיַּ֖ד חָזָ֣ק אֶבְיֽוֹן׃‬

But he saves the poor from the sword

– From their blade –

And from the hand of the strong,

their: a change of grammatical number (not uncommon in Hebrew).

blade: AV differs (mouth), which is also possible.
Job 5:16 ‫וַתְּהִ֣י לַדַּ֣ל תִּקְוָ֑ה וְ֝עֹלָ֗תָה קָ֣פְצָה פִּֽיהָ׃‬

So that the lowly have hope,

And injustice shuts its mouth.

so that: purposive use of the vav.
Job 5:17 ‫הִנֵּ֤ה אַשְׁרֵ֣י אֱ֭נוֹשׁ יוֹכִחֶ֣נּֽוּ אֱל֑וֹהַּ וּמוּסַ֥ר שַׁ֝דַּ֗י אַל־תִּמְאָֽס׃‬

Behold, blessed is the man whom God reproves,

So do not reject the correction of the Almighty,

do not reject the correction of the Almighty: compare Prov 3:11.
Job 5:18 ‫כִּ֤י ה֣וּא יַכְאִ֣יב וְיֶחְבָּ֑שׁ יִ֝מְחַ֗ץ *וידו **וְיָדָ֥יו תִּרְפֶּֽינָה׃‬

For he causes pain,

But he binds up again;

He bruises,

But his hands heal again.

his hands: the ketiv can be regarded as the scriptio plena spelling of the qeré; otherwise, it reads his hand, discordantly with the verb.

bruises: or dashes to pieces.

Compare the verse with Deut 32:39.
Job 5:19 ‫בְּשֵׁ֣שׁ צָ֭רוֹת יַצִּילֶ֑ךָּ וּבְשֶׁ֓בַע ׀ לֹא־יִגַּ֖ע בְּךָ֣ רָֽע׃‬

He will deliver you from six adversities,

And in seven no harm will touch you.

from six adversities ← in six adversities.
Job 5:20 ‫בְּ֭רָעָב פָּֽדְךָ֣ מִמָּ֑וֶת וּ֝בְמִלְחָמָ֗ה מִ֣ידֵי חָֽרֶב׃‬

In famine he will save you from death,

And in war, from the power of the sword.

power ← hand.
Job 5:21 ‫בְּשׁ֣וֹט לָ֭שׁוֹן תֵּחָבֵ֑א וְֽלֹא־תִירָ֥א מִ֝שֹּׁ֗ד כִּ֣י יָבֽוֹא׃‬

You will be hidden from the scourge of slander,

And you will not fear devastation

If it comes.

slander ← the tongue.
Job 5:22 ‫לְשֹׁ֣ד וּלְכָפָ֣ן תִּשְׂחָ֑ק וּֽמֵחַיַּ֥ת הָ֝אָ֗רֶץ אַל־תִּירָֽא׃‬

You will laugh at devastation and starvation,

And you will not be afraid of the beasts of the earth.

Job 5:23 ‫כִּ֤י עִם־אַבְנֵ֣י הַשָּׂדֶ֣ה בְרִיתֶ֑ךָ וְחַיַּ֥ת הַ֝שָּׂדֶ֗ה הָשְׁלְמָה־לָֽךְ׃‬

For you will have a covenant with the stones of the field,

And the wild beasts will be at peace with you.

Job 5:24 ‫וְֽ֭יָדַעְתָּ כִּי־שָׁל֣וֹם אָהֳלֶ֑ךָ וּֽפָקַדְתָּ֥ נָ֝וְךָ וְלֹ֣א תֶחֱטָֽא׃‬

And you will know that your tent is at peace,

And when you check your tent,

You will not miss anything.

miss: the same word as sin. Compare Judg 20:16 miss (a mark). AV differs (sin), which here does not fit the context.
Job 5:25 ‫וְֽ֭יָדַעְתָּ כִּי־רַ֣ב זַרְעֶ֑ךָ וְ֝צֶאֱצָאֶ֗יךָ כְּעֵ֣שֶׂב הָאָֽרֶץ׃‬

And you will know that your seed is many,

And your offspring is as the grass of the earth.

Job 5:26 ‫תָּב֣וֹא בְכֶ֣לַח אֱלֵי־קָ֑בֶר כַּעֲל֖וֹת גָּדִ֣ישׁ בְּעִתּֽוֹ׃‬

You will go to the grave in ripe old age,

Like the gathering in of a stack of corn in its season.

gathering in ← bringing up.
Job 5:27 ‫הִנֵּה־זֹ֭את חֲקַרְנ֥וּהָ כֶּֽן־הִ֑יא שְׁ֝מָעֶ֗נָּה וְאַתָּ֥ה דַֽע־לָֽךְ׃ פ‬

Behold this account;

We have searched it out

– It is so.

Hear it and know it,

For your own sake.”

Job 6:1 ‫וַיַּ֥עַן אִיּ֗וֹב וַיֹּאמַֽר׃‬ Then Job answered and said,
Job 6:2 ‫ל֗וּ שָׁק֣וֹל יִשָּׁקֵ֣ל כַּעְשִׂ֑י *והיתי **וְ֝הַוָּתִ֗י בְּֽמֹאזְנַ֥יִם יִשְׂאוּ־יָֽחַד׃‬

“If only my grief were thoroughly weighed

And my hardship were laid in the scales together with it.

hardship: the ketiv has to be regarded as an irregular equivalent to the qeré. A yod / vav issue.

thoroughly weighed: infinitive absolute.

were laid ← they laid. Avoidance of the passive.
Job 6:3 ‫כִּֽי־עַתָּ֗ה מֵח֣וֹל יַמִּ֣ים יִכְבָּ֑ד עַל־כֵּ֝֗ן דְּבָרַ֥י לָֽעוּ׃‬

For now it is heavier than the sand of the sea,

Which is why my words are wild.

wild: or rash.
Job 6:4 ‫כִּ֤י חִצֵּ֪י שַׁדַּ֡י עִמָּדִ֗י אֲשֶׁ֣ר חֲ֭מָתָם שֹׁתָ֣ה רוּחִ֑י בִּעוּתֵ֖י אֱל֣וֹהַּ יַֽעַרְכֽוּנִי׃‬

For the Almighty's arrows are in me

– My spirit has to drink their payload;

The terrors of God are arrayed against me.

in me ← with me.

payload ← fury or anger.
Job 6:5 ‫הֲיִֽנְהַק־פֶּ֥רֶא עֲלֵי־דֶ֑שֶׁא אִ֥ם יִגְעֶה־שּׁ֝֗וֹר עַל־בְּלִילֽוֹ׃‬

Does the wild ass bray over grass,

Or does the ox low over its fodder?

Job 6:6 ‫הֲיֵאָכֵ֣ל תָּ֭פֵל מִבְּלִי־מֶ֑לַח אִם־יֶשׁ־טַ֝֗עַם בְּרִ֣יר חַלָּמֽוּת׃‬

Is bland food eaten without salt,

Or is there any taste in the white of an egg?

Job 6:7 ‫מֵאֲנָ֣ה לִנְגּ֣וֹעַ נַפְשִׁ֑י הֵ֝֗מָּה כִּדְוֵ֥י לַחְמִֽי׃‬

I have no appetite for such things;

They are my uninviting food.

I have no appetite for ← my soul refuses to touch.

they are my uninviting food ← they (are) as the sicknesses of my bread. See 1 Sam 28:22-24.
Job 6:8 ‫מִֽי־יִ֭תֵּן תָּב֣וֹא שֶֽׁאֱלָתִ֑י וְ֝תִקְוָתִ֗י יִתֵּ֥ן אֱלֽוֹהַּ׃‬

If only my request might be considered,

And that God would grant my wish.

if only ← who will give.

be considered ← come, i.e. before God.

wish ← hope, expectation.
Job 6:9 ‫וְיֹאֵ֣ל אֱ֭לוֹהַּ וִֽידַכְּאֵ֑נִי יַתֵּ֥ר יָ֝ד֗וֹ וִֽיבַצְּעֵֽנִי׃‬

If God were to be pleased to crush me,

To loosen his grip

And to cut me off,

if: conditional use of the vav.

grip ← hand.
Job 6:10 ‫וּ֥תְהִי ע֨וֹד ׀ נֶ֘חָ֤מָתִ֗י וַאֲסַלְּדָ֣ה בְ֭חִילָה לֹ֣א יַחְמ֑וֹל כִּי־לֹ֥א כִ֝חַ֗דְתִּי אִמְרֵ֥י קָדֽוֹשׁ׃‬

It would nevertheless be comfort to me,

And I would endure in writhing,

Which he would not spare,

For I have not concealed the holy one's words.

endure: see [AnLx] for alternatives.
Job 6:11 ‫מַה־כֹּחִ֥י כִֽי־אֲיַחֵ֑ל וּמַה־קִּ֝צִּ֗י כִּֽי־אַאֲרִ֥יךְ נַפְשִֽׁי׃‬

What strength do I have,

That I should have hope?

And what is my final condition,

That I should prolong my life?

life ← soul.
Job 6:12 ‫אִם־כֹּ֣חַ אֲבָנִ֣ים כֹּחִ֑י אִֽם־בְּשָׂרִ֥י נָחֽוּשׁ׃‬

Is my strength the strength of stones?

Is my flesh brazen?

brazen: in this context, as hard as copper / bronze.
Job 6:13 ‫הַאִ֬ם אֵ֣ין עֶזְרָתִ֣י בִ֑י וְ֝תֻשִׁיָּ֗ה נִדְּחָ֥ה מִמֶּֽנִּי׃‬

Is it not the case that I have no help in my own resources?

– And that competence has been driven away from me?

Job 6:14 ‫לַמָּ֣ס מֵרֵעֵ֣הוּ חָ֑סֶד וְיִרְאַ֖ת שַׁדַּ֣י יַעֲזֽוֹב׃‬

To him who is in low spirits,

Kindness is due from his friend,

Even if he has abandoned fear of the Almighty.

if: conditional use of the vav.

he has abandoned: perhaps referring to the friend.
Job 6:15 ‫אַ֭חַי בָּגְד֣וּ כְמוֹ־נָ֑חַל כַּאֲפִ֖יק נְחָלִ֣ים יַעֲבֹֽרוּ׃‬

But my brothers have acted treacherously

Like a torrent,

Then like torrent tributaries,

They vanished.

torrent tributaries ← a channel of torrents.
Job 6:16 ‫הַקֹּדְרִ֥ים מִנִּי־קָ֑רַח עָ֝לֵ֗ימוֹ יִתְעַלֶּם־שָֽׁלֶג׃‬

They are inhospitable, because of ice,

And in them snow is hidden.

inhospitable: AV differs (blackish); [AnLx]= turbid. NH= bleak, gloomy.
Job 6:17 ‫בְּ֭עֵת יְזֹרְב֣וּ נִצְמָ֑תוּ בְּ֝חֻמּ֗וֹ נִדְעֲכ֥וּ מִמְּקוֹמָֽם׃‬

When they are exposed to scorching conditions,

They vanish;

In the heat,

They dry up on the spot.

on the spot ← from their place.
Job 6:18 ‫יִ֭לָּ֣פְתוּ אָרְח֣וֹת דַּרְכָּ֑ם יַעֲל֖וּ בַתֹּ֣הוּ וְיֹאבֵֽדוּ׃‬

Their course is brought to a standstill;

They evaporate and are lost.

their course ← the paths of their way.

is brought to a standstill: the sense of seizure fits all occurrences (here, Judg 16:29 and Ruth 3:8), supported by LXX and Vulgate, but not [AnLx], [BDB].

evaporate ← go up into a void / desolation.
Job 6:19 ‫הִ֭בִּיטוּ אָרְח֣וֹת תֵּמָ֑א הֲלִיכֹ֥ת שְׁ֝בָ֗א קִוּוּ־לָֽמוֹ׃‬

The travelling companies of Tema looked on;

The caravans of Sheba put hope in them,

Job 6:20 ‫בֹּ֥שׁוּ כִּֽי־בָטָ֑ח בָּ֥אוּ עָ֝דֶ֗יהָ וַיֶּחְפָּֽרוּ׃‬

But they were put to shame

For where each put his trust.

They arrived there

And were confounded.

arrived there ← came to it (feminine); the feminine pronoun is generalizing.
Job 6:21 ‫כִּֽי־עַ֭תָּה הֱיִ֣יתֶם *לא **ל֑וֹ תִּֽרְא֥וּ חֲ֝תַ֗ת וַתִּירָֽאוּ׃‬

For now you {K: are no comfort;} [Q: have become his;]

You see a terrible thing

And are afraid.

Job 6:22 ‫הֲ‍ֽכִי־אָ֭מַרְתִּי הָ֣בוּ לִ֑י וּ֝מִכֹּחֲכֶ֗ם שִׁחֲד֥וּ בַעֲדִֽי׃‬

Did I say, ‘Give me support’?

Or, ‘Offer me some of your wealth’?

Job 6:23 ‫וּמַלְּט֥וּנִי מִיַּד־צָ֑ר וּמִיַּ֖ד עָרִיצִ֣ים תִּפְדּֽוּנִי׃‬

Or, ‘Deliver me from the clutches of adversity’?

Or, ‘Redeem me from the grip of fierce men’?

clutches ... grip ← hand ... hand.
Job 6:24 ‫ה֭וֹרוּנִי וַאֲנִ֣י אַחֲרִ֑ישׁ וּמַה־שָּׁ֝גִ֗יתִי הָבִ֥ינוּ לִֽי׃‬

Teach me,

And I will be silent,

And cause me to understand

In what way I have erred.

Job 6:25 ‫מַה־נִּמְרְצ֥וּ אִמְרֵי־יֹ֑שֶׁר וּמַה־יּוֹכִ֖יחַ הוֹכֵ֣חַ מִכֶּֽם׃‬

How forcible words of uprightness are,

And how strongly reproving your reproof is!

forcible: [AnLx]= weak, with a note on the alternative.

strongly reproving ... is ← strongly it reproves, with an infinitive absolute.
Job 6:26 ‫הַלְהוֹכַ֣ח מִלִּ֣ים תַּחְשֹׁ֑בוּ וּ֝לְר֗וּחַ אִמְרֵ֥י נֹאָֽשׁ׃‬

Do you think you have reproved my words?

Or scattered to the wind the words of one in despair?

Job 6:27 ‫אַף־עַל־יָת֥וֹם תַּפִּ֑ילוּ וְ֝תִכְר֗וּ עַל־רֵֽיעֲכֶֽם׃‬

Indeed, you cast down orphans

And undermine your neighbour.

Job 6:28 ‫וְ֭עַתָּה הוֹאִ֣ילוּ פְנוּ־בִ֑י וְעַל־פְּ֝נֵיכֶ֗ם אִם־אֲכַזֵּֽב׃‬

So now, be willing to turn to me,

And it will be evident to you

If I lie.

evident to you ← on your faces.
Job 6:29 ‫שֻֽׁבוּ־נָ֭א אַל־תְּהִ֣י עַוְלָ֑ה *ושבי **וְשׁ֥וּבוּ ע֝וֹד צִדְקִי־בָֽהּ׃‬

Reconsider, I pray,

Let there be no more injustice.

And reconsider also

Whether I am right about this.

reconsider (2x): or, more strongly, repent. The ketiv is feminine singular; the qeré masculine plural. A yod / vav issue.
Job 6:30 ‫הֲיֵשׁ־בִּלְשׁוֹנִ֥י עַוְלָ֑ה אִם־חִ֝כִּ֗י לֹא־יָבִ֥ין הַוּֽוֹת׃‬

Is there any injustice in my tongue?

Can my palate not discern perverse things?”

Job 7:1 ‫הֲלֹא־צָבָ֣א לֶאֱנ֣וֹשׁ *על־**עֲלֵי־אָ֑רֶץ וְכִימֵ֖י שָׂכִ֣יר יָמָֽיו׃‬

“Does man not have warfare here on earth?

And are not his days like the days of a hired labourer?

on: the qeré is a poetic form of the ketiv.

Various verses (Job 7:8, Job 7:14, Job 7:17 etc.) suggest that Job is now speaking to God.

warfare: AV differs (appointed time).
Job 7:2 ‫כְּעֶ֥בֶד יִשְׁאַף־צֵ֑ל וּ֝כְשָׂכִ֗יר יְקַוֶּ֥ה פָעֳלֽוֹ׃‬

As a servant pants for shade,

And as a hired labourer awaits the wages of his work,

Job 7:3 ‫כֵּ֤ן הָנְחַ֣לְתִּי לִ֭י יַרְחֵי־שָׁ֑וְא וְלֵיל֥וֹת עָ֝מָ֗ל מִנּוּ־לִֽי׃‬

So I am made to endure months of calamity,

And nights of sorrow are appointed to me.

are appointed ← they have appointed. Avoidance of the passive, or re-point as pual (מֻנּוּ).

made to endure ← made to inherit.
Job 7:4 ‫אִם־שָׁכַ֗בְתִּי וְאָמַ֗רְתִּי מָתַ֣י אָ֭קוּם וּמִדַּד־עָ֑רֶב וְשָׂבַ֖עְתִּי נְדֻדִ֣ים עֲדֵי־נָֽשֶׁף׃‬

Whenever I lie down, I say,

‘When will it be time for me to get up,

And the night be over?’

For I am full of restlessness

Until the morning twilight.

the night be over ← fleeing of the evening, where evening can apply to morning twilight.
Job 7:5 ‫לָ֘בַ֤שׁ בְּשָׂרִ֣י רִ֭מָּה *וגיש **וְג֣וּשׁ עָפָ֑ר עוֹרִ֥י רָ֝גַ֗ע וַיִּמָּאֵֽס׃‬

My flesh is clothed in worms and clods of earth;

My skin breaks up and wastes away.

clods ← a clod. The ketiv can be regarded as a variant form of the qeré. A yod / vav issue.

earth ← dust.
Job 7:6 ‫יָמַ֣י קַ֭לּוּ מִנִּי־אָ֑רֶג וַ֝יִּכְל֗וּ בְּאֶ֣פֶס תִּקְוָֽה׃‬

My days pass more swiftly than a weaver's shuttle,

And they are spent without any hope.

Job 7:7 ‫זְ֭כֹר כִּי־ר֣וּחַ חַיָּ֑י לֹא־תָשׁ֥וּב עֵ֝ינִ֗י לִרְא֥וֹת טֽוֹב׃‬

Remember that my life is but wind;

My eye shall not see goodness again.

Job 7:8 ‫לֹֽא־תְ֭שׁוּרֵנִי עֵ֣ין רֹ֑אִי עֵינֶ֖יךָ בִּ֣י וְאֵינֶֽנִּי׃‬

The eye of him who sees me will behold me no more,

But your eyes will be on me,

Though I will be no more.

your: AV, [CB] capitalize (Thine); we agree with the reference to God, but we do not capitalize pronouns. See our Introduction.
Job 7:9 ‫כָּלָ֣ה עָ֭נָן וַיֵּלַ֑ךְ כֵּ֥ן יוֹרֵ֥ד שְׁ֝א֗וֹל לֹ֣א יַעֲלֶֽה׃‬

As the cloud dissipates and vanishes,

So he who goes down to the grave

Does not ascend again.

dissipates ← is consumed.

vanishes ← goes.
Job 7:10 ‫לֹא־יָשׁ֣וּב ע֣וֹד לְבֵית֑וֹ וְלֹא־יַכִּירֶ֖נּוּ ע֣וֹד מְקֹמֽוֹ׃‬

He does not return again to his house,

And his home place will not welcome him again.

welcome ← recognize, care for.
Job 7:11 ‫גַּם־אֲנִי֮ לֹ֤א אֶחֱשָׂ֫ךְ פִּ֥י אֲ‍ֽ֭דַבְּרָה בְּצַ֣ר רוּחִ֑י אָ֝שִׂ֗יחָה בְּמַ֣ר נַפְשִֽׁי׃‬

But I too will not hold back my mouth,

I will speak in the distress of my spirit;

I will lament in the bitterness of my feelings.

feelings ← soul.
Job 7:12 ‫הֲ‍ֽיָם־אָ֭נִי אִם־תַּנִּ֑ין כִּֽי־תָשִׂ֖ים עָלַ֣י מִשְׁמָֽר׃‬

Am I the sea, or a sea-monster,

So that you should set a watch over me?

Job 7:13 ‫כִּֽי־אָ֭מַרְתִּי תְּנַחֲמֵ֣נִי עַרְשִׂ֑י יִשָּׂ֥א בְ֝שִׂיחִ֗י מִשְׁכָּבִֽי׃‬

For I have said,

‘My bed will comfort me;

My couch will ease my complaint’,

Job 7:14 ‫וְחִתַּתַּ֥נִי בַחֲלֹמ֑וֹת וּֽמֵחֶזְיֹנ֥וֹת תְּבַעֲתַֽנִּי׃‬

But you terrify me in dreams

And frighten me with visions.

Job 7:15 ‫וַתִּבְחַ֣ר מַחֲנָ֣ק נַפְשִׁ֑י מָ֝֗וֶת מֵֽעַצְמוֹתָֽי׃‬

My being would prefer suffocation;

It would prefer death to my intact body.

being ← soul.

body: or bones.
Job 7:16 ‫מָ֭אַסְתִּי לֹא־לְעֹלָ֣ם אֶֽחְיֶ֑ה חֲדַ֥ל מִ֝מֶּ֗נִּי כִּי־הֶ֥בֶל יָמָֽי׃‬

I reject life;

I will not live on.

Leave me,

For my days are pointless.

live on ← live for the age.

pointless ← vanity; a vapour.
Job 7:17 ‫מָֽה־אֱ֭נוֹשׁ כִּ֣י תְגַדְּלֶ֑נּוּ וְכִי־תָשִׁ֖ית אֵלָ֣יו לִבֶּֽךָ׃‬

What is man,

That you should make him great?

– Or that you should set your heart on him?

Job 7:18 ‫וַתִּפְקְדֶ֥נּוּ לִבְקָרִ֑ים לִ֝רְגָעִ֗ים תִּבְחָנֶֽנּוּ׃‬

But you visit him every morning

And test him every moment.

every morning ... every moment ← at mornings ... at moments.
Job 7:19 ‫כַּ֭מָּה לֹא־תִשְׁעֶ֣ה מִמֶּ֑נִּי לֹֽא־תַ֝רְפֵּ֗נִי עַד־בִּלְעִ֥י רֻקִּֽי׃‬

How long will you ignore me

And persist with me

Until I swallow my spittle?

ignore me ← not regard (with favour) from me.

persist with ← not desist from.
Job 7:20 ‫חָטָ֡אתִי מָ֤ה אֶפְעַ֨ל ׀ לָךְ֮ נֹצֵ֪ר הָאָ֫דָ֥ם לָ֤מָה שַׂמְתַּ֣נִי לְמִפְגָּ֣ע לָ֑ךְ וָאֶהְיֶ֖ה עָלַ֣י לְמַשָּֽׂא׃‬

I have sinned

– What can I do to you, O guardian of man?

Why have you made me an object of confrontation with you,

So that I am a burden to {P: you} [M: myself]?

An amendment by the Sopherim. We reverse the change. See [CB] App. 33. P= עָלֶיךָ. AV differs.
Job 7:21 ‫וּמֶ֤ה ׀ לֹא־תִשָּׂ֣א פִשְׁעִי֮ וְתַעֲבִ֪יר אֶת־עֲוֺ֫נִ֥י כִּֽי־עַ֭תָּה לֶעָפָ֣ר אֶשְׁכָּ֑ב וְשִׁ֖חֲרְתַּ֣נִי וְאֵינֶֽנִּי׃ פ‬

And why do you not pardon my transgression

And forgive my iniquity?

For now I shall lie down on the dust,

And you will seek me diligently,

But I will not be there.”

Job 8:1 ‫וַ֭יַּעַן בִּלְדַּ֥ד הַשּׁוּחִ֗י וַיֹאמַֽר׃‬ Then Bildad the Shuhite began to speak and said, began to speak: see Job 3:2.
Job 8:2 ‫עַד־אָ֥ן תְּמַלֶּל־אֵ֑לֶּה וְר֥וּחַ כַּ֝בִּיר אִמְרֵי־פִֽיךָ׃‬

“How long will you declaim these things?

And the words of your mouth are a great wind.

Job 8:3 ‫הַ֭אֵל יְעַוֵּ֣ת מִשְׁפָּ֑ט וְאִם־שַׁ֝דַּ֗י יְעַוֵּֽת־צֶֽדֶק׃‬

Does God pervert justice?

Or does the Almighty pervert righteousness?

pervert ... pervert: otiose, but see Gen 12:5.
Job 8:4 ‫אִם־בָּנֶ֥יךָ חָֽטְאוּ־ל֑וֹ וַֽ֝יְשַׁלְּחֵ֗ם בְּיַד־פִּשְׁעָֽם׃‬

What if your sons sinned against him,

And he has cast them out for their transgressions?

cast them out: perhaps standing for delivered them (to death).

for ← by the hand of.
Job 8:5 ‫אִם־אַ֭תָּה תְּשַׁחֵ֣ר אֶל־אֵ֑ל וְאֶל־שַׁ֝דַּ֗י תִּתְחַנָּֽן׃‬

If you would seek God diligently,

And make supplication to the Almighty,

Job 8:6 ‫אִם־זַ֥ךְ וְיָשָׁ֗ר אָ֥תָּה כִּי־עַ֭תָּה יָעִ֣יר עָלֶ֑יךָ וְ֝שִׁלַּ֗ם נְוַ֣ת צִדְקֶֽךָ׃‬

If you were pure and upright,

Then he would now bestir himself for you

And keep your righteous dwelling place safe.

your righteous dwelling place ← the dwelling place of your righteousness, a Hebraic genitive.
Job 8:7 ‫וְהָיָ֣ה רֵאשִׁיתְךָ֣ מִצְעָ֑ר וְ֝אַחֲרִיתְךָ֗ יִשְׂגֶּ֥ה מְאֹֽד׃‬

And however much your beginning may have been a small matter,

Yet your final situation would become very great.

Job 8:8 ‫כִּֽי־שְׁאַל־נָ֭א לְדֹ֣ר רִישׁ֑וֹן וְ֝כוֹנֵ֗ן לְחֵ֣קֶר אֲבוֹתָֽם׃‬

For inquire, I pray you, of a former generation,

And establish it by investigation of their fathers.

former ← first.
Job 8:9 ‫כִּֽי־תְמ֣וֹל אֲ֭נַחְנוּ וְלֹ֣א נֵדָ֑ע כִּ֤י צֵ֖ל יָמֵ֣ינוּ עֲלֵי־אָֽרֶץ׃‬

For we are of yesterday,

And we do not know much at all,

For our days are just a shadow on the earth.

Job 8:10 ‫הֲלֹא־הֵ֣ם י֭וֹרוּךָ יֹ֣אמְרוּ לָ֑ךְ וּ֝מִלִּבָּ֗ם יוֹצִ֥אוּ מִלִּֽים׃‬

Will they not teach you

And speak to you

And bring out words from their heart?

Job 8:11 ‫הֲיִֽגְאֶה־גֹּ֭מֶא בְּלֹ֣א בִצָּ֑ה יִשְׂגֶּה־אָ֥חוּ בְלִי־מָֽיִם׃‬

Do papyrus plants grow without a swamp?

Does bulrush grow without water?

Job 8:12 ‫עֹדֶ֣נּוּ בְ֭אִבּוֹ לֹ֣א יִקָּטֵ֑ף וְלִפְנֵ֖י כָל־חָצִ֣יר יִיבָֽשׁ׃‬

While it is still in tender greenness,

It is not plucked away.

But it dries up quicker than any other kind of grass.

greenness ← its greenness.

quicker than ← before.

any ← every.

AV differs in syntactic structure.
Job 8:13 ‫כֵּ֗ן אָ֭רְחוֹת כָּל־שֹׁ֣כְחֵי אֵ֑ל וְתִקְוַ֖ת חָנֵ֣ף תֹּאבֵֽד׃‬

So are the paths of all who forget God,

And the hope of the profane comes to nothing.

profane: on a translation as hypocrite, see [AnLx] note at end of p.267.
Job 8:14 ‫אֲשֶׁר־יָק֥וֹט כִּסְל֑וֹ וּבֵ֥ית עַ֝כָּבִ֗ישׁ מִבְטַחֽוֹ׃‬

Their hope is cut off,

And their object of trust turns out to be a spider's cobweb.

cobweb ← house.
Job 8:15 ‫יִשָּׁעֵ֣ן עַל־בֵּ֭יתוֹ וְלֹ֣א יַעֲמֹ֑ד יַחֲזִ֥יק בּ֝֗וֹ וְלֹ֣א יָקֽוּם׃‬

When he leans on his house,

It will not stand;

He will hold it fast,

But it will not stand firm.

Job 8:16 ‫רָטֹ֣ב ה֭וּא לִפְנֵי־שָׁ֑מֶשׁ וְעַ֥ל גַּ֝נָּת֗וֹ יֹֽנַקְתּ֥וֹ תֵצֵֽא׃‬

As a tree which is moist in the sun,

Whose young shoot sprouts in its garden,

As a tree: we adopt [CB]'s ellipsis for this simile. AV differs, having no ellipsis.
Job 8:17 ‫עַל־גַּ֭ל שָֽׁרָשָׁ֣יו יְסֻבָּ֑כוּ בֵּ֖ית אֲבָנִ֣ים יֶחֱזֶֽה׃‬

Whose roots are intertwined at the water-source,

Which looks down on a house of stone,

looks down on: i.e. is higher than.
Job 8:18 ‫אִם־יְבַלְּעֶ֥נּוּ מִמְּקוֹמ֑וֹ וְכִ֥חֶשׁ בּ֝֗וֹ לֹ֣א רְאִיתִֽיךָ׃‬

If anyone uproots it from its place,

The place will disown the tree, and say,

‘I do not care for you.’

uproots ← swallows.

care for ← see, but also provide, care for.
Job 8:19 ‫הֶן־ה֭וּא מְשׂ֣וֹשׂ דַּרְכּ֑וֹ וּ֝מֵעָפָ֗ר אַחֵ֥ר יִצְמָֽחוּ׃‬

Behold, that would be the end of its joyful course,

And other plants would grow from its soil.

its joyful course ← the joy of its course, a reverse Hebraic genitive.

soil ← dust.
Job 8:20 ‫הֶן־אֵ֭ל לֹ֣א יִמְאַס־תָּ֑ם וְלֹֽא־יַ֝חֲזִ֗יק בְּיַד־מְרֵעִֽים׃‬

Behold, God does not reject those of integrity,

And he does not hold the hand of evildoers.

Job 8:21 ‫עַד־יְמַלֵּ֣ה שְׂח֣וֹק פִּ֑יךָ וּשְׂפָתֶ֥יךָ תְרוּעָֽה׃‬

If you would seek God diligently,

God would not rest

Until he fills your mouth with laughter,

And your lips with a shout for joy.

If you would seek God diligently: from Job 8:5. AV differs, having no ellipsis.

God would not rest: inferred from Job 8:6.
Job 8:22 ‫שֹׂנְאֶ֥יךָ יִלְבְּשׁוּ־בֹ֑שֶׁת וְאֹ֖הֶל רְשָׁעִ֣ים אֵינֶֽנּוּ׃ פ‬

Those who hate you would be clothed in shame,

And the tent of the wicked would no longer exist.”

Job 9:1 ‫וַיַּ֥עַן אִיּ֗וֹב וַיֹּאמַֽר׃‬ Then Job replied and said,
Job 9:2 ‫אָ֭מְנָם יָדַ֣עְתִּי כִי־כֵ֑ן וּמַה־יִּצְדַּ֖ק אֱנ֣וֹשׁ עִם־אֵֽל׃‬

“Indeed I know it is so,

But how can a man be just with God?

but: adversative use of the vav.
Job 9:3 ‫אִם־יַ֭חְפֹּץ לָרִ֣יב עִמּ֑וֹ לֹֽא־יַ֝עֲנֶ֗נּוּ אַחַ֥ת מִנִּי־אָֽלֶף׃‬

If he were to be pleased to contend with him,

The man could not answer one question out of a thousand.

the manhe.
Job 9:4 ‫חֲכַ֣ם לֵ֭בָב וְאַמִּ֣יץ כֹּ֑חַ מִֽי־הִקְשָׁ֥ה אֵ֝לָ֗יו וַיִּשְׁלָֽם׃‬

Who, however wise of heart and mighty in strength,

Ever hardened himself against him

And came off well?

came off well ← and is at peace.
Job 9:5 ‫הַמַּעְתִּ֣יק הָ֭רִים וְלֹ֣א יָדָ֑עוּ אֲשֶׁ֖ר הֲפָכָ֣ם בְּאַפּֽוֹ׃‬

He removes mountains,

But they are unaware of it,

And he overturns them in his anger.

Job 9:6 ‫הַמַּרְגִּ֣יז אֶ֭רֶץ מִמְּקוֹמָ֑הּ וְ֝עַמּוּדֶ֗יהָ יִתְפַלָּצֽוּן׃‬

He shakes the earth out of its place,

So that its pillars tremble.

Job 9:7 ‫הָאֹמֵ֣ר לַ֭חֶרֶס וְלֹ֣א יִזְרָ֑ח וּבְעַ֖ד כּוֹכָבִ֣ים יַחְתֹּֽם׃‬

He commands the sun

And it does not rise,

And he sets a seal around the stars.

Job 9:8 ‫נֹטֶ֣ה שָׁמַ֣יִם לְבַדּ֑וֹ וְ֝דוֹרֵ֗ךְ עַל־בָּ֥מֳתֵי יָֽם׃‬

He stretches out the heavens on his own,

And he treads on the heights of the sea.

Job 9:9 ‫עֹֽשֶׂה־עָ֭שׁ כְּסִ֥יל וְכִימָ֗ה וְחַדְרֵ֥י תֵמָֽן׃‬

He made the Great Bear and Orion,

And the Pleiades and the constellations of the south.

Great Bear: or Arcturus, which was perhaps included in the constellation.

constellations ← chambers.
Job 9:10 ‫עֹשֶׂ֣ה גְ֭דֹלוֹת עַד־אֵ֣ין חֵ֑קֶר וְנִפְלָא֗וֹת עַד־אֵ֥ין מִסְפָּֽר׃‬

He performs great deeds

Which are beyond searching out,

And wonders which are without number.

which areup to.
Job 9:11 ‫הֵ֤ן יַעֲבֹ֣ר עָ֭לַי וְלֹ֣א אֶרְאֶ֑ה וְ֝יַחֲלֹ֗ף וְֽלֹא־אָבִ֥ין לֽוֹ׃‬

Behold, he passes me by,

But I do not see him.

He goes past,

But I do not perceive him.

Job 9:12 ‫הֵ֣ן יַ֭חְתֹּף מִ֣י יְשִׁיבֶ֑נּוּ מִֽי־יֹאמַ֥ר אֵ֝לָ֗יו מַֽה־תַּעֲשֶֽׂה׃‬

Behold, when he seizes something,

Who can make him return it?

Who can say to him,

‘What are you doing?’

Job 9:13 ‫אֱ֭לוֹהַּ לֹא־יָשִׁ֣יב אַפּ֑וֹ *תחתו **תַּחְתָּ֥יו שָׁ֝חֲח֗וּ עֹ֣זְרֵי רָֽהַב׃‬

If God does not avert his anger,

Minions of pride must stoop before him.

before him ← under him. The ketiv is a variant form of the qeré.
Job 9:14 ‫אַ֭ף כִּֽי־אָנֹכִ֣י אֶֽעֱנֶ֑נּוּ אֶבְחֲרָ֖ה דְבָרַ֣י עִמּֽוֹ׃‬

How much less can I answer him?

How could I choose my words in dispute with him?

Job 9:15 ‫אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִם־צָ֭דַקְתִּי לֹ֣א אֶעֱנֶ֑ה לִ֝מְשֹׁפְטִ֗י אֶתְחַנָּֽן׃‬

– When even if I were just,

I would not answer;

I would make my supplication to my judge.

Job 9:16 ‫אִם־קָרָ֥אתִי וַֽיַּעֲנֵ֑נִי לֹֽא־אַ֝אֲמִ֗ין כִּֽי־יַאֲזִ֥ין קוֹלִֽי׃‬

Even if I called him, and he answered me,

I would not believe that he had heard my voice.

Job 9:17 ‫אֲשֶׁר־בִּשְׂעָרָ֥ה יְשׁוּפֵ֑נִי וְהִרְבָּ֖ה פְצָעַ֣י חִנָּֽם׃‬

He could crush me with a storm

And multiply my wounds without a cause.

Job 9:18 ‫לֹֽא־יִ֭תְּנֵנִי הָשֵׁ֣ב רוּחִ֑י כִּ֥י יַ֝שְׂבִּעַ֗נִי מַמְּרֹרִֽים׃‬

He would not allow me to recover my breath,

For he would fill me with bitter things.

breath: or spirit.

fill ← satiate.
Job 9:19 ‫אִם־לְכֹ֣חַ אַמִּ֣יץ הִנֵּ֑ה וְאִם־לְ֝מִשְׁפָּ֗ט מִ֣י יוֹעִידֵֽנִי׃‬

If it is a matter of strength,

Behold, he is mighty.

And if of justice,

Who will appoint me a hearing?

Job 9:20 ‫אִם־אֶ֭צְדָּק פִּ֣י יַרְשִׁיעֵ֑נִי תָּֽם־אָ֝֗נִי וַֽיַּעְקְשֵֽׁנִי׃‬

If I were to say, ‘I am justified’,

My mouth would be condemning me.

If I were to say, ‘I have integrity’,

It would convict me of perverseness.

Job 9:21 ‫תָּֽם־אָ֭נִי לֹֽא־אֵדַ֥ע נַפְשִׁ֗י אֶמְאַ֥ס חַיָּֽי׃‬

If I were to say, ‘I have integrity’,

I would not recognize myself;

I would loathe my life.

myself ← my soul.
Job 9:22 ‫אַחַ֗ת הִ֥יא עַל־כֵּ֥ן אָמַ֑רְתִּי תָּ֥ם וְ֝רָשָׁ֗ע ה֣וּא מְכַלֶּֽה׃‬

It is all the same.

That is why I claim,

‘He makes an end of the integrous and wicked alike.’

the same ← one (thing).

claim ← say.
Job 9:23 ‫אִם־שׁ֭וֹט יָמִ֣ית פִּתְאֹ֑ם לְמַסַּ֖ת נְקִיִּ֣ם יִלְעָֽג׃‬

If a scourge suddenly kills,

It makes a mockery of the trial of the innocent.

it makes a mockery: AV differs (he will laugh), also possible.
Job 9:24 ‫אֶ֤רֶץ ׀ נִתְּנָ֬ה בְֽיַד־רָשָׁ֗ע פְּנֵֽי־שֹׁפְטֶ֥יהָ יְכַסֶּ֑ה אִם־לֹ֖א אֵפ֣וֹא מִי־הֽוּא׃‬

The earth has been delivered into the hand of the wicked one;

He has put a veil over the faces of its judges.

If it is not so,

Who, then, is he who is responsible?”

put a veil over ← covered.

then: AV differs (where), apparently reading אֵפוֹה, not אֵפוֹא.
Job 9:25 ‫וְיָמַ֣י קַ֭לּוּ מִנִּי־רָ֑ץ בָּֽ֝רְח֗וּ לֹא־רָא֥וּ טוֹבָֽה׃‬

“Now my days pass more swiftly than a runner.

They fly past;

They do not see goodness.

Job addresses God here (or perhaps at verse 27).

fly past ← flee, as in classical Latin (tempus fugit).
Job 9:26 ‫חָ֭לְפוּ עִם־אֳנִיּ֣וֹת אֵבֶ֑ה כְּ֝נֶ֗שֶׁר יָט֥וּשׂ עֲלֵי־אֹֽכֶל׃‬

They pass with the speed of papyrus boats,

As an eagle swoops after prey.

papyrus boats: so light and fast.

prey ← food.
Job 9:27 ‫אִם־אָ֭מְרִי אֶשְׁכְּחָ֣ה שִׂיחִ֑י אֶעֶזְבָ֖ה פָנַ֣י וְאַבְלִֽיגָה׃‬

If I were to say,

‘I will forget my complaint;

I will ignore my situation

And be cheerful’,

ignore my situation ← leave my face.
Job 9:28 ‫יָגֹ֥רְתִּי כָל־עַצְּבֹתָ֑י יָ֝דַ֗עְתִּי כִּי־לֹ֥א תְנַקֵּֽנִי׃‬

I would be fearful with all my sorrows;

I would know

That you still wouldn't pronounce me innocent.

Job 9:29 ‫אָנֹכִ֥י אֶרְשָׁ֑ע לָמָּה־זֶּ֝֗ה הֶ֣בֶל אִיגָֽע׃‬

Let me be considered wicked.

Why, then, do I go on struggling in vain?

Job 9:30 ‫אִם־הִתְרָחַ֥צְתִּי *במו־**בְמֵי־שָׁ֑לֶג וַ֝הֲזִכּ֗וֹתִי בְּבֹ֣ר כַּפָּֽי׃‬

If I were to wash myself {K: in snow} [Q: in snow-water]

And purify my hands with soap,

Job 9:31 ‫אָ֭ז בַּשַּׁ֣חַת תִּטְבְּלֵ֑נִי וְ֝תִֽעֲב֗וּנִי שַׂלְמוֹתָֽי׃‬

Then you would still plunge me into the pit,

And even my garments would abhor me.”

Job 9:32 ‫כִּי־לֹא־אִ֣ישׁ כָּמֹ֣נִי אֶֽעֱנֶ֑נּוּ נָב֥וֹא יַ֝חְדָּ֗ו בַּמִּשְׁפָּֽט׃‬

“For he is not a man like me,

That I should be able to answer him, and say,

‘Let us go together to the court of justice.’

Job speaks to his friends.
Job 9:33 ‫לֹ֣א יֵשׁ־בֵּינֵ֣ינוּ מוֹכִ֑יחַ יָשֵׁ֖ת יָד֣וֹ עַל־שְׁנֵֽינוּ׃‬

There is no arbiter between us,

Who could put his hand on us both.

arbiter ← reprover, but here in a mediatorial role. AV's daysman.
Job 9:34 ‫יָסֵ֣ר מֵעָלַ֣י שִׁבְט֑וֹ וְ֝אֵמָת֗וֹ אַֽל־תְּבַעֲתַֽנִּי׃‬

Let him take away his rod from me,

And let him not frighten me with his terror.

Job 9:35 ‫אַֽ֭דַבְּרָה וְלֹ֣א אִירָאֶ֑נּוּ כִּ֥י לֹא־כֵ֥ן אָ֝נֹכִ֗י עִמָּדִֽי׃‬

Then I would speak and not fear him,

But it is not so for me in my situation.

in my situation ← with me.
Job 10:1 ‫נָֽקְטָ֥ה נַפְשִׁ֗י בְּחַ֫יָּ֥י אֶֽעֶזְבָ֣ה עָלַ֣י שִׂיחִ֑י אֲ֝דַבְּרָה֗ בְּמַ֣ר נַפְשִֽׁי׃‬

My being is weary of my life.

I will consign my complaint to myself.

I will speak in the bitterness of my feelings.

being ... feelings ← soul ... soul.

consign ← abandon.
Job 10:2 ‫אֹמַ֣ר אֶל־אֱ֭לוֹהַּ אַל־תַּרְשִׁיעֵ֑נִי הֽ֝וֹדִיעֵ֗נִי עַ֣ל מַה־תְּרִיבֵֽנִי׃‬

I will say to God,

‘Do not condemn me.

Tell me what you are contending with me about.

Job 10:3 ‫הֲט֤וֹב לְךָ֨ ׀ כִּֽי־תַעֲשֹׁ֗ק כִּֽי־תִ֭מְאַס יְגִ֣יעַ כַּפֶּ֑יךָ וְעַל־עֲצַ֖ת רְשָׁעִ֣ים הוֹפָֽעְתָּ׃‬

Is it good in your sight that you should oppress?

– That you should reject the work of your hands?

– And that you should shine on the counsel of the wicked?

Job 10:4 ‫הַעֵינֵ֣י בָשָׂ֣ר לָ֑ךְ אִם־כִּרְא֖וֹת אֱנ֣וֹשׁ תִּרְאֶֽה׃‬

Have you got eyes of flesh?

Do you see as man sees?

Job 10:5 ‫הֲכִימֵ֣י אֱנ֣וֹשׁ יָמֶ֑יךָ אִם־שְׁ֝נוֹתֶ֗יךָ כִּ֣ימֵי גָֽבֶר׃‬

Are your days like the days of mankind?

Are your years like the days of a man,

Job 10:6 ‫כִּֽי־תְבַקֵּ֥שׁ לַעֲוֺנִ֑י וּ֭לְחַטָּאתִ֥י תִדְרֽוֹשׁ׃‬

When you seek my iniquity

And search for my sin?

Job 10:7 ‫עַֽל־דַּ֭עְתְּךָ כִּי־לֹ֣א אֶרְשָׁ֑ע וְאֵ֖ין מִיָּדְךָ֣ מַצִּֽיל׃‬

You know that I do not act wickedly,

But there is no-one to deliver me out of your hand.

you know ← (it is) according to your knowledge.
Job 10:8 ‫יָדֶ֣יךָ עִ֭צְּבוּנִי וַֽיַּעֲשׂ֑וּנִי יַ֥חַד סָ֝בִ֗יב וַֽתְּבַלְּעֵֽנִי׃‬

Your hands took pains to fashion me,

Yet all around, you swallow me up.

Job 10:9 ‫זְכָר־נָ֭א כִּי־כַחֹ֣מֶר עֲשִׂיתָ֑נִי וְֽאֶל־עָפָ֥ר תְּשִׁיבֵֽנִי׃‬

Remember, I pray, that you fashioned me as with clay,

And that you will return me to the dust.

Job 10:10 ‫הֲלֹ֣א כֶ֭חָלָב תַּתִּיכֵ֑נִי וְ֝כַגְּבִנָּ֗ה תַּקְפִּיאֵֽנִי׃‬

Did you not pour me out like milk

And solidify me like cheese?

Job 10:11 ‫ע֣וֹר וּ֭בָשָׂר תַּלְבִּישֵׁ֑נִי וּֽבַעֲצָמ֥וֹת וְ֝גִידִ֗ים תְּסֹכְכֵֽנִי׃‬

You clothed me in skin and flesh

And wove me together with bones and sinews.

Job 10:12 ‫חַיִּ֣ים וָ֭חֶסֶד עָשִׂ֣יתָ עִמָּדִ֑י וּ֝פְקֻדָּתְךָ֗ שָֽׁמְרָ֥ה רוּחִֽי׃‬

You have granted me life and shown me kindness,

And your watchfulness has guarded my spirit,

Job 10:13 ‫וְ֭אֵלֶּה צָפַ֣נְתָּ בִלְבָבֶ֑ךָ יָ֝דַ֗עְתִּי כִּי־זֹ֥את עִמָּֽךְ׃‬

Yet you have hidden these things in your heart.

I know that this was your intention.

your intention ← with you.
Job 10:14 ‫אִם־חָטָ֥אתִי וּשְׁמַרְתָּ֑נִי וּ֝מֵעֲוֺנִ֗י לֹ֣א תְנַקֵּֽנִי׃‬

If I were to sin,

You would observe me,

And you would not acquit me from my iniquity.

observe: a similar meaning in Job 13:27, but the usual meaning is guard.
Job 10:15 ‫אִם־רָשַׁ֡עְתִּי אַלְלַ֬י לִ֗י וְ֭צָדַקְתִּי לֹא־אֶשָּׂ֣א רֹאשִׁ֑י שְׂבַ֥ע קָ֝ל֗וֹן וּרְאֵ֥ה עָנְיִֽי׃‬

If I have acted wickedly,

Woe is me.

If I have been righteous,

I will not lift my head.

I am full of ingloriousness;

Just look at my affliction.

just: wider use of the vav.
Job 10:16 ‫וְ֭יִגְאֶה כַּשַּׁ֣חַל תְּצוּדֵ֑נִי וְ֝תָשֹׁ֗ב תִּתְפַּלָּא־בִֽי׃‬

For it is increasing;

You hunt me like a fierce lion

And again use wondrous powers against me.

Job 10:17 ‫תְּחַדֵּ֬שׁ עֵדֶ֨יךָ ׀ נֶגְדִּ֗י וְתֶ֣רֶב כַּֽ֭עַשְׂךָ עִמָּדִ֑י חֲלִיפ֖וֹת וְצָבָ֣א עִמִּֽי׃‬

You renew your testimonies against me

And increase your anger with me.

And a succession of forces is against me.

a succession of forces is against me ← changes and an army (is) with me.
Job 10:18 ‫וְלָ֣מָּה מֵ֭רֶחֶם הֹצֵאתָ֑נִי אֶ֝גְוַ֗ע וְעַ֣יִן לֹא־תִרְאֵֽנִי׃‬

And why did you bring me out of the womb?

I could have expired,

And no eye would have seen me.

Job 10:19 ‫כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹא־הָיִ֣יתִי אֶהְיֶ֑ה מִ֝בֶּ֗טֶן לַקֶּ֥בֶר אוּבָֽל׃‬

I would be as though I had not existed;

I would have been led from the womb to the grave.’

existed ← been.
Job 10:20 ‫הֲלֹא־מְעַ֣ט יָמַ֣י *יחדל **וַחֲדָ֑ל *ישית **וְשִׁ֥ית מִ֝מֶּ֗נִּי וְאַבְלִ֥יגָה מְּעָֽט׃‬

Are not my days few?

{K: If only he would desist} [Q: Desist, then,] and turn away from me,

{K: Then I would be} [Q: And let me be] a little more cheerful

The ketiv / qeré issues are yod / vav issues. There is no textual variation in the third line, but the English needs to be adapted according to the preceding textual variation.

Job addresses his friends directly again.
Job 10:21 ‫בְּטֶ֣רֶם אֵ֭לֵךְ וְלֹ֣א אָשׁ֑וּב אֶל־אֶ֖רֶץ חֹ֣שֶׁךְ וְצַלְמָֽוֶת׃‬

Before I go (and do not return)

To the land of darkness and the shadow of death

Job 10:22 ‫אֶ֤רֶץ עֵיפָ֨תָה ׀ כְּמ֥וֹ אֹ֗פֶל צַ֭לְמָוֶת וְלֹ֥א סְדָרִ֗ים וַתֹּ֥פַע כְּמוֹ־אֹֽפֶל׃ פ‬

– A land of weariness like deep darkness,

And of the shadow of death,

Where no order reigns,

And where it shines deep darkness.”

shines deep darkness ← shines as darkness.
Job 11:1 ‫וַ֭יַּעַן צֹפַ֥ר הַֽנַּעֲמָתִ֗י וַיֹּאמַֽר׃‬ Then Zophar the Naamathite answered and said,
Job 11:2 ‫הֲרֹ֣ב דְּ֭בָרִים לֹ֣א יֵעָנֶ֑ה וְאִם־אִ֖ישׁ שְׂפָתַ֣יִם יִצְדָּֽק׃‬

“Shall a profusion of words not be answered?

And is a loquacious man necessarily right?

loquacious man ← man of lips.
Job 11:3 ‫בַּ֭דֶּיךָ מְתִ֣ים יַחֲרִ֑ישׁו וַ֝תִּלְעַ֗ג וְאֵ֣ין מַכְלִֽם׃‬

Will your lies silence men?

Or will you mock,

With no-one putting you to shame?

Job 11:4 ‫וַ֭תֹּאמֶר זַ֣ךְ לִקְחִ֑י וּ֝בַ֗ר הָיִ֥יתִי בְעֵינֶֽיךָ׃‬

For you have said,

‘My doctrine is pure’,

And, ‘I have been clean in your eyes.’

Job 11:5 ‫וְֽאוּלָ֗ם מִֽי־יִתֵּ֣ן אֱל֣וֹהַּ דַּבֵּ֑ר וְיִפְתַּ֖ח שְׂפָתָ֣יו עִמָּֽךְ׃‬

But if only God would speak

And open his lips with you

if only ← who will grant.
Job 11:6 ‫וְיַגֶּד־לְךָ֨ ׀ תַּֽעֲלֻמ֣וֹת חָכְמָה֮ כִּֽי־כִפְלַ֪יִם לְֽת֫וּשִׁיָּ֥ה וְדַ֡ע כִּֽי־יַשֶּׁ֥ה לְךָ֥ אֱ֝ל֗וֹהַ מֵעֲוֺנֶֽךָ׃‬

And tell you the secrets of wisdom,

For they double the value of insight.

And know that God exacts retribution for your iniquity.

they double ← (they are) double to.

retribution: AV differs (less than ... deserveth).
Job 11:7 ‫הַחֵ֣קֶר אֱל֣וֹהַ תִּמְצָ֑א אִ֤ם עַד־תַּכְלִ֖ית שַׁדַּ֣י תִּמְצָֽא׃‬

Can you find God with an investigation?

Or can you find the Almighty with complete knowledge?

with ← up to.

complete knowledgecompleteness.
Job 11:8 ‫גָּבְהֵ֣י שָׁ֭מַיִם מַה־תִּפְעָ֑ל עֲמֻקָּ֥ה מִ֝שְּׁא֗וֹל מַה־תֵּדָֽע׃‬

What can you undertake concerning the heights of heaven?

What can you know about what is deeper than the underworld?

underworld: or grave.
Job 11:9 ‫אֲרֻכָּ֣ה מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִדָּ֑הּ וּ֝רְחָבָ֗ה מִנִּי־יָֽם׃‬

Its dimensions are longer than the earth

And wider than the sea.

its: referring to wisdom (Job 11:6).

dimensions ← measurement.
Job 11:10 ‫אִם־יַחֲלֹ֥ף וְיַסְגִּ֑יר וְ֝יַקְהִ֗יל וּמִ֣י יְשִׁיבֶֽנּוּ׃‬

If he passes by,

And confines and gathers people up,

Who can make him withdraw it?

passes by: AV differs (cut off).
Job 11:11 ‫כִּי־ה֭וּא יָדַ֣ע מְתֵי־שָׁ֑וְא וַיַּרְא־אָ֝֗וֶן וְלֹ֣א יִתְבּוֹנָֽן׃‬

For he knows who the vain men are,

And he sees their wickedness

Although he does not appear attentive.

although: concessive use of the vav. AV differs, as an interrogative, which is also possible.
Job 11:12 ‫וְאִ֣ישׁ נָ֭בוּב יִלָּבֵ֑ב וְעַ֥יִר פֶּ֝֗רֶא אָדָ֥ם יִוָּלֵֽד׃‬

But a witless man can become wise,

For a man is born like a wild ass.

become wise ← hearten himself.
Job 11:13 ‫אִם־אַ֭תָּ֗ה הֲכִינ֣וֹתָ לִבֶּ֑ךָ וּפָרַשְׂתָּ֖ אֵלָ֣יו כַּפֶּֽךָ׃‬

If you prepare your heart,

Then you can stretch out your hands to him.

hands ← hand.
Job 11:14 ‫אִם־אָ֣וֶן בְּ֭יָדְךָ הַרְחִיקֵ֑הוּ וְאַל־תַּשְׁכֵּ֖ן בְּאֹהָלֶ֣יךָ עַוְלָֽה׃‬

If there is vanity in your hands,

Remove it,

And do not let iniquity dwell in your tents.

hands ← hand.
Job 11:15 ‫כִּי־אָ֤ז ׀ תִּשָּׂ֣א פָנֶ֣יךָ מִמּ֑וּם וְהָיִ֥יתָ מֻ֝צָ֗ק וְלֹ֣א תִירָֽא׃‬

For then you will be able to hold your head high spotlessly,

And you will be steadfast,

And you will not need to fear.

spotlessly ← from spot.

steadfast ← cast (as a metal).
Job 11:16 ‫כִּי־אַ֭תָּה עָמָ֣ל תִּשְׁכָּ֑ח כְּמַ֖יִם עָבְר֣וּ תִזְכֹּֽר׃‬

For then you will forget your sorrow

And remember it as you do water that passes by.

Job 11:17 ‫וּֽ֭מִצָּהֳרַיִם יָק֣וּם חָ֑לֶד תָּ֝עֻ֗פָה כַּבֹּ֥קֶר תִּהְיֶֽה׃‬

A time will come brighter than noon.

You will soar;

You will be like the morning.

soar: from root עוּף. AV differs (shine forth), apparently taking the root as יָעַף, itself a metathesis of יָפַע.
Job 11:18 ‫וּֽ֭בָטַחְתָּ כִּי־יֵ֣שׁ תִּקְוָ֑ה וְ֝חָפַרְתָּ֗ לָבֶ֥טַח תִּשְׁכָּֽב׃‬

You will trust,

For you will have hope,

And you will search matters out

And rest with confidence.

Job 11:19 ‫וְֽ֭רָבַצְתָּ וְאֵ֣ין מַחֲרִ֑יד וְחִלּ֖וּ פָנֶ֣יךָ רַבִּֽים׃‬

And you will lie down

With nothing to cause alarm,

And many will seek your favour.

seek your favour ← weaken your face.

Compare this verse with Lev 26:6, Isa 17:2, Mic 4:4, Zeph 3:13, Ezek 34:28.
Job 11:20 ‫וְעֵינֵ֥י רְשָׁעִ֗ים תִּ֫כְלֶ֥ינָה וּ֭מָנוֹס אָבַ֣ד מִנְהֶ֑ם וְ֝תִקְוָתָ֗ם מַֽפַּח־נָֽפֶשׁ׃ פ‬

But the eyes of the wicked will fail,

And flight will not be available to them,

And their hope will be as a puff of breath.”

not be available to them ← perish from them.

puff of breath: or expiry of the soul, but here representing a forlorn hope.
Job 12:1 ‫וַיַּ֥עַן אִיּ֗וֹב וַיֹּאמַֽר׃‬ Then Job answered and said,
Job 12:2 ‫אָ֭מְנָם כִּ֣י אַתֶּם־עָ֑ם וְ֝עִמָּכֶ֗ם תָּמ֥וּת חָכְמָֽה׃‬

“Truly, you constitute a people.

But your wisdom will die with you.

you (2x): plural, likening the three friends to a confederacy.
Job 12:3 ‫גַּם־לִ֤י לֵבָ֨ב ׀ כְּֽמוֹכֶ֗ם לֹא־נֹפֵ֣ל אָנֹכִ֣י מִכֶּ֑ם וְאֶת־מִי־אֵ֥ין כְּמוֹ־אֵֽלֶּה׃‬

But I also have intellect like you;

I am not inferior to you.

And who is not familiar with such things?

intellect ← a heart, but with wider scope.

inferior to ← more falling than.

who is not familiar with such thingswith whom (are) not like these (things present).
Job 12:4 ‫שְׂחֹ֤ק לְרֵעֵ֨הוּ ׀ אֶֽהְיֶ֗ה קֹרֵ֣א לֶ֭אֱלוֹהַּ וַֽיַּעֲנֵ֑הוּ שְׂ֝ח֗וֹק צַדִּ֥יק תָּמִֽים׃‬

I am an object of scorn to my neighbour

– One calling to God for him to answer him.

A just and integrous man is an object of scorn.

my ← his, but provisionally impersonal, like one's, until the main verb fixes the grammatical person.
Job 12:5 ‫לַפִּ֣יד בּ֭וּז לְעַשְׁתּ֣וּת שַׁאֲנָ֑ן נָ֝כ֗וֹן לְמ֣וֹעֲדֵי רָֽגֶל׃‬

A lamp is an object of contempt to the thoughts of him who is at ease,

Although it is prepared for those who are liable to stumble.

those who are liable to stumble ← totterers of foot.
Job 12:6 ‫יִשְׁלָ֤יוּ אֹֽהָלִ֨ים ׀ לְשֹׁ֥דְדִ֗ים וּֽ֭בַטֻּחוֹת לְמַרְגִּ֣יזֵי אֵ֑ל לַאֲשֶׁ֤ר הֵבִ֖יא אֱל֣וֹהַּ בְּיָדֽוֹ׃‬

The tents of the plunderers are at ease,

And those who provoke God have confidence

In what God brings in his hand.

Job 12:7 ‫וְֽאוּלָ֗ם שְׁאַל־נָ֣א בְהֵמ֣וֹת וְתֹרֶ֑ךָּ וְע֥וֹף הַ֝שָּׁמַ֗יִם וְיַגֶּד־לָֽךְ׃‬

But ask, I pray, the beasts,

And each will teach you,

And the birds of the sky,

And they will inform you.

Job 12:8 ‫א֤וֹ שִׂ֣יחַ לָאָ֣רֶץ וְתֹרֶ֑ךָּ וִֽיסַפְּר֥וּ לְ֝ךָ֗ דְּגֵ֣י הַיָּֽם׃‬

Or speak to the earth

And it will teach you,

And the fish of the sea will recount it to you.

Job 12:9 ‫מִ֭י לֹא־יָדַ֣ע בְּכָל־אֵ֑לֶּה כִּ֥י יַד־יְ֝הוָה עָ֣שְׂתָה זֹּֽאת׃‬

Who does not know by means of all these

That the hand of the Lord has done this?

Job 12:10 ‫אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּ֭יָדוֹ נֶ֣פֶשׁ כָּל־חָ֑י וְ֝ר֗וּחַ כָּל־בְּשַׂר־אִֽישׁ׃‬

– In whose hand the existence of every living being is,

And the spirit of all human flesh.

existence ← soul.

spirit: or breath.
Job 12:11 ‫הֲלֹא־אֹ֭זֶן מִלִּ֣ין תִּבְחָ֑ן וְ֝חֵ֗ךְ אֹ֣כֶל יִטְעַם־לֽוֹ׃‬

Does not the ear discern the sense of words,

And the palate taste food?

discern ← test.

words: in an Aramaic form.

taste ← taste for itself. Compare the Greek middle voice in γεύομαι.
Job 12:12 ‫בִּֽישִׁישִׁ֥ים חָכְמָ֑ה וְאֹ֖רֶךְ יָמִ֣ים תְּבוּנָֽה׃‬

In the elderly is wisdom,

And in great age is understanding.

great age ← length of days.
Job 12:13 ‫עִ֭מּוֹ חָכְמָ֣ה וּגְבוּרָ֑ה ל֝֗וֹ עֵצָ֥ה וּתְבוּנָֽה׃‬

With him there is wisdom and mastery;

He has counsel and understanding.

Job 12:14 ‫הֵ֣ן יַ֭הֲרוֹס וְלֹ֣א יִבָּנֶ֑ה יִסְגֹּ֥ר עַל־אִ֝֗ישׁ וְלֹ֣א יִפָּתֵֽחַ׃‬

Behold, he demolishes a building

So that it cannot be built up.

He shuts off a way to a man,

And it cannot be opened again.

Rev 3:7.

so that: purposive use of the vav.
Job 12:15 ‫הֵ֤ן יַעְצֹ֣ר בַּמַּ֣יִם וְיִבָ֑שׁוּ וִֽ֝ישַׁלְּחֵ֗ם וְיַ֖הַפְכוּ אָֽרֶץ׃‬

Behold, he shuts off water,

And it dries up,

And when he sends it again,

It overturns the earth.

Job 12:16 ‫עִ֭מּוֹ עֹ֣ז וְתֽוּשִׁיָּ֑ה ל֝֗וֹ שֹׁגֵ֥ג וּמַשְׁגֶּֽה׃‬

He has strength and insight;

He has dominion over him who goes astray

And him who leads astray.

he haswith him (is).
Job 12:17 ‫מוֹלִ֣יךְ יוֹעֲצִ֣ים שׁוֹלָ֑ל וְֽשֹׁפְטִ֥ים יְהוֹלֵֽל׃‬

He leads counsellors stripped of honour,

And he makes a fool of judges.

Job 12:18 ‫מוּסַ֣ר מְלָכִ֣ים פִּתֵּ֑חַ וַיֶּאְסֹ֥ר אֵ֝ז֗וֹר בְּמָתְנֵיהֶֽם׃‬

He dissolves the punishment inflicted by kings,

And he binds a girdle around their waist.

dissolves the punishment inflicted by kings: AV differs (looseth the bond of kings). MT= looses the chastisement of kings, which would often involve bonds, which is what the consonantal ↴
Job 12:19 ‫מוֹלִ֣יךְ כֹּהֲנִ֣ים שׁוֹלָ֑ל וְאֵֽתָנִ֣ים יְסַלֵּֽף׃‬

He leads priests stripped of office,

And he overthrows the mighty.

↳ text would more naturally be taken as (מוֹסֵר, root אָסַר). A subjective genitive (the kings chastise / bind others).
Job 12:20 ‫מֵסִ֣יר שָׂ֭פָה לְנֶאֱמָנִ֑ים וְטַ֖עַם זְקֵנִ֣ים יִקָּֽח׃‬

He removes the eloquence of the confident orator,

And he deposes the discernment of the elders.

eloquence ← lip.
Job 12:21 ‫שׁוֹפֵ֣ךְ בּ֭וּז עַל־נְדִיבִ֑ים וּמְזִ֖יחַ אֲפִיקִ֣ים רִפָּֽה׃‬

He pours contempt on dignitaries,

And he loosens the girdle of the mighty.

Job 12:22 ‫מְגַלֶּ֣ה עֲ֭מֻקוֹת מִנִּי־חֹ֑שֶׁךְ וַיֹּצֵ֖א לָא֣וֹר צַלְמָֽוֶת׃‬

He uncovers deep things from darkness,

And he brings the shadow of death into the light.

Job 12:23 ‫מַשְׂגִּ֣יא לַ֭גּוֹיִם וַֽיְאַבְּדֵ֑ם שֹׁטֵ֥חַ לַ֝גּוֹיִ֗ם וַיַּנְחֵֽם׃‬

He makes nations great

Then brings them to ruin;

He lets nations expand

Then leads them back.

Job 12:24 ‫מֵסִ֗יר לֵ֭ב רָאשֵׁ֣י עַם־הָאָ֑רֶץ וַ֝יַּתְעֵ֗ם בְּתֹ֣הוּ לֹא־דָֽרֶךְ׃‬

He removes reason from the chiefs of the various peoples of the earth

And causes them to wander in desolation,

Where there is no thoroughfare.

reason ← heart.

chiefs ← heads.
Job 12:25 ‫יְמַֽשְׁשׁוּ־חֹ֥שֶׁךְ וְלֹא־א֑וֹר וַ֝יַּתְעֵ֗ם כַּשִּׁכּֽוֹר׃‬

They grope in the dark,

Where there is no light,

And he causes them to wander

Like a drunkard.

where: wider use of the vav.

Compare the verse to Isa 19:14.
Job 13:1 ‫הֶן־כֹּ֭ל רָאֲתָ֣ה עֵינִ֑י שָֽׁמְעָ֥ה אָ֝זְנִ֗י וַתָּ֥בֶן לָֽהּ׃‬

Behold, my eye has seen everything;

My ear has heard it

And understood it.

Job 13:2 ‫כְּֽ֭דַעְתְּכֶם יָדַ֣עְתִּי גַם־אָ֑נִי לֹא־נֹפֵ֖ל אָנֹכִ֣י מִכֶּֽם׃‬

What you know,

I know too.

I am not inferior to you.

you (2x): still plural, as in Job 12:2.

inferior: see Job 12:3.
Job 13:3 ‫אוּלָ֗ם אֲ֭נִי אֶל־שַׁדַּ֣י אֲדַבֵּ֑ר וְהוֹכֵ֖חַ אֶל־אֵ֣ל אֶחְפָּֽץ׃‬

But I would like to speak to the Almighty,

And I desire to reason with God.

Job 13:4 ‫וְֽאוּלָ֗ם אַתֶּ֥ם טֹֽפְלֵי־שָׁ֑קֶר רֹפְאֵ֖י אֱלִ֣ל כֻּלְּכֶֽם׃‬

But you are fabricators of falsehood;

You are all physicians of no value.

Job 13:5 ‫מִֽי־יִ֭תֵּן הַחֲרֵ֣שׁ תַּחֲרִישׁ֑וּן וּתְהִ֖י לָכֶ֣ם לְחָכְמָֽה׃‬

If only you would altogether keep silence;

For it would be wisdom to you.

if only ← who will give.

altogether keep silence: infinitive absolute.
Job 13:6 ‫שִׁמְעוּ־נָ֥א תוֹכַחְתִּ֑י וְרִב֖וֹת שְׂפָתַ֣י הַקְשִֽׁיבוּ׃‬

Hear, I pray, my reasoning,

And hearken to the contentions of my lips.

Job 13:7 ‫הַ֭לְאֵל תְּדַבְּר֣וּ עַוְלָ֑ה וְ֝ל֗וֹ תְּֽדַבְּר֥וּ רְמִיָּֽה׃‬

Will you speak iniquitously to God ?

And speak deceitfully to him?

iniquitously ... deceitfully ← iniquity ... deceit.
Job 13:8 ‫הֲפָנָ֥יו תִּשָּׂא֑וּן אִם־לָאֵ֥ל תְּרִיבֽוּן׃‬

Will you show partiality with him?

Or contend with God?

Job 13:9 ‫הֲ֭טוֹב כִּֽי־יַחְקֹ֣ר אֶתְכֶ֑ם אִם־כְּהָתֵ֥ל בֶּ֝אֱנ֗וֹשׁ תְּהָתֵ֥לּוּ בֽוֹ׃‬

Is it right that he should investigate you?

Or will you mock him as one mocks a man?

Job 13:10 ‫הוֹכֵ֣חַ יוֹכִ֣יחַ אֶתְכֶ֑ם אִם־בַּ֝סֵּ֗תֶר פָּנִ֥ים תִּשָּׂאֽוּן׃‬

He will certainly reprove you

If you secretly show partiality.

he will certainly reprove: infinitive absolute.
Job 13:11 ‫הֲלֹ֣א שְׂ֭אֵתוֹ תְּבַעֵ֣ת אֶתְכֶ֑ם וּ֝פַחְדּ֗וֹ יִפֹּ֥ל עֲלֵיכֶֽם׃‬

Will not his exalted position alarm you

And his fear fall upon you?

his fear: an objective genitive (fearing him).
Job 13:12 ‫זִֽ֭כְרֹנֵיכֶם מִשְׁלֵי־אֵ֑פֶר לְגַבֵּי־חֹ֝֗מֶר גַּבֵּיכֶֽם׃‬

Your weighty sayings are proverbs of ashes;

Your defences are defences of clay.

weighty sayings ← memorials.

defences (2x): AV differs (bodies).
Job 13:13 ‫הַחֲרִ֣ישׁוּ מִ֭מֶּנִּי וַאֲדַבְּרָה־אָ֑נִי וְיַעֲבֹ֖ר עָלַ֣י מָֽה׃‬

Stop talking to me,

And I will speak.

Then let come what may

Come on me.

stop talking to me ← be silent from me.
Job 13:14 ‫עַל־מָ֤ה ׀ אֶשָּׂ֣א בְשָׂרִ֣י בְשִׁנָּ֑י וְ֝נַפְשִׁ֗י אָשִׂ֥ים בְּכַפִּֽי׃‬

Why do I take my flesh in my teeth

And put my life in my hands?

take my flesh in my teeth: an English idiom is run the gauntlet.

life ← soul.

hands ← hand.
Job 13:15 ‫הֵ֣ן יִ֭קְטְלֵנִי *לא **ל֣וֹ אֲיַחֵ֑ל אַךְ־דְּ֝רָכַ֗י אֶל־פָּנָ֥יו אוֹכִֽיחַ׃‬

{K: Look, I do not expect him to kill me} [Q: Even if he kills me, I will put my hope in him],

But I will contend for my ways before him.

On the ketiv, see Ex 21:8, but here the ketiv makes sense. AV differs, reading the qeré.
Job 13:16 ‫גַּם־הוּא־לִ֥י לִֽישׁוּעָ֑ה כִּי־לֹ֥א לְ֝פָנָ֗יו חָנֵ֥ף יָבֽוֹא׃‬

He is also my salvation,

For no profane person can come into his presence.

profane: see Job 8:13.
Job 13:17 ‫שִׁמְע֣וּ שָׁ֭מוֹעַ מִלָּתִ֑י וְ֝אַֽחֲוָתִ֗י בְּאָזְנֵיכֶֽם׃‬

Hear my words attentively,

And heed my arguments in your ears.

hear ... attentively: infinitive absolute.

words ... arguments ← word ... argument.
Job 13:18 ‫הִנֵּה־נָ֭א עָרַ֣כְתִּי מִשְׁפָּ֑ט יָ֝דַ֗עְתִּי כִּֽי־אֲנִ֥י אֶצְדָּֽק׃‬

Look, I pray, I have set out my case;

I know I shall be justified.”

case ← judgment.
Job 13:19 ‫מִי־ה֭וּא יָרִ֣יב עִמָּדִ֑י כִּֽי־עַתָּ֖ה אַחֲרִ֣ישׁ וְאֶגְוָֽע׃‬

“Who is it who would contend with me?

For if I now keep silence,

I will expire.

Job addresses God.
Job 13:20 ‫אַךְ־שְׁ֭תַּיִם אַל־תַּ֣עַשׂ עִמָּדִ֑י אָ֥ז מִ֝פָּנֶ֗יךָ לֹ֣א אֶסָּתֵֽר׃‬

But avoid doing two things to me,

Then I need not be hidden from your presence.

to me ← with me.
Job 13:21 ‫כַּ֭פְּךָ מֵעָלַ֣י הַרְחַ֑ק וְ֝אֵ֥מָתְךָ֗ אַֽל־תְּבַעֲתַֽנִּי׃‬

Remove your hand from me,

And do not alarm me with your foreboding.

do not alarm me with your foreboding: or do not let your foreboding alarm me. AV differs, reading the alternative.

foreboding ← dread.
Job 13:22 ‫וּ֭קְרָא וְאָנֹכִ֣י אֶֽעֱנֶ֑ה אֽוֹ־אֲ֝דַבֵּ֗ר וַהֲשִׁיבֵֽנִי׃‬

Then call, and I will answer,

Or I will speak, and you can answer me.

Job 13:23 ‫כַּמָּ֣ה לִ֭י עֲוֺנ֣וֹת וְחַטָּא֑וֹת פִּֽשְׁעִ֥י וְ֝חַטָּאתִ֗י הֹדִיעֵֽנִי׃‬

How many iniquities and sins have I committed?

Make my transgression and my sin known to me.

Job 13:24 ‫לָֽמָּה־פָנֶ֥יךָ תַסְתִּ֑יר וְתַחְשְׁבֵ֖נִי לְאוֹיֵ֣ב לָֽךְ׃‬

Why do you hide your face

And consider me to be your enemy?

Job 13:25 ‫הֶעָלֶ֣ה נִדָּ֣ף תַּעֲר֑וֹץ וְאֶת־קַ֖שׁ יָבֵ֣שׁ תִּרְדֹּֽף׃‬

Will you put fear into a leaf

That is driven about?

Or will you pursue dry chaff?

Job 13:26 ‫כִּֽי־תִכְתֹּ֣ב עָלַ֣י מְרֹר֑וֹת וְ֝תוֹרִישֵׁ֗נִי עֲוֺנ֥וֹת נְעוּרָֽי׃‬

For you indict me with bitter things,

And you load on me the iniquities of my youth,

indict me with bitter things ← write bitter things against me.

load ← make possess.
Job 13:27 ‫וְתָ֘שֵׂ֤ם בַּסַּ֨ד ׀ רַגְלַ֗י וְתִשְׁמ֥וֹר כָּל־אָרְחוֹתָ֑י עַל־שָׁרְשֵׁ֥י רַ֝גְלַ֗י תִּתְחַקֶּֽה׃‬

Putting my feet in the stocks,

And watching all my paths closely,

And imprinting a mark on the soles of my feet,

Job 13:28 ‫וְ֭הוּא כְּרָקָ֣ב יִבְלֶ֑ה כְּ֝בֶ֗גֶד אֲכָ֣לוֹ עָֽשׁ׃‬

Each of which wastes away like rot,

As a moth eats a garment.

Job 14:1 ‫אָ֭דָם יְל֣וּד אִשָּׁ֑ה קְצַ֥ר יָ֝מִ֗ים וּֽשְׂבַֽע־רֹֽגֶז׃‬

Man, born of woman, is of few days,

And has his fill of trouble.

few ← short.

has his fill ← (is) satiated of.
Job 14:2 ‫כְּצִ֣יץ יָ֭צָא וַיִּמָּ֑ל וַיִּבְרַ֥ח כַּ֝צֵּ֗ל וְלֹ֣א יַעֲמֽוֹד׃‬

He is as a flower that comes out

Then is cut off.

And he flees as a shadow

And does not stand in place.

Job 14:3 ‫אַף־עַל־זֶ֭ה פָּקַ֣חְתָּ עֵינֶ֑ךָ וְאֹ֘תִ֤י תָבִ֖יא בְמִשְׁפָּ֣ט עִמָּֽךְ׃‬

Nevertheless, you open your eyes on such a one

And bring me to judgment with you.

Job 14:4 ‫מִֽי־יִתֵּ֣ן טָ֭הוֹר מִטָּמֵ֗א לֹ֣א אֶחָֽד׃‬

Who can make a clean thing

From an unclean one?

– No-one.

make ← give, put, but also make.
Job 14:5 ‫אִ֥ם חֲרוּצִ֨ים ׀ יָמָ֗יו מִֽסְפַּר־חֳדָשָׁ֥יו אִתָּ֑ךְ *חקו **חֻקָּ֥יו עָ֝שִׂ֗יתָ וְלֹ֣א יַעֲבֽוֹר׃‬

If his days are determined,

If the number of his months is your decision,

If you have appointed {K: his limit} [Q: his limits],

Then he cannot exceed them.

your decisionwith you.

limit (ketiv) ... limits (qeré)statute (ketiv) ... statutes (qeré).

exceed ← cross over.
Job 14:6 ‫שְׁעֵ֣ה מֵעָלָ֣יו וְיֶחְדָּ֑ל עַד־יִ֝רְצֶ֗ה כְּשָׂכִ֥יר יוֹמֽוֹ׃‬

Regard him with favour,

Rather than being against him,

So that he may rest

So that he may take pleasure in his day,

As a hired man does.

rest ← cease.

so that he may take pleasure ← up to / until he takes pleasure, but purposive; compare 1 Ki 6:22.
Job 14:7 ‫כִּ֤י יֵ֥שׁ לָעֵ֗ץ תִּ֫קְוָ֥ה אִֽם־יִ֭כָּרֵת וְע֣וֹד יַחֲלִ֑יף וְ֝יֹֽנַקְתּ֗וֹ לֹ֣א תֶחְדָּֽל׃‬

For a tree has hope,

If it is cut down,

That it may sprout again

And that its sucker will not fail,

Job 14:8 ‫אִם־יַזְקִ֣ין בָּאָ֣רֶץ שָׁרְשׁ֑וֹ וּ֝בֶעָפָ֗ר יָמ֥וּת גִּזְעֽוֹ׃‬

Even if its root in the ground has grown old,

And its felled trunk dies on the ground.

on the ground ← in the dust, but often ground; compare Job 5:6, Job 7:5.
Job 14:9 ‫מֵרֵ֣יחַ מַ֣יִם יַפְרִ֑חַ וְעָשָׂ֖ה קָצִ֣יר כְּמוֹ־נָֽטַע׃‬

From the smell of water it blossoms

And produces a harvest like a new plant.

Job 14:10 ‫וְגֶ֣בֶר יָ֭מוּת וַֽיֶּחֱלָ֑שׁ וַיִּגְוַ֖ע אָדָ֣ם וְאַיּֽוֹ׃‬

But a man dies and loses vitality;

A human being expires,

Then where is he?

Job 14:11 ‫אָֽזְלוּ־מַ֭יִם מִנִּי־יָ֑ם וְ֝נָהָ֗ר יֶחֱרַ֥ב וְיָבֵֽשׁ׃‬

As the water from the sea recedes,

And a river becomes desolate and dry,

Job 14:12 ‫וְאִ֥ישׁ שָׁכַ֗ב וְֽלֹא־יָ֫ק֥וּם עַד־בִּלְתִּ֣י שָׁ֭מַיִם לֹ֣א יָקִ֑יצוּ וְלֹֽא־יֵ֝עֹ֗רוּ מִשְּׁנָתָֽם׃‬

So a man lies down

And does not rise again

Until the heavens are no more.

They do not awaken,

And they do not rise from their sleep.

Job 14:13 ‫מִ֤י יִתֵּ֨ן ׀ בִּשְׁא֬וֹל תַּצְפִּנֵ֗נִי תַּ֭סְתִּירֵנִי עַד־שׁ֣וּב אַפֶּ֑ךָ תָּ֤שִׁ֥ית לִ֖י חֹ֣ק וְתִזְכְּרֵֽנִי׃‬

If only you would hide me in the underworld

And conceal me until your anger abates

And appoint me a time

And then remember me.

if only ← who will give.

underworld: or grave.

time ← statute, or limit.
Job 14:14 ‫אִם־יָמ֥וּת גֶּ֗בֶר הֲיִ֫חְיֶ֥ה כָּל־יְמֵ֣י צְבָאִ֣י אֲיַחֵ֑ל עַד־בּ֝֗וֹא חֲלִיפָתִֽי׃‬

If a man dies,

Will he live again?

I will wait all the days of my struggle

For my revival to come.

for my revival ← up to my revival.
Job 14:15 ‫תִּ֭קְרָא וְאָנֹכִ֣י אֶֽעֱנֶ֑ךָּ לְֽמַעֲשֵׂ֖ה יָדֶ֣יךָ תִכְסֹֽף׃‬

You will call,

And I will answer you.

You will yearn for the work of your hands.

Job 14:16 ‫כִּֽי־עַ֭תָּה צְעָדַ֣י תִּסְפּ֑וֹר לֹֽא־תִ֝שְׁמ֗וֹר עַל־חַטָּאתִֽי׃‬

For now you can count my steps.

Are you not on guard concerning my sin?

are you not: there is no interrogative particle; other interpretations are possible.
Job 14:17 ‫חָתֻ֣ם בִּצְר֣וֹר פִּשְׁעִ֑י וַ֝תִּטְפֹּ֗ל עַל־עֲוֺנִֽי׃‬

My transgression is sealed in a bag,

And you have sewn up my iniquity.

Job 14:18 ‫וְ֭אוּלָם הַר־נוֹפֵ֣ל יִבּ֑וֹל וְ֝צ֗וּר יֶעְתַּ֥ק מִמְּקֹמֽוֹ׃‬

But even a mountain can fall

And become waste,

And a rock can be removed from its place.

Job 14:19 ‫אֲבָנִ֤ים ׀ שָׁ֥חֲקוּ מַ֗יִם תִּשְׁטֹֽף־סְפִיחֶ֥יהָ עֲפַר־אָ֑רֶץ וְתִקְוַ֖ת אֱנ֣וֹשׁ הֶאֱבַֽדְתָּ׃‬

Water wears down stones;

You sweep away with a flood the soil of the land,

And you destroy the hope of mortal man.

wears down: in a Hebrew “OVS” (object-verb-subject) sentence.

with a flood ← (with) its (the land's) overflowings.

soil ← dust.
Job 14:20 ‫תִּתְקְפֵ֣הוּ לָ֭נֶצַח וַֽיַּהֲלֹ֑ךְ מְשַׁנֶּ֥ה פָ֝נָ֗יו וַֽתְּשַׁלְּחֵֽהוּ׃‬

You overpower him for perpetuity,

And he passes away.

You change his appearance

And dismiss him.

passes away ← goes; departs.
Job 14:21 ‫יִכְבְּד֣וּ בָ֭נָיו וְלֹ֣א יֵדָ֑ע וְ֝יִצְעֲר֗וּ וְֽלֹא־יָבִ֥ין לָֽמוֹ׃‬

His sons may acquire honour,

But he would not know,

Or they could be disparaged,

But he would not be aware of their situation.

Job 14:22 ‫אַךְ־בְּ֭שָׂרוֹ עָלָ֣יו יִכְאָ֑ב וְ֝נַפְשׁ֗וֹ עָלָ֥יו תֶּאֱבָֽל׃ פ‬

But meanwhile his flesh on him suffers pain,

And his inner self is in mourning.”

his inner self ← his soul on him.
Job 15:1 ‫וַ֭יַּעַן אֱלִיפַ֥ז הַֽתֵּימָנִ֗י וַיֹּאמַֽר׃‬ Then Eliphaz the Temanite answered and said,
Job 15:2 ‫הֶֽחָכָ֗ם יַעֲנֶ֥ה דַֽעַת־ר֑וּחַ וִֽימַלֵּ֖א קָדִ֣ים בִּטְנֽוֹ׃‬

“Does a wise man answer with knowledge which is nothing but hot air?

– Or does he fill his belly with the east wind?

hot air ← wind, i.e. pretentious talk.
Job 15:3 ‫הוֹכֵ֣חַ בְּ֭דָבָר לֹ֣א יִסְכּ֑וֹן וּ֝מִלִּ֗ים לֹא־יוֹעִ֥יל בָּֽם׃‬

Does one argue with a word that is of no avail?

– Or with speeches in which there is no benefit?

Job 15:4 ‫אַף־אַ֭תָּה תָּפֵ֣ר יִרְאָ֑ה וְתִגְרַ֥ע שִׂ֝יחָ֗ה לִפְנֵי־אֵֽל׃‬

But you would even nullify fear

And minimize the dignity of colloquy with God.

dignity of colloquy ← (pious) meditation.
Job 15:5 ‫כִּ֤י יְאַלֵּ֣ף עֲוֺנְךָ֣ פִ֑יךָ וְ֝תִבְחַ֗ר לְשׁ֣וֹן עֲרוּמִֽים׃‬

For your mouth spells out your iniquity,

And you choose crafty language.

spells out: in a Hebrew “OVS” (object-verb-subject) sentence.

crafty language ← a tongue of craftiness, a Hebraic genitive.
Job 15:6 ‫יַרְשִֽׁיעֲךָ֣ פִ֣יךָ וְלֹא־אָ֑נִי וּ֝שְׂפָתֶ֗יךָ יַעֲנוּ־בָֽךְ׃‬

Your mouth condemns you

Not I;

And your lips testify against you.

not I ← and not I.
Job 15:7 ‫הֲרִאישׁ֣וֹן אָ֭דָם תִּוָּלֵ֑ד וְלִפְנֵ֖י גְבָע֣וֹת חוֹלָֽלְתָּ׃‬

Are you the first man to be born?

Were you brought forth before the hills?

Job 15:8 ‫הַבְס֣וֹד אֱל֣וֹהַ תִּשְׁמָ֑ע וְתִגְרַ֖ע אֵלֶ֣יךָ חָכְמָֽה׃‬

Have you heard the secret counsel of God?

Do you reserve wisdom to yourself?

Job 15:9 ‫מַה־יָּ֭דַעְתָּ וְלֹ֣א נֵדָ֑ע תָּ֝בִ֗ין וְֽלֹא־עִמָּ֥נוּ הֽוּא׃‬

What do you know

That we don't know?

What do you understand

That we are not aware of?

that we are not aware of ← and (it is) not with us.
Job 15:10 ‫גַּם־שָׂ֣ב גַּם־יָשִׁ֣ישׁ בָּ֑נוּ כַּבִּ֖יר מֵאָבִ֣יךָ יָמִֽים׃‬

Amongst us are the elderly and aged,

Older than your father in days.

Job 15:11 ‫הַמְעַ֣ט מִ֭מְּךָ תַּנְחֻמ֣וֹת אֵ֑ל וְ֝דָבָ֗ר לָאַ֥ט עִמָּֽךְ׃‬

Are the consolations of God too small a matter for you?

And are you indifferent to the matter?

are you indifferent to the matter ← (is) the matter at ease with you, from root אטט. Alternatively, derive from the verb לָאַט, giving does anything cover (itself) with you, i.e. do you have hidden secrets.
Job 15:12 ‫מַה־יִּקָּחֲךָ֥ לִבֶּ֑ךָ וּֽמַה־יִּרְזְמ֥וּן עֵינֶֽיךָ׃‬

How come your heart is carrying you away?

How come your eyes are winking?

winking: indicative of something underhand.
Job 15:13 ‫כִּֽי־תָשִׁ֣יב אֶל־אֵ֣ל רוּחֶ֑ךָ וְהֹצֵ֖אתָ מִפִּ֣יךָ מִלִּֽין׃‬

For you are turning your spirit against God

When you bring such words out of your mouth.

words: in an Aramaic form.
Job 15:14 ‫מָֽה־אֱנ֥וֹשׁ כִּֽי־יִזְכֶּ֑ה וְכִֽי־יִ֝צְדַּ֗ק יְל֣וּד אִשָּֽׁה׃‬

What is man

That he should be pure,

And that he who is born of a woman

Should be just?

Job 15:15 ‫הֵ֣ן *בקדשו **בִּ֭קְדֹשָׁיו לֹ֣א יַאֲמִ֑ין וְ֝שָׁמַ֗יִם לֹא־זַכּ֥וּ בְעֵינָֽיו׃‬

Behold, he does not put trust in his holy {Q: ones} [K: one],

And the heavens are not pure in his sight.

the ketiv could be regarded as a scriptio defectiva spelling of the qeré.
Job 15:16 ‫אַ֭ף כִּֽי־נִתְעָ֥ב וְֽנֶאֱלָ֑ח אִישׁ־שֹׁתֶ֖ה כַמַּ֣יִם עַוְלָֽה׃‬

How much less a man abhorred and corrupt

– A man who drinks iniquity like water.

Job 15:17 ‫אֲחַוְךָ֥ שְֽׁמַֽע־לִ֑י וְזֶֽה־חָ֝זִ֗יתִי וַאֲסַפֵּֽרָה׃‬

I will explain it to you;

Listen to me,

And I will declare

What I have seen

Job 15:18 ‫אֲשֶׁר־חֲכָמִ֥ים יַגִּ֑ידוּ וְלֹ֥א כִֽ֝חֲד֗וּ מֵאֲבוֹתָֽם׃‬

Things which wise men have told of

And have not hidden,

Handed down from their forefathers.

forefathers ← fathers.
Job 15:19 ‫לָהֶ֣ם לְ֭בַדָּם נִתְּנָ֣ה הָאָ֑רֶץ וְלֹא־עָ֖בַר זָ֣ר בְּתוֹכָֽם׃‬

To them alone the land was given,

And no stranger crossed through their midst.

Job 15:20 ‫כָּל־יְמֵ֣י רָ֭שָׁע ה֣וּא מִתְחוֹלֵ֑ל וּמִסְפַּ֥ר שָׁ֝נִ֗ים נִצְפְּנ֥וּ לֶעָרִֽיץ׃‬

A wicked person writhes in discomfort all his days,

And the number of years of a violent man is hidden.

a wicked person writhes in discomfort all his days ← in all the days of a wicked (person), he writhes in discomfort.
Job 15:21 ‫קוֹל־פְּחָדִ֥ים בְּאָזְנָ֑יו בַּ֝שָּׁל֗וֹם שׁוֹדֵ֥ד יְבוֹאֶֽנּוּ׃‬

A fearful sound is in his ears;

In a peaceful time the plunderer will come upon him.

a fearful sound ← a sound of fears, a Hebraic genitive.
Job 15:22 ‫לֹא־יַאֲמִ֣ין שׁ֭וּב מִנִּי־חֹ֑שֶׁךְ *וצפו **וְצָפ֖וּי ה֣וּא אֱלֵי־חָֽרֶב׃‬

He does not believe he will return from darkness,

And he expects

To be destined for the sword.

he expects: (ketiv)they expect; avoidance of the passive. The qeréit (is) expected.
Job 15:23 ‫נֹ֘דֵ֤ד ה֣וּא לַלֶּ֣חֶם אַיֵּ֑ה יָדַ֓ע ׀ כִּֽי־נָכ֖וֹן בְּיָד֣וֹ יֽוֹם־חֹֽשֶׁךְ׃‬

He wanders around looking for where there is food;

He knows that the day of darkness is at hand.

at hand ← ready in his (God's?) hand.
Job 15:24 ‫יְֽ֭בַעֲתֻהוּ צַ֣ר וּמְצוּקָ֑ה תִּ֝תְקְפֵ֗הוּ כְּמֶ֤לֶךְ ׀ עָתִ֬יד לַכִּידֽוֹר׃‬

Adversity and distress terrify him;

They prevail over him like a king ready for battle.

Job 15:25 ‫כִּֽי־נָטָ֣ה אֶל־אֵ֣ל יָד֑וֹ וְאֶל־שַׁ֝דַּ֗י יִתְגַּבָּֽר׃‬

For he stretches out his hand against God,

And he behaves insolently against the Almighty.

Job 15:26 ‫יָר֣וּץ אֵלָ֣יו בְּצַוָּ֑אר בַּ֝עֲבִ֗י גַּבֵּ֥י מָֽגִנָּֽיו׃‬

He runs headlong against him

With thick bosses on his shields.

he ... against him: i.e. the man ... against God, continuing in the vein of the previous verse. AV differs, taking the sense as God ... against him, as seen by the non-capitalization of him.

headlong ← in the neck.

thick bosses ← density of bosses.
Job 15:27 ‫כִּֽי־כִסָּ֣ה פָנָ֣יו בְּחֶלְבּ֑וֹ וַיַּ֖עַשׂ פִּימָ֣ה עֲלֵי־כָֽסֶל׃‬

For he has covered his face with fatness

And put on flab around his waist.

Job 15:28 ‫וַיִּשְׁכּ֤וֹן ׀ עָ֘רִ֤ים נִכְחָד֗וֹת בָּ֭תִּים לֹא־יֵ֣שְׁבוּ לָ֑מוֹ אֲשֶׁ֖ר הִתְעַתְּד֣וּ לְגַלִּֽים׃‬

So he will dwell in desolate cities,

Where houses are uninhabitable

– Which are on the point of becoming heaps of ruins.

uninhabitable ← they don't live (there) for themselves.
Job 15:29 ‫לֹֽא־יֶ֭עְשַׁר וְלֹא־יָק֣וּם חֵיל֑וֹ וְלֹֽא־יִטֶּ֖ה לָאָ֣רֶץ מִנְלָֽם׃‬

He will not become rich,

And his wealth will not endure.

So riches of such will not increase on earth.

of such ← of them, but there is no concordant antecedent to them.

increase: AV differs (he shall prolong).
Job 15:30 ‫לֹֽא־יָס֨וּר ׀ מִנִּי־חֹ֗שֶׁךְ יֹֽ֭נַקְתּוֹ תְּיַבֵּ֣שׁ שַׁלְהָ֑בֶת וְ֝יָס֗וּר בְּר֣וּחַ פִּֽיו׃‬

He does not depart from darkness.

A flame dries up his sucker,

And by the breath of his mouth he is removed.

dries up: in a Hebrew “OVS” (object-verb-subject) sentence.

sucker: i.e. his last vestige of vitality, from the analogy of the tree in Job 14:7.

is removed: qal for passive of hiphil; compare 1 Sam 2:20, Isa 10:34.
Job 15:31 ‫אַל־יַאֲמֵ֣ן *בשו **בַּשָּׁ֣יו נִתְעָ֑ה כִּי־שָׁ֝֗וְא תִּהְיֶ֥ה תְמוּרָתֽוֹ׃‬

Let him who has been deceived not trust in vanity,

For vanity will be his recompense.

in vanity: both ketiv and qeré are variant spellings of בַּשָּׁוְא.
Job 15:32 ‫בְּֽלֹא־י֭וֹמוֹ תִּמָּלֵ֑א וְ֝כִפָּת֗וֹ לֹ֣א רַעֲנָֽנָה׃‬

His time will be fulfilled before it is due,

And his branch will not be green.

it is due ← his day.
Job 15:33 ‫יַחְמֹ֣ס כַּגֶּ֣פֶן בִּסְר֑וֹ וְיַשְׁלֵ֥ךְ כַּ֝זַּ֗יִת נִצָּתֽוֹ׃‬

He will be as a vine that shakes off its unripened grapes

And as an olive tree that casts off its blossom,

The picture is of plants that fail to produce a crop, e.g. because of an unseasonal cold snap.
Job 15:34 ‫כִּֽי־עֲדַ֣ת חָנֵ֣ף גַּלְמ֑וּד וְ֝אֵ֗שׁ אָכְלָ֥ה אָֽהֳלֵי־שֹֽׁחַד׃‬

For the congregation of the profane is fruitless,

And fire will consume the tents of the corrupt.

profane: see Job 8:13.

fruitless ← sterile.

corrupt ← bribe.
Job 15:35 ‫הָרֹ֣ה עָ֭מָל וְיָ֣לֹד אָ֑וֶן וּ֝בִטְנָ֗ם תָּכִ֥ין מִרְמָֽה׃ ס‬

They conceive sorrow

And give birth to worthlessness,

And their inner workings prepare deceit.”

they conceive ... give birth: both an infinitive absolute in the role of a finite verb. Compare Isa 59:4.

inner workings ← belly or womb.
Job 16:1 ‫וַיַּ֥עַן אִיּ֗וֹב וַיֹּאמַֽר׃‬ Then Job answered and said,
Job 16:2 ‫שָׁמַ֣עְתִּי כְאֵ֣לֶּה רַבּ֑וֹת מְנַחֲמֵ֖י עָמָ֣ל כֻּלְּכֶֽם׃‬

“I have heard many arguments like these;

You are all wearisome comforters.

Job 16:3 ‫הֲקֵ֥ץ לְדִבְרֵי־ר֑וּחַ א֥וֹ מַה־יַּ֝מְרִֽיצְךָ֗ כִּ֣י תַעֲנֶֽה׃‬

Is there an end to vain words?

Or what has stimulated you to answer like that?

vain ← wind.
Job 16:4 ‫גַּ֤ם ׀ אָנֹכִי֮ כָּכֶ֪ם אֲדַ֫בֵּ֥רָה ל֤וּ־יֵ֪שׁ נַפְשְׁכֶ֡ם תַּ֤חַת נַפְשִׁ֗י אַחְבִּ֣ירָה עֲלֵיכֶ֣ם בְּמִלִּ֑ים וְאָנִ֥יעָה עֲ֝לֵיכֶ֗ם בְּמ֣וֹ רֹאשִֽׁי׃‬

I too could speak like you,

If only your well-being was in place of my predicament.

I could heap up words against you,

And I could shake my head at you.

well-being ... predicament ← soul ... soul.

heap up ← join. Perhaps compose.
Job 16:5 ‫אֲאַמִּצְכֶ֥ם בְּמוֹ־פִ֑י וְנִ֖יד שְׂפָתַ֣י יַחְשֹֽׂךְ׃‬

Or I could strengthen you with my speech,

Or the utterance of my lips could give you relief.

speech ← mouth.

utterance ← moving.
Job 16:6 ‫אִֽם־אֲ֭דַבְּרָה לֹא־יֵחָשֵׂ֣ךְ כְּאֵבִ֑י וְ֝אַחְדְּלָ֗ה מַה־מִנִּ֥י יַהֲלֹֽךְ׃‬

But when I speak,

My pain is not relieved,

And if I forbear,

In what way does my pain go away?”

go away ← go from me.
Job 16:7 ‫אַךְ־עַתָּ֥ה הֶלְאָ֑נִי הֲ֝שִׁמּ֗וֹתָ כָּל־עֲדָתִֽי׃‬

“But even now it is distressing me.

You have desolated all my family circle.

Job speaks to God.

you: singular, referring to God, unless Job has understood Satan's role.

family circle ← congregation.
Job 16:8 ‫וַֽ֭תִּקְמְטֵנִי לְעֵ֣ד הָיָ֑ה וַיָּ֥קָם בִּ֥י כַ֝חֲשִׁ֗י בְּפָנַ֥י יַעֲנֶֽה׃‬

And you have made my face wrinkly;

It is a witness.

And the fact that I have become very lean

Testifies to my face.”

made ... wrinkly: as in the Talmud; or seized.

the fact that I have become very lean ← my leanness has risen on me.
Job 16:9 ‫אַפּ֤וֹ טָרַ֨ף ׀ וַֽיִּשְׂטְמֵ֗נִי חָרַ֣ק עָלַ֣י בְּשִׁנָּ֑יו צָרִ֓י ׀ יִלְט֖וֹשׁ עֵינָ֣יו לִֽי׃‬

In his wrath he tears me to pieces

And persecutes me.

He gnashes his teeth against me;

My adversary sharpens his eyes against me.

Job speaks to his friends.
Job 16:10 ‫פָּעֲר֬וּ עָלַ֨י ׀ בְּפִיהֶ֗ם בְּ֭חֶרְפָּה הִכּ֣וּ לְחָיָ֑י יַ֝֗חַד עָלַ֥י יִתְמַלָּאֽוּן׃‬

People gape at me with their mouths;

They strike my cheek in reproach.

They act completely wantonly.

act completely wantonly ← altogether fill themselves.
Job 16:11 ‫יַסְגִּירֵ֣נִי אֵ֭ל אֶ֣ל עֲוִ֑יל וְעַל־יְדֵ֖י רְשָׁעִ֣ים יִרְטֵֽנִי׃‬

God has delivered me to the evil one,

And he has thrown me into the hands of the wicked.

the wicked: plural.
Job 16:12 ‫שָׁ֘לֵ֤ו הָיִ֨יתִי ׀ וַֽיְפַרְפְּרֵ֗נִי וְאָחַ֣ז בְּ֭עָרְפִּי וַֽיְפַצְפְּצֵ֑נִי וַיְקִימֵ֥נִי ל֝֗וֹ לְמַטָּרָֽה׃‬

I was at ease,

But he shook me to pieces,

And he took me by the scruff of the neck

And dashed me to smithereens

And set me up as his target.

me ... the neck ← my neck.
Job 16:13 ‫יָ֘סֹ֤בּוּ עָלַ֨י ׀ רַבָּ֗יו יְפַלַּ֣ח כִּ֭לְיוֹתַי וְלֹ֣א יַחְמ֑וֹל יִשְׁפֹּ֥ךְ לָ֝אָ֗רֶץ מְרֵרָֽתִי׃‬

His archers surround me;

He cleaves my kidneys apart

And does not spare.

He sheds my gall on the ground.

Job 16:14 ‫יִפְרְצֵ֣נִי פֶ֭רֶץ עַל־פְּנֵי־פָ֑רֶץ יָרֻ֖ץ עָלַ֣י כְּגִבּֽוֹר׃‬

He breaks me with rupture upon rupture;

He runs at me like a warrior.

breaks ← ruptures.
Job 16:15 ‫שַׂ֣ק תָּ֭פַרְתִּי עֲלֵ֣י גִלְדִּ֑י וְעֹלַ֖לְתִּי בֶעָפָ֣ר קַרְנִֽי׃‬

I have sewn sackcloth around my skin;

I have to roll my dignity in the dust.

dignity ← horn.
Job 16:16 ‫פָּנַ֣י *חמרמרה **חֳ֭מַרְמְרוּ מִנִּי־בֶ֑כִי וְעַ֖ל עַפְעַפַּ֣י צַלְמָֽוֶת׃‬

My face has become inflamed with weeping,

And the shadow of death is on my eyelids,

has become inflamed: the ketiv is singular, which is discordant with the plural word for face.
Job 16:17 ‫עַ֭ל לֹא־חָמָ֣ס בְּכַפָּ֑י וּֽתְפִלָּתִ֥י זַכָּֽה׃‬

Not for any violence on my hands,

And my prayer was pure.

Job 16:18 ‫אֶ֭רֶץ אַל־תְּכַסִּ֣י דָמִ֑י וְֽאַל־יְהִ֥י מָ֝ק֗וֹם לְזַעֲקָתִֽי׃‬

O earth, do not cover my blood,

And let there be no room for my cry.

Job 16:19 ‫גַּם־עַ֭תָּה הִנֵּה־בַשָּׁמַ֣יִם עֵדִ֑י וְ֝שָׂהֲדִ֗י בַּמְּרוֹמִֽים׃‬

Even now, behold, my witness is in the heavens,

And he who testifies for me is in the high places.

Job 16:20 ‫מְלִיצַ֥י רֵעָ֑י אֶל־אֱ֝ל֗וֹהַ דָּלְפָ֥ה עֵינִֽי׃‬

Those who mock me are my friends;

My eye sheds tears to God

Job 16:21 ‫וְיוֹכַ֣ח לְגֶ֣בֶר עִם־אֱל֑וֹהַּ וּֽבֶן־אָדָ֥ם לְרֵעֵֽהוּ׃‬

That someone would plead on behalf of man with God,

As a son of Adam pleads on behalf of his friend.

as: wider use of the vav.
Job 16:22 ‫כִּֽי־שְׁנ֣וֹת מִסְפָּ֣ר יֶאֱתָ֑יוּ וְאֹ֖רַח לֹא־אָשׁ֣וּב אֶהֱלֹֽךְ׃‬

For when a few years have come,

I shall go the way

From which I will not return.”

Job 17:1 ‫רוּחִ֣י חֻ֭בָּלָה יָמַ֥י נִזְעָ֗כוּ קְבָרִ֥ים לִֽי׃‬

“My spirit is broken,

My days are extinguished;

The graves await me.

Job speaks to God.
Job 17:2 ‫אִם־לֹ֣א הֲ֭תֻלִים עִמָּדִ֑י וּ֝בְהַמְּרוֹתָ֗ם תָּלַ֥ן עֵינִֽי׃‬

There are certainly mockers all around me,

And my eye has to endure their provocation.

there are certainly: asseveration using an abbreviation of the oath formula of 2 Sam 19:14 (2 Sam 19:13AV).

endure ← dwell (on).
Job 17:3 ‫שִֽׂימָה־נָּ֭א עָרְבֵ֣נִי עִמָּ֑ךְ מִֽי ה֝֗וּא לְיָדִ֥י יִתָּקֵֽעַ׃‬

Arrange an agreement, I pray;

Pledge yourself on my behalf.

Who else is there

Who will shake hands with me?

yourself ← with yourself.
Job 17:4 ‫כִּֽי־לִ֭בָּם צָפַ֣נְתָּ מִּשָּׂ֑כֶל עַל־כֵּ֝֗ן לֹ֣א תְרֹמֵֽם׃‬

For you have hidden understanding from their heart;

It being so, you will not exalt them.”

hidden understanding from their heart ← hidden their heart from understanding.

it being so ← therefore.
Job 17:5 ‫לְ֭חֵלֶק יַגִּ֣יד רֵעִ֑ים וְעֵינֵ֖י בָנָ֣יו תִּכְלֶֽנָה׃‬

“When a person betrays his friends for a share of spoils,

Even his sons' eyes fail in astonishment.

Job speaks to his friends.

betrays ← tells, i.e. “tells on”. Compare Isa 3:9.

betrays ... for a share: AV differs (speaketh flattery).
Job 17:6 ‫וְֽ֭הִצִּגַנִי לִמְשֹׁ֣ל עַמִּ֑ים וְתֹ֖פֶת לְפָנִ֣ים אֶֽהְיֶֽה׃‬

But he has made me a byword of various nations,

And I have become one who is spat on.

one who is spat on ← a spitting to the face. AV differs (a tabret).
Job 17:7 ‫וַתֵּ֣כַהּ מִכַּ֣עַשׂ עֵינִ֑י וִֽיצֻרַ֖י כַּצֵּ֣ל כֻּלָּֽם׃‬

And my eye has grown dim with grief,

And all my limbs are as a shadow.

Job 17:8 ‫יָשֹׁ֣מּוּ יְשָׁרִ֣ים עַל־זֹ֑את וְ֝נָקִ֗י עַל־חָנֵ֥ף יִתְעֹרָֽר׃‬

The upright will be astonished at this,

And the innocent man will be stirred up against the profane.

profane: see Job 8:13.
Job 17:9 ‫וְיֹאחֵ֣ז צַדִּ֣יק דַּרְכּ֑וֹ וּֽטֳהָר־יָ֝דַ֗יִם יֹסִ֥יף אֹֽמֶץ׃‬

But the righteous will hold to his way,

And he who is of clean hands will increase in strength.

Job 17:10 ‫וְֽאוּלָ֗ם כֻּלָּ֣ם תָּ֭שֻׁבוּ וּבֹ֣אוּ נָ֑א וְלֹֽא־אֶמְצָ֖א בָכֶ֣ם חָכָֽם׃‬

But to all of them I say,

‘Return, and come, I pray,

For I do not find a single wise man among you.’

for: causal use of the vav.
Job 17:11 ‫יָמַ֣י עָ֭בְרוּ זִמֹּתַ֣י נִתְּק֑וּ מ֖וֹרָשֵׁ֣י לְבָבִֽי׃‬

My days are passing;

My plans are dashed,

As are the thoughts of my heart.

thoughts ← possessions.
Job 17:12 ‫לַ֭יְלָה לְי֣וֹם יָשִׂ֑ימוּ א֝֗וֹר קָר֥וֹב מִפְּנֵי־חֹֽשֶׁךְ׃‬

They appoint me night for day;

The light is short-lived because of darkness.

Job 17:13 ‫אִם־אֲ֭קַוֶּה שְׁא֣וֹל בֵּיתִ֑י בַּ֝חֹ֗שֶׁךְ רִפַּ֥דְתִּי יְצוּעָֽי׃‬

If I have a hope,

The underworld is my home.

In darkness I will spread my bed.

underworld: or grave.
Job 17:14 ‫לַשַּׁ֣חַת קָ֭רָאתִי אָ֣בִי אָ֑תָּה אִמִּ֥י וַ֝אֲחֹתִ֗י לָֽרִמָּֽה׃‬

I call out to bodily decay,

‘You are my father’,

And to the worm,

You are my mother and my sister.’

Job 17:15 ‫וְ֭אַיֵּה אֵפ֣וֹ תִקְוָתִ֑י וְ֝תִקְוָתִ֗י מִ֣י יְשׁוּרֶֽנָּה׃‬

So where then is my hope?

And as for my hope, who will see it?

Job 17:16 ‫בַּדֵּ֣י שְׁאֹ֣ל תֵּרַ֑דְנָה אִם־יַ֖חַד עַל־עָפָ֣ר נָֽחַת׃ ס‬

You will descend by the litter-poles of the underworld

When with you I find rest in the dust.”

you: feminine plural. AV differs (they). Perhaps a reference to the allegorical mother and sister.

underworld: or grave.
Job 18:1 ‫וַ֭יַּעַן בִּלְדַּ֥ד הַשֻּׁחִ֗י וַיֹּאמַֽר׃‬ Then Bildad the Shuhite answered and said,
Job 18:2 ‫עַד־אָ֤נָה ׀ תְּשִׂימ֣וּן קִנְצֵ֣י לְמִלִּ֑ין תָּ֝בִ֗ינוּ וְאַחַ֥ר נְדַבֵּֽר׃‬

“How long will it be

Before you make an end of such words?

First gain understanding,

And afterwards, we will speak.

you make ... gain understanding: plural.

words: in an Aramaic form.
Job 18:3 ‫מַ֭דּוּעַ נֶחְשַׁ֣בְנוּ כַבְּהֵמָ֑ה נִ֝טְמִ֗ינוּ בְּעֵינֵיכֶֽם׃‬

Why are we counted as cattle?

Why are we defiled in your eyes?

Job 18:4 ‫טֹֽרֵ֥ף נַפְשׁ֗וֹ בְּאַ֫פּ֥וֹ הַ֭לְמַעַנְךָ תֵּעָ֣זַב אָ֑רֶץ וְיֶעְתַּק־צ֝֗וּר מִמְּקֹמֽוֹ׃‬

You are the one who tears himself apart in his anger.

Should the earth be forsaken for your sake?

– Or a rock be removed from its place?

himself ← soul.
Job 18:5 ‫גַּ֤ם א֣וֹר רְשָׁעִ֣ים יִדְעָ֑ךְ וְלֹֽא־יִ֝גַּ֗הּ שְׁבִ֣יב אִשּֽׁוֹ׃‬

Truly, the light of the wicked will be extinguished,

And no flame of such a one's fire will shine.

the light of the wicked will be extinguished: compare Job 21:17.

such a one's ← his. The apparent antecedent, the wicked, is plural.
Job 18:6 ‫א֭וֹר חָשַׁ֣ךְ בְּאָהֳל֑וֹ וְ֝נֵר֗וֹ עָלָ֥יו יִדְעָֽךְ׃‬

Light will become darkness in his tent,

And his lamp will be extinguished over him.

Job 18:7 ‫יֵֽ֭צְרוּ צַעֲדֵ֣י אוֹנ֑וֹ וְֽתַשְׁלִיכֵ֥הוּ עֲצָתֽוֹ׃‬

His iniquitous steps will be repressed,

And his own counsel will cast him down.

his iniquitous steps ← the steps of his iniquity, a Hebraic genitive, from אָוֶן. Alternatively, from אוֹן, his strong steps. AV differs, taking the alternative.
Job 18:8 ‫כִּֽי־שֻׁלַּ֣ח בְּרֶ֣שֶׁת בְּרַגְלָ֑יו וְעַל־שְׂ֝בָכָ֗ה יִתְהַלָּֽךְ׃‬

For he is hurled into a net by his own feet,

And he will walk into an entanglement.

Job 18:9 ‫יֹאחֵ֣ז בְּעָקֵ֣ב פָּ֑ח יַחֲזֵ֖ק עָלָ֣יו צַמִּֽים׃‬

A snare will seize him by the heel;

A noose around him will hold him fast.

a noose: AV differs (robbers).

around ← on.
Job 18:10 ‫טָמ֣וּן בָּאָ֣רֶץ חַבְל֑וֹ וּ֝מַלְכֻּדְתּ֗וֹ עֲלֵ֣י נָתִֽיב׃‬

The tripwire for him is hidden on the ground,

As is a trap for him on the pathway.

tripwire for him ... trap for him ← his cord ... his trap. Wider use of the construct state.
Job 18:11 ‫סָ֭בִיב בִּֽעֲתֻ֣הוּ בַלָּה֑וֹת וֶהֱפִיצֻ֥הוּ לְרַגְלָֽיו׃‬

Terrors frighten him round about

And chase him around at his feet.

Job 18:12 ‫יְהִי־רָעֵ֥ב אֹנ֑וֹ וְ֝אֵ֗יד נָכ֥וֹן לְצַלְעֽוֹ׃‬

Let his strength be exhausted

And destruction be prepared at his side.

exhausted ← famished.

at his side: or in his faltering.
Job 18:13 ‫יֹ֭אכַל בַּדֵּ֣י עוֹר֑וֹ יֹאכַ֥ל בַּ֝דָּ֗יו בְּכ֣וֹר מָֽוֶת׃‬

It will consume the fabric of his skin;

The firstborn of death will consume his members.

fabric ... members: the same word in Hebrew, but with both meanings. AV differs (strength ... strength).
Job 18:14 ‫יִנָּתֵ֣ק מֵ֭אָהֳלוֹ מִבְטַח֑וֹ וְ֝תַצְעִדֵ֗הוּ לְמֶ֣לֶךְ בַּלָּהֽוֹת׃‬

His confidence will be plucked away from his tent,

And you will march him up to the king of terrors.

you: perhaps an interspersed call on God; alternatively she / it, generalizing, for which supply, e.g., events.
Job 18:15 ‫תִּשְׁכּ֣וֹן בְּ֭אָהֳלוֹ מִבְּלִי־ל֑וֹ יְזֹרֶ֖ה עַל־נָוֵ֣הוּ גָפְרִֽית׃‬

Terror will dwell in his tent

Without him being able to do anything about it.

Sulphur will be scattered on his home.

without him: AV differs (none of his).
Job 18:16 ‫מִ֭תַּחַת שָֽׁרָשָׁ֣יו יִבָ֑שׁוּ וּ֝מִמַּ֗עַל יִמַּ֥ל קְצִירֽוֹ׃‬

His roots will dry up below,

And his branches will be cut off above.

branches ← branch, but also collectively harvest.
Job 18:17 ‫זִֽכְרוֹ־אָ֭בַד מִנִּי־אָ֑רֶץ וְלֹא־שֵׁ֥ם ל֝֗וֹ עַל־פְּנֵי־חֽוּץ׃‬

The memory of him will perish from the land,

And he will have no reputation abroad.

abroad ← on the face of outside.
Job 18:18 ‫יֶ֭הְדְּפֻהוּ מֵא֣וֹר אֶל־חֹ֑שֶׁךְ וּֽמִתֵּבֵ֥ל יְנִדֻּֽהוּ׃‬

He will be driven from light to darkness;

He will be chased out of the world.

he will be driven ... he will be chased ← they will drive him ... they will chase him. Avoidance of the passive.
Job 18:19 ‫לֹ֘א נִ֤ין ל֣וֹ וְלֹא־נֶ֣כֶד בְּעַמּ֑וֹ וְאֵ֥ין שָׂ֝רִ֗יד בִּמְגוּרָֽיו׃‬

He will have no posterity or progeny among his people,

And no survivor in his dwellings.

Job 18:20 ‫עַל־י֭וֹמוֹ נָשַׁ֣מּוּ אַחֲרֹנִ֑ים וְ֝קַדְמֹנִ֗ים אָ֣חֲזוּ שָֽׂעַר׃‬

Those who come afterwards

Will be astonished at his fate,

Just as those who come before it

Will have taken fright at it.

fate ← day.
Job 18:21 ‫אַךְ־אֵ֭לֶּה מִשְׁכְּנ֣וֹת עַוָּ֑ל וְ֝זֶ֗ה מְק֣וֹם לֹא־יָדַֽע־אֵֽל׃ ס‬

But these are the dwellings of the unjust,

And this is the place of him

Who does not know God.”

Job 19:1 ‫וַיַּ֥עַן אִיּ֗וֹב וַיֹּאמַֽר׃‬ Then Job answered and said,
Job 19:2 ‫עַד־אָ֭נָה תּוֹגְי֣וּן נַפְשִׁ֑י וּֽתְדַכְּאוּנַ֥נִי בְמִלִּֽים׃‬

“How long will you afflict my being

And crush me with your words?

being ← soul.
Job 19:3 ‫זֶ֤ה עֶ֣שֶׂר פְּ֭עָמִים תַּכְלִימ֑וּנִי לֹֽא־תֵ֝בֹ֗שׁוּ תַּהְכְּרוּ־לִֽי׃‬

You have put me to shame these ten times

And are still not ashamed

That you alienate me like this.

alienate: [AnLx] differs (amaze); [BDB] differs (deal hardly with). The form can be variously explained; we (and AV) take it in any case as cognate with נָכַר.
Job 19:4 ‫וְאַף־אָמְנָ֥ם שָׁגִ֑יתִי אִ֝תִּ֗י תָּלִ֥ין מְשׁוּגָתִֽי׃‬

But even if it were true that I have erred,

My sense of error would remain with me.

Job 19:5 ‫אִם־אָ֭מְנָם עָלַ֣י תַּגְדִּ֑ילוּ וְתוֹכִ֥יחוּ עָ֝לַ֗י חֶרְפָּתִּֽי׃‬

If you really will act proudly against me,

And argue against me on the grounds of my reproachful state,

Job 19:6 ‫דְּֽעוּ־אֵ֭פוֹ כִּי־אֱל֣וֹהַּ עִוְּתָ֑נִי וּ֝מְצוּד֗וֹ עָלַ֥י הִקִּֽיף׃‬

Know that God has overthrown me

And has cast his net around me.

Job 19:7 ‫הֵ֤ן אֶצְעַ֣ק חָ֭מָס וְלֹ֣א אֵעָנֶ֑ה אֲ֝שַׁוַּ֗ע וְאֵ֣ין מִשְׁפָּֽט׃‬

Behold, I call out,

It is wrong’,

But I am not answered.

I cry out,

But there is no process of judgment.

Job 19:8 ‫אָרְחִ֣י גָ֭דַר וְלֹ֣א אֶעֱב֑וֹר וְעַ֥ל נְ֝תִיבוֹתַ֗י חֹ֣שֶׁךְ יָשִֽׂים׃‬

He has fenced in my way

So that I cannot pass across,

And he has put darkness on my paths.

so that: purposive use of the vav.
Job 19:9 ‫כְּ֭בוֹדִי מֵעָלַ֣י הִפְשִׁ֑יט וַ֝יָּ֗סַר עֲטֶ֣רֶת רֹאשִֽׁי׃‬

He has stripped me of my honour,

And he has removed the crown from my head.

he has stripped me of my honour ← he has stripped my honour from me.
Job 19:10 ‫יִתְּצֵ֣נִי סָ֭בִיב וָאֵלַ֑ךְ וַיַּסַּ֥ע כָּ֝עֵ֗ץ תִּקְוָתִֽי׃‬

He has demolished me all around,

And I have melted,

And he has removed my hope like a tree.

melted ← gone, departed, but also melted, as in Ezek 7:17.
Job 19:11 ‫וַיַּ֣חַר עָלַ֣י אַפּ֑וֹ וַיַּחְשְׁבֵ֖נִי ל֣וֹ כְצָרָֽיו׃‬

And he has kindled his wrath against me,

And he has considered me as one of his adversaries.

Job 19:12 ‫יַ֤חַד ׀ יָ֘בֹ֤אוּ גְדוּדָ֗יו וַיָּסֹ֣לּוּ עָלַ֣י דַּרְכָּ֑ם וַיַּחֲנ֖וּ סָבִ֣יב לְאָהֳלִֽי׃‬

His troops come together

And raise up their highway against me

And encamp around my tent.

Job 19:13 ‫אַ֭חַי מֵעָלַ֣י הִרְחִ֑יק וְ֝יֹדְעַ֗י אַךְ־זָ֥רוּ מִמֶּֽנִּי׃‬

He has removed my brothers from me,

And my acquaintances are thoroughly estranged from me.

Compare the verse with Ps 88:9 (Ps 88:8AV), Ps 88:19 (Ps 88:18AV).
Job 19:14 ‫חָדְל֥וּ קְרוֹבָ֑י וּֽמְיֻדָּעַ֥י שְׁכֵחֽוּנִי׃‬

My relatives have disowned me,

And my colleagues have forgotten me.

disowned meceased, discontinued.
Job 19:15 ‫גָּ֘רֵ֤י בֵיתִ֣י וְ֭אַמְהֹתַי לְזָ֣ר תַּחְשְׁבֻ֑נִי נָ֝כְרִ֗י הָיִ֥יתִי בְעֵינֵיהֶֽם׃‬

Those who dwell in my house and my handmaids

Consider me a stranger;

I have become a foreigner in their sight.

Job 19:16 ‫לְעַבְדִּ֣י קָ֭רָאתִי וְלֹ֣א יַעֲנֶ֑ה בְּמוֹ־פִ֝֗י אֶתְחַנֶּן־לֽוֹ׃‬

I call my servant,

But he does not answer;

I implore him with my instructions.

instructions ← mouth.
Job 19:17 ‫ר֭וּחִֽי זָ֣רָה לְאִשְׁתִּ֑י וְ֝חַנֹּתִ֗י לִבְנֵ֥י בִטְנִֽי׃‬

My breath is loathsome to my wife,

And I am abominable to the sons of my loins.

abominable: AV differs (entreated). [BDB]= to be loathsome. The usual meaning is to be gracious.

loins ← belly.
Job 19:18 ‫גַּם־עֲ֭וִילִים מָ֣אֲסוּ בִ֑י אָ֝ק֗וּמָה וַיְדַבְּרוּ־בִֽי׃‬

Even young children reject me;

When I appear,

They jeer at me.

appear ← rise.

jeer at ← speak against.
Job 19:19 ‫תִּֽ֭עֲבוּנִי כָּל־מְתֵ֣י סוֹדִ֑י וְזֶֽה־אָ֝הַ֗בְתִּי נֶהְפְּכוּ־בִֽי׃‬

All the members of my secret counsel abhor me,

And they whom I loved have turned against me.

members ← men.
Job 19:20 ‫בְּעוֹרִ֣י וּ֭בִבְשָׂרִי דָּבְקָ֣ה עַצְמִ֑י וָ֝אֶתְמַלְּטָ֗ה בְּע֣וֹר שִׁנָּֽי׃‬

My bones cleave to my skin and flesh,

And I survive by the skin of my teeth.

bones ← bone. Collective usage; compare Ps 102:6 (Ps 102:5AV).

survive ← escape.
Job 19:21 ‫חָנֻּ֬נִי חָנֻּ֣נִי אַתֶּ֣ם רֵעָ֑י כִּ֥י יַד־אֱ֝ל֗וֹהַּ נָ֣גְעָה בִּֽי׃‬

Have pity on me,

Have pity on me, my friends,

For the hand of God has struck me.

Job 19:22 ‫לָ֭מָּה תִּרְדְּפֻ֣נִי כְמוֹ־אֵ֑ל וּ֝מִבְּשָׂרִ֗י לֹ֣א תִשְׂבָּֽעוּ׃‬

Why do you persecute me like God,

And why are you not satisfied with the state of my flesh?

Job 19:23 ‫מִֽי־יִתֵּ֣ן אֵ֭פוֹ וְיִכָּתְב֣וּן מִלָּ֑י מִֽי־יִתֵּ֖ן בַּסֵּ֣פֶר וְיֻחָֽקוּ׃‬

If only my words could be written down now;

If only they could be inscribed in a book.

if only (2x)who will give, followed by a vav prefixing the subsequent verb.
Job 19:24 ‫בְּעֵט־בַּרְזֶ֥ל וְעֹפָ֑רֶת לָ֝עַ֗ד בַּצּ֥וּר יֵחָצְבֽוּן׃‬

If only they could be engraved in rock in perpetuity,

With an iron stylus, and lead filled.

engraved ← hewn.
Job 19:25 ‫וַאֲנִ֣י יָ֭דַעְתִּי גֹּ֣אֲלִי חָ֑י וְ֝אַחֲר֗וֹן עַל־עָפָ֥ר יָקֽוּם׃‬

But I know that my redeemer lives,

And that in the end time he will appear on earth,

appear ← rise. Compare Job 19:18.

earth ← dust.
Job 19:26 ‫וְאַחַ֣ר ע֭וֹרִֽי נִקְּפוּ־זֹ֑את וּ֝מִבְּשָׂרִ֗י אֶֽחֱזֶ֥ה אֱלֽוֹהַּ׃‬

And that after my skin has been destroyed like this,

I will in my flesh yet behold God,

my skin has been destroyed ← they have destroyed my skin. Avoidance of the passive.
Job 19:27 ‫אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֲנִ֨י ׀ אֶֽחֱזֶה־לִּ֗י וְעֵינַ֣י רָא֣וּ וְלֹא־זָ֑ר כָּל֖וּ כִלְיֹתַ֣י בְּחֵקִֽי׃‬

Whom I shall behold for myself,

And my eyes will see one

Who is not a stranger,

For whom my heart pines deeply.

heart pines deeply ← kidneys waste in my bosom. The kidneys represent inward feelings; compare Jer 11:20. AV differs (... be consumed).
Job 19:28 ‫כִּ֣י תֹ֭אמְרוּ מַה־נִּרְדָּף־ל֑וֹ וְשֹׁ֥רֶשׁ דָּ֝בָ֗ר נִמְצָא־בִֽי׃‬

For will you say,

‘Why did we persecute him?’

Is the root of the matter to be found in me?

Job 19:29 ‫גּ֤וּרוּ לָכֶ֨ם ׀ מִפְּנֵי־חֶ֗רֶב כִּֽי־חֵ֭מָה עֲוֺנ֣וֹת חָ֑רֶב לְמַ֖עַן תֵּדְע֣וּן *שדין **שַׁדּֽוּן׃ ס‬

Fear the sword,

For the punishments of the sword are full of fury,

In order that you may know that there is justice.”

justice: the ketiv is a variant form of the qeré.

fear ← fear for yourselves.

punishments ← iniquities, from which punishments for iniquities.

AV differs somewhat, mid verse (for wrath bringeth the punishments of the sword).
Job 20:1 ‫וַ֭יַּעַן צֹפַ֥ר הַנַּֽעֲמָתִ֗י וַיֹּאמַֽר׃‬ Then Zophar the Naamathite answered and said,
Job 20:2 ‫לָ֭כֵן שְׂעִפַּ֣י יְשִׁיב֑וּנִי וּ֝בַעֲב֗וּר ח֣וּשִׁי בִֽי׃‬

“This is why my thoughts prompt me to answer,

And why I am hasty in doing so.

why I am hasty ← for the sake of my hastening in me.
Job 20:3 ‫מוּסַ֣ר כְּלִמָּתִ֣י אֶשְׁמָ֑ע וְ֝ר֗וּחַ מִֽבִּינָתִ֥י יַעֲנֵֽנִי׃‬

I hear correction of my supposedly shameful stance,

And my discerning spirit gives me an answer.

my supposedly shameful stance ← my shame.

my discerning spirit ← the spirit out of my understanding.
Job 20:4 ‫הֲזֹ֣את יָ֭דַעְתָּ מִנִּי־עַ֑ד מִנִּ֤י שִׂ֖ים אָדָ֣ם עֲלֵי־אָֽרֶץ׃‬

Do you not know this,

Known of olden time,

Since man was placed on the earth,

man was placed ← the placing of man.
Job 20:5 ‫כִּ֤י רִנְנַ֣ת רְ֭שָׁעִים מִקָּר֑וֹב וְשִׂמְחַ֖ת חָנֵ֣ף עֲדֵי־רָֽגַע׃‬

That the rejoicing of the wicked is of short duration,

And the happiness of the profane is but for a moment?

profane: see Job 8:13.
Job 20:6 ‫אִם־יַעֲלֶ֣ה לַשָּׁמַ֣יִם שִׂיא֑וֹ וְ֝רֹאשׁ֗וֹ לָעָ֥ב יַגִּֽיעַ׃‬

Even if his exaltation goes up to heaven,

And his head reaches to the clouds,

clouds ← cloud.
Job 20:7 ‫כְּֽ֭גֶלֲלוֹ לָנֶ֣צַח יֹאבֵ֑ד רֹ֝אָ֗יו יֹאמְר֥וּ אַיּֽוֹ׃‬

He will perish in perpetuity like his dung.

Those who have seen him will say,

‘Where is he?’

Job 20:8 ‫כַּחֲל֣וֹם יָ֭עוּף וְלֹ֣א יִמְצָא֑וּהוּ וְ֝יֻדַּ֗ד כְּחֶזְי֥וֹן לָֽיְלָה׃‬

He will fly away like a dream

And will not be found,

And he will be driven away like a nightly vision.

will not be found ← they will not find him. Avoidance of the passive.
Job 20:9 ‫עַ֣יִן שְׁ֭זָפַתּוּ וְלֹ֣א תוֹסִ֑יף וְלֹא־ע֝֗וֹד תְּשׁוּרֶ֥נּוּ מְקוֹמֽוֹ׃‬

An eye may have seen him,

But it will do so no more,

And his home place will no longer welcome him.

welcome ← see.
Job 20:10 ‫בָּ֭נָיו יְרַצּ֣וּ דַלִּ֑ים וְ֝יָדָ֗יו תָּשֵׁ֥בְנָה אוֹנֽוֹ׃‬

His sons will satisfy the poor,

And his own hands will repay his wealth.

satisfy: i.e. compensate here.

his wealth: AV differs (their goods).
Job 20:11 ‫עַ֭צְמוֹתָיו מָלְא֣וּ *עלומו **עֲלוּמָ֑יו וְ֝עִמּ֗וֹ עַל־עָפָ֥ר תִּשְׁכָּֽב׃‬

While his bones are still full of youthful vigour,

Each will lie down in the dust with him.

youthful vigour ← his youthful vigour. The ketiv is a singular word; the qeré plural, with the same meaning.
Job 20:12 ‫אִם־תַּמְתִּ֣יק בְּפִ֣יו רָעָ֑ה יַ֝כְחִידֶ֗נָּה תַּ֣חַת לְשׁוֹנֽוֹ׃‬

Although wickedness is sweet in the mouth,

And he keeps it hidden under his tongue,

Job 20:13 ‫יַחְמֹ֣ל עָ֭לֶיהָ וְלֹ֣א יַֽעַזְבֶ֑נָּה וְ֝יִמְנָעֶ֗נָּה בְּת֣וֹךְ חִכּֽוֹ׃‬

Keeping it and not letting it go,

And retaining it in his mouth,

mouth ← palate.
Job 20:14 ‫לַ֭חְמוֹ בְּמֵעָ֣יו נֶהְפָּ֑ךְ מְרוֹרַ֖ת פְּתָנִ֣ים בְּקִרְבּֽוֹ׃‬

His food will change in his bowels;

There will be adders' venom in his innards.

Job 20:15 ‫חַ֣יִל בָּ֭לַע וַיְקִאֶ֑נּוּ מִ֝בִּטְנ֗וֹ יוֹרִשֶׁ֥נּוּ אֵֽל׃‬

He has swallowed down riches

And will vomit them up again;

God will drive them out of his stomach.

Job 20:16 ‫רֹאשׁ־פְּתָנִ֥ים יִינָ֑ק תַּֽ֝הַרְגֵ֗הוּ לְשׁ֣וֹן אֶפְעֶֽה׃‬

He will suck adders' poison;

The tongue of the viper will kill him.

Job 20:17 ‫אַל־יֵ֥רֶא בִפְלַגּ֑וֹת נַהֲרֵ֥י נַ֝חֲלֵ֗י דְּבַ֣שׁ וְחֶמְאָֽה׃‬

May he not see streams

– The rivers and brooks of honey and butter.

Job 20:18 ‫מֵשִׁ֣יב יָ֭גָע וְלֹ֣א יִבְלָ֑ע כְּחֵ֥יל תְּ֝מוּרָת֗וֹ וְלֹ֣א יַעֲלֹֽס׃‬

He will repay what is owed for his toil

And will not swallow it up.

According to his wealth, his debt of restitution will be,

And he will not rejoice in it,

his debt of restitution: a subjective genitive (he restitutes).
Job 20:19 ‫כִּֽי־רִ֭צַּץ עָזַ֣ב דַּלִּ֑ים בַּ֥יִת גָּ֝זַ֗ל וְלֹ֣א יִבֶנֵֽהוּ׃‬

Because he crushed and abandoned the poor;

He seized a house

Which he did not build,

Job 20:20 ‫כִּ֤י ׀ לֹא־יָדַ֣ע שָׁלֵ֣ו בְּבִטְנ֑וֹ בַּ֝חֲמוּד֗וֹ לֹ֣א יְמַלֵּֽט׃‬

And because he was never content inwardly,

Nor did he ever let a desirable object escape him.

was never content inwardly ← did not know quiet / prosperity in his belly, through envy.

a desirable object ← in (matters of) an object of his desire.

AV differs in the second half of the verse.
Job 20:21 ‫אֵין־שָׂרִ֥יד לְאָכְל֑וֹ עַל־כֵּ֝֗ן לֹא־יָחִ֥יל טוּבֽוֹ׃‬

There is nothing that escapes his voracity,

Which is why his well-being will not last.

escapes ← is a survivor of.
Job 20:22 ‫בִּמְלֹ֣אות שִׂ֭פְקוֹ יֵ֣צֶר ל֑וֹ כָּל־יַ֖ד עָמֵ֣ל תְּבוֹאֶֽנּוּ׃‬

In satisfying his greed,

He enters into straits.

Every distressing force shall come upon him.

in satisfying his greed ← to fulfil his abundance. Gerundial use of the infinitive.

he enters into straits ← it is narrow to him.

force ← hand.
Job 20:23 ‫יְהִ֤י ׀ לְמַלֵּ֬א בִטְנ֗וֹ יְֽשַׁלַּח־בּ֭וֹ חֲר֣וֹן אַפּ֑וֹ וְיַמְטֵ֥ר עָ֝לֵ֗ימוֹ בִּלְחוּמֽוֹ׃‬

When he is about to fill his belly,

God will send his furious anger on him,

And he will rain it on him during his meal.

his furious anger ← the fury of his anger, which we have translated as a reverse Hebraic genitive.

on him ← on them, but the ending could be argued to be singular; compare [Ges-HG] §103f note 3 and Job 22:2 and Job 27:23.

during his meal ← in his eating. [CB] interprets as punishment. [BDB] suggests bowels.
Job 20:24 ‫יִ֭בְרַח מִנֵּ֣שֶׁק בַּרְזֶ֑ל תַּ֝חְלְפֵ֗הוּ קֶ֣שֶׁת נְחוּשָֽׁה׃‬

He may flee from iron weaponry,

But the copper bow will pierce him through.

bow: standing for the arrows shot by it. Metonymy of propelling instrument.
Job 20:25 ‫שָׁלַף֮ וַיֵּצֵ֪א מִגֵּ֫וָ֥ה וּ֭בָרָק מִֽמְּרֹרָת֥וֹ יַהֲלֹ֗ךְ עָלָ֥יו אֵמִֽים׃‬

And if one extract the arrow,

And it comes out of his back,

Or the blade comes out from his entrails,

Then terrors still await him.

blade ← glittering; lightning.

entrails ← gall, but the word probably has wider scope here.
Job 20:26 ‫כָּל־חֹשֶׁךְ֮ טָמ֪וּן לִצְפּ֫וּנָ֥יו תְּ֭אָכְלֵהוּ אֵ֣שׁ לֹֽא־נֻפָּ֑ח יֵ֖רַע שָׂרִ֣יד בְּאָהֳלֽוֹ׃‬

All darkness is reserved for his hidden treasures;

A fire not blown with bellows will devour him.

Any survivor in his tent will fare badly.

Job 20:27 ‫יְגַלּ֣וּ שָׁמַ֣יִם עֲוֺנ֑וֹ וְ֝אֶ֗רֶץ מִתְקוֹמָ֘מָ֥ה לֽוֹ׃‬

The heavens will reveal his iniquity,

And the earth will rise up against him.

Job 20:28 ‫יִ֭גֶל יְב֣וּל בֵּית֑וֹ נִ֝גָּר֗וֹת בְּי֣וֹם אַפּֽוֹ׃‬

The produce of his household will be taken away,

And various things will be poured out

On the day of his wrath.

will be taken away ← will go into exile, or will be exposed.
Job 20:29 ‫זֶ֤ה ׀ חֵֽלֶק־אָדָ֣ם רָ֭שָׁע מֵאֱלֹהִ֑ים וְנַחֲלַ֖ת אִמְר֣וֹ מֵאֵֽל׃ פ‬

This is the fate of the wicked man from God,

And his appointed inheritance from God.”

fate ← portion.

his appointed inheritance ← the inheritance of his appointment, a Hebraic genitive.
Job 21:1 ‫וַיַּ֥עַן אִיּ֗וֹב וַיֹּאמַֽר׃‬ Then Job answered and said,
Job 21:2 ‫שִׁמְע֣וּ שָׁ֭מוֹעַ מִלָּתִ֑י וּתְהִי־זֹ֝֗את תַּנְח֥וּמֹֽתֵיכֶֽם׃‬

Listen carefully to my words,

And let this be your consolation.

listen carefully: infinitive absolute.

words ← word; discourse.

consolation ← consolations.
Job 21:3 ‫שָׂ֭אוּנִי וְאָנֹכִ֣י אֲדַבֵּ֑ר וְאַחַ֖ר דַּבְּרִ֣י תַלְעִֽיג׃‬

Bear with me, and I will speak,

And after my words, you can mock.

Job 21:4 ‫הֶ֭אָנֹכִי לְאָדָ֣ם שִׂיחִ֑י וְאִם־מַ֝דּ֗וּעַ לֹא־תִקְצַ֥ר רוּחִֽי׃‬

Is my complaint made to man?

And if so, why should I not be impatient?

why should I not be impatient ← why should my spirit not be short.
Job 21:5 ‫פְּנוּ־אֵלַ֥י וְהָשַׁ֑מּוּ וְשִׂ֖ימוּ יָ֣ד עַל־פֶּֽה׃‬

Turn towards me and be astonished,

And put your hand over your mouth.

be astonished: a rare hophal imperative. See Jer 49:8.
Job 21:6 ‫וְאִם־זָכַ֥רְתִּי וְנִבְהָ֑לְתִּי וְאָחַ֥ז בְּ֝שָׂרִ֗י פַּלָּצֽוּת׃‬

If I remember it,

I am terrified,

And fear takes hold of my body.

fear takes hold of my body ← my flesh takes hold of fear.
Job 21:7 ‫מַדּ֣וּעַ רְשָׁעִ֣ים יִחְי֑וּ עָ֝תְק֗וּ גַּם־גָּ֥בְרוּ חָֽיִל׃‬

Why do the wicked live

And grow old,

And even increase their power?

power: or wealth.
Job 21:8 ‫זַרְעָ֤ם נָכ֣וֹן לִפְנֵיהֶ֣ם עִמָּ֑ם וְ֝צֶאֱצָאֵיהֶ֗ם לְעֵינֵיהֶֽם׃‬

Their seed is established with them in their presence,

And their progeny in their sight.

Job 21:9 ‫בָּתֵּיהֶ֣ם שָׁל֣וֹם מִפָּ֑חַד וְלֹ֤א שֵׁ֖בֶט אֱל֣וֹהַּ עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃‬

Their houses are free of fear,

But there is no rule of God over them.

free of ← safe from.

rule ← rod; sceptre.
Job 21:10 ‫שׁוֹר֣וֹ עִ֭בַּר וְלֹ֣א יַגְעִ֑ל תְּפַלֵּ֥ט פָּ֝רָת֗וֹ וְלֹ֣א תְשַׁכֵּֽל׃‬

His ox procreates

And is not infertile;

His cow calves

And does not miscarry.

ox: here, a bull probably trained as a draft animal, but not castrated, so also used for breeding.

calves ← is delivered.
Job 21:11 ‫יְשַׁלְּח֣וּ כַ֭צֹּאן עֲוִילֵיהֶ֑ם וְ֝יַלְדֵיהֶ֗ם יְרַקֵּדֽוּן׃‬

They let their little ones frolic like lambs,

And their children dance around.

let ... frolicsend (out to play).
Job 21:12 ‫יִ֭שְׂאוּ כְּתֹ֣ף וְכִנּ֑וֹר וְ֝יִשְׂמְח֗וּ לְק֣וֹל עוּגָֽב׃‬

They lift up their spirits with drum and harp,

And they rejoice to the sound of the flute.

with drum ← according to the drum.
Job 21:13 ‫*יבלו **יְכַלּ֣וּ בַטּ֣וֹב יְמֵיהֶ֑ם וּ֝בְרֶ֗גַע שְׁא֣וֹל יֵחָֽתּוּ׃‬

They {K: spend} [Q: end] their days in well-being,

But in a moment they descend to the underworld.

underworld: or grave.
Job 21:14 ‫וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ לָ֭אֵל ס֣וּר מִמֶּ֑נּוּ וְדַ֥עַת דְּ֝רָכֶ֗יךָ לֹ֣א חָפָֽצְנוּ׃‬

Yet they say to God,

‘Depart from us’,

And, ‘We do not take pleasure in knowledge of your ways.

Job 21:15 ‫מַה־שַׁדַּ֥י כִּֽי־נַֽעַבְדֶ֑נּוּ וּמַה־נּ֝וֹעִ֗יל כִּ֣י נִפְגַּע־בּֽוֹ׃‬

Who is the Almighty,

That we should serve him,

And in what way are we profited,

That we entreat him?’

Job 21:16 ‫הֵ֤ן לֹ֣א בְיָדָ֣ם טוּבָ֑ם עֲצַ֥ת רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים רָ֣חֲקָה מֶֽנִּי׃‬

Behold, their well-being is not under their control.

The conduct of the wicked is far from me.

under their control ← in their hand.

conduct ← counsel; purpose.
Job 21:17 ‫כַּמָּ֤ה ׀ נֵר־רְשָׁ֘עִ֤ים יִדְעָ֗ךְ וְיָבֹ֣א עָלֵ֣ימוֹ אֵידָ֑ם חֲ֝בָלִ֗ים יְחַלֵּ֥ק בְּאַפּֽוֹ׃‬

But you say,

How often the lamp of the wicked is extinguished,

And how often their downfall comes upon them!

He apportions them agony in his anger.

how often the lamp of the wicked is extinguished: compare Job 18:5.

agony ← writhings.

Job quotes Zophar's arguments of extended ↴
Job 21:18 ‫יִהְי֗וּ כְּתֶ֥בֶן לִפְנֵי־ר֑וּחַ וּ֝כְמֹ֗ץ גְּנָבַ֥תּוּ סוּפָֽה׃‬

They will be as straw in the wind,

And as chaff which the storm carries away.

↳ punishment of the wicked in their lifetime up to verse 21.

carries ← steals.
Job 21:19 ‫אֱל֗וֹהַּ יִצְפֹּן־לְבָנָ֥יו אוֹנ֑וֹ יְשַׁלֵּ֖ם אֵלָ֣יו וְיֵדָֽע׃‬

God reserves his punishment for the man's iniquity for his sons;

He retributes him,

And he knows it.

Job 21:20 ‫יִרְא֣וּ *עינו **עֵינָ֣יו כִּיד֑וֹ וּמֵחֲמַ֖ת שַׁדַּ֣י יִשְׁתֶּֽה׃‬

His eyes will see his demise,

And he will drink from the wrath of the Almighty.

eyes: the ketiv could be regarded as a scriptio defectiva spelling of the qeré; otherwise, the ketiv is singular and discordant with the verb.
Job 21:21 ‫כִּ֤י מַה־חֶפְצ֣וֹ בְּבֵית֣וֹ אַחֲרָ֑יו וּמִסְפַּ֖ר חֳדָשָׁ֣יו חֻצָּֽצוּ׃‬

For what pleasure does he leave in his house after him

When the number of his months is cut in half?’

Job 21:22 ‫הַלְאֵ֥ל יְלַמֶּד־דָּ֑עַת וְ֝ה֗וּא רָמִ֥ים יִשְׁפּֽוֹט׃‬

Can anyone teach God knowledge?

Or will he judge those on high?

Job 21:23 ‫זֶ֗ה יָ֭מוּת בְּעֶ֣צֶם תֻּמּ֑וֹ כֻּ֝לּ֗וֹ שַׁלְאֲנַ֥ן וְשָׁלֵֽיו׃‬

One dies in the prime of his strength

When he is entirely at ease and comfortable.

prime of his strength ← bone / body (consonantally also strength) of his completeness.

one: part of one ... another, balanced in verse 25.
Job 21:24 ‫עֲ֭טִינָיו מָלְא֣וּ חָלָ֑ב וּמֹ֖חַ עַצְמוֹתָ֣יו יְשֻׁקֶּֽה׃‬

His bottles are full of milk,

And the marrow of his bones is well-nourished.

bottles: AV differs (breasts), i.e. as NH, his cows' udders.

well-nourished ← given drink / refreshed.
Job 21:25 ‫וְזֶ֗ה יָ֭מוּת בְּנֶ֣פֶשׁ מָרָ֑ה וְלֹֽא־אָ֝כַ֗ל בַּטּוֹבָֽה׃‬

Another dies with bitter feelings

And does not partake of the goodness.

another: see Job 21:23.

with bitter feelings ← in a bitter soul.

partake of ← eat in.
Job 21:26 ‫יַ֭חַד עַל־עָפָ֣ר יִשְׁכָּ֑בוּ וְ֝רִמָּ֗ה תְּכַסֶּ֥ה עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃‬

Together in the dust they lie

And the worm covers them both.

Job 21:27 ‫הֵ֣ן יָ֭דַעְתִּי מַחְשְׁבֽוֹתֵיכֶ֑ם וּ֝מְזִמּ֗וֹת עָלַ֥י תַּחְמֹֽסוּ׃‬

Behold, I know your thoughts

And your devices,

Which do violence to me.

Job 21:28 ‫כִּ֤י תֹֽאמְר֗וּ אַיֵּ֥ה בֵית־נָדִ֑יב וְ֝אַיֵּ֗ה אֹ֤הֶל ׀ מִשְׁכְּנ֬וֹת רְשָׁעִֽים׃‬

For you say,

‘Where is the noble's house?’

And, ‘Where is the tent of the dwellings of the wicked?’

Job 21:29 ‫הֲלֹ֣א שְׁ֭אֶלְתֶּם ע֣וֹבְרֵי דָ֑רֶךְ וְ֝אֹתֹתָ֗ם לֹ֣א תְנַכֵּֽרוּ׃‬

Have you not asked the passers-by?

Do you not recognize their writing?

passers-by ← crossers of the way.

writing ← signs; letters.
Job 21:30 ‫כִּ֤י לְי֣וֹם אֵ֭יד יֵחָ֣שֶׂךְ רָ֑ע לְי֖וֹם עֲבָר֣וֹת יוּבָֽלוּ׃‬

They say,

‘For the wicked man is reserved to the day of calamity;

They will be led to the day of wrath.’

Job 21:31 ‫מִֽי־יַגִּ֣יד עַל־פָּנָ֣יו דַּרְכּ֑וֹ וְהֽוּא־עָ֝שָׂ֗ה מִ֣י יְשַׁלֶּם־לֽוֹ׃‬

Who will tell him his way to his face?

And who will repay him for what he has done?

Job 21:32 ‫וְ֭הוּא לִקְבָר֣וֹת יוּבָ֑ל וְֽעַל־גָּדִ֥ישׁ יִשְׁקֽוֹד׃‬

So he will be led to the burial places,

And he will take his place in his sepulchral mound.

take his place: or lie, usually of lying in wait; or guarding.
Job 21:33 ‫מָֽתְקוּ־ל֗וֹ רִגְבֵ֫י נָ֥חַל וְ֭אַחֲרָיו כָּל־אָדָ֣ם יִמְשׁ֑וֹךְ וּ֝לְפָנָ֗יו אֵ֣ין מִסְפָּֽר׃‬

The covering of turf from the brook will be sweet to him.

And every man after him will face the same fate,

As have countless before him,

be sweet to him: or, perhaps, will find him sweet (despite לְ for direct object). Compare Job 24:20, where worms find the dead bodies of sinners sweet.

will face the same fatewill continue (the process).
Job 21:34 ‫וְ֭אֵיךְ תְּנַחֲמ֣וּנִי הָ֑בֶל וּ֝תְשֽׁוּבֹתֵיכֶ֗ם נִשְׁאַר־מָֽעַל׃ ס‬

So how can you comfort me with vanity,

And with answers in which treachery remains?”

Job 22:1 ‫וַ֭יַּעַן אֱלִיפַ֥ז הַֽתֵּמָנִ֗י וַיֹּאמַֽר׃‬ Then Eliphaz the Temanite answered and said,
Job 22:2 ‫הַלְאֵ֥ל יִסְכָּן־גָּ֑בֶר כִּֽי־יִסְכֹּ֖ן עָלֵ֣ימוֹ מַשְׂכִּֽיל׃‬

“Is a man profitable to God?

For a prudent man is profitable to himself.

to himself ← to them, but see Job 20:23.
Job 22:3 ‫הַחֵ֣פֶץ לְ֭שַׁדַּי כִּ֣י תִצְדָּ֑ק וְאִם־בֶּ֝֗צַע כִּֽי־תַתֵּ֥ם דְּרָכֶֽיךָ׃‬

Is it a matter of delight to the Almighty

If you are righteous?

Or is it gain to him

That you act with integrity in your ways?

Job 22:4 ‫הֲֽ֭מִיִּרְאָ֣תְךָ יֹכִיחֶ֑ךָ יָב֥וֹא עִ֝מְּךָ֗ בַּמִּשְׁפָּֽט׃‬

Will he contend with you for fear of you?

Will he enter with you into a judicial process?

Job 22:5 ‫הֲלֹ֣א רָעָֽתְךָ֣ רַבָּ֑ה וְאֵֽין־קֵ֝֗ץ לַעֲוֺנֹתֶֽיךָ׃‬

Is not your wickedness great?

And is there no end to your iniquities?

Job 22:6 ‫כִּֽי־תַחְבֹּ֣ל אַחֶ֣יךָ חִנָּ֑ם וּבִגְדֵ֖י עֲרוּמִּ֣ים תַּפְשִֽׁיט׃‬

– Whether you bind your brothers by a pledge gratuitously,

Or strip off the clothes of those you leave naked,

brothers: AV differs (brother).
Job 22:7 ‫לֹא־מַ֭יִם עָיֵ֣ף תַּשְׁקֶ֑ה וּ֝מֵרָעֵ֗ב תִּֽמְנַֽע־לָֽחֶם׃‬

Or you don't give the weary water to drink,

Or you withhold bread from the hungry?

Job 22:8 ‫וְאִ֣ישׁ זְ֭רוֹעַ ל֣וֹ הָאָ֑רֶץ וּנְשׂ֥וּא פָ֝נִ֗ים יֵ֣שֶׁב בָּֽהּ׃‬

Or you may be of those who say,

‘The earth belongs to the powerful man’,

And, ‘Let him who is of elevated station dwell in it.’

the powerful man ← the man of an arm.

of elevated station ← elevated of face, suggesting having benefited from partiality.
Job 22:9 ‫אַ֭לְמָנוֹת שִׁלַּ֣חְתָּ רֵיקָ֑ם וּזְרֹע֖וֹת יְתֹמִ֣ים יְדֻכָּֽא׃‬

You may have sent away widows empty-handed

And stood by when the arms of orphans were crushed.

Job 22:10 ‫עַל־כֵּ֭ן סְבִיבוֹתֶ֣יךָ פַחִ֑ים וִֽ֝יבַהֶלְךָ פַּ֣חַד פִּתְאֹֽם׃‬

That is why there are snares all around you,

And fear suddenly grips you,

grips ← terrifies.
Job 22:11 ‫אוֹ־חֹ֥שֶׁךְ לֹֽא־תִרְאֶ֑ה וְֽשִׁפְעַת־מַ֥יִם תְּכַסֶּֽךָּ׃‬

Or darkness so that you can't see anything,

Or a flood of water which will cover you.

or a flood: disjunctive use of the vav.
Job 22:12 ‫הֲ‍ֽלֹא־אֱ֭לוֹהַּ גֹּ֣בַהּ שָׁמָ֑יִם וּרְאֵ֤ה רֹ֖אשׁ כּוֹכָבִ֣ים כִּי־רָֽמּוּ׃‬

Is not God in the height of the heavens?

For see how high the foremost stars are.

for: causal use of the vav.

see how high the foremost stars are ← see the foremost stars, that they are high. Prolepsis, especially typical of Aramaic.
Job 22:13 ‫וְֽ֭אָמַרְתָּ מַה־יָּ֣דַֽע אֵ֑ל הַבְעַ֖ד עֲרָפֶ֣ל יִשְׁפּֽוֹט׃‬

And you may have said,

‘What does God know?

Can he judge through dark clouds?

Job 22:14 ‫עָבִ֣ים סֵֽתֶר־ל֭וֹ וְלֹ֣א יִרְאֶ֑ה וְח֥וּג שָׁ֝מַ֗יִם יִתְהַלָּֽךְ׃‬

Thick clouds are his secret covering,

And he cannot see,

And he walks round in the circuit of heaven.’

Job 22:15 ‫הַאֹ֣רַח עוֹלָ֣ם תִּשְׁמֹ֑ר אֲשֶׁ֖ר דָּרְכ֣וּ מְתֵי־אָֽוֶן׃‬

Have you observed the age-old path

Which vain men have trodden?

observed: or kept.
Job 22:16 ‫אֲשֶֽׁר־קֻמְּט֥וּ וְלֹא־עֵ֑ת נָ֝הָ֗ר יוּצַ֥ק יְסוֹדָֽם׃‬

They become wrinkly before their time;

A river is spilled over their foundation.

become wrinkly: compare Job 16:8. AV differs (were cut down), as do [AnLx] (be taken away), and [BDB] (be snatched).
Job 22:17 ‫הָאֹמְרִ֣ים לָ֭אֵל ס֣וּר מִמֶּ֑נּוּ וּמַה־יִּפְעַ֖ל שַׁדַּ֣י לָֽמוֹ׃‬

They say to God,

‘Depart from us’,

And ask how the Almighty can profit them.

These are Job's words in Job 21:14 - 15.
Job 22:18 ‫וְה֤וּא מִלֵּ֣א בָתֵּיהֶ֣ם ט֑וֹב וַעֲצַ֥ת רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים רָ֣חֲקָה מֶֽנִּי׃‬

Yet he filled their houses with good things.

So the counsel of the wicked is far from me.

Job 22:19 ‫יִרְא֣וּ צַדִּיקִ֣ים וְיִשְׂמָ֑חוּ וְ֝נָקִ֗י יִלְעַג־לָֽמוֹ׃‬

The righteous will see their downfall and rejoice,

And the innocent man will mock them

Job 22:20 ‫אִם־לֹ֣א נִכְחַ֣ד קִימָ֑נוּ וְ֝יִתְרָ֗ם אָ֣כְלָה אֵֽשׁ׃‬

And say,

‘Our adversary will certainly be obliterated,

And fire will consume their remnant.’

adversary: AV differs (substance). The form is similar to the ketiv of Jer 48:44.

will certainly be obliterated: asseveration using an abbreviation of the oath formula of 2 Sam 19:14 (2 Sam 19:13AV).
Job 22:21 ‫הַסְכֶּן־נָ֣א עִמּ֑וֹ וּשְׁלם בָּ֝הֶ֗ם תְּֽבוֹאַתְךָ֥ טוֹבָֽה׃‬

Become familiar, I pray, with him,

And be at peace with them,

And your future will be good.

with them: perhaps generalizing (with others). AV differs, omitting the word, as does [CB].

your future will be good: or goodwill come (upon) you.
Job 22:22 ‫קַח־נָ֣א מִפִּ֣יו תּוֹרָ֑ה וְשִׂ֥ים אֲ֝מָרָ֗יו בִּלְבָבֶֽךָ׃‬

Receive, I pray, the law from what he says,

And put his declarations in your heart.

what he says ← his mouth.
Job 22:23 ‫אִם־תָּשׁ֣וּב עַד־שַׁ֭דַּי תִּבָּנֶ֑ה תַּרְחִ֥יק עַ֝וְלָ֗ה מֵאָהֳלֶֽךָ׃‬

If you return to the Almighty,

You will be built up.

So remove iniquity from your tent,

Job 22:24 ‫וְשִׁית־עַל־עָפָ֥ר בָּ֑צֶר וּבְצ֖וּר נְחָלִ֣ים אוֹפִֽיר׃‬

And cast your fine gold on the dust,

And your Ophir gold on a torrent boulder,

and cast your fine gold on the dust: AV differs (then shalt thou lay up gold as dust). Compare Ex 32:20. A similar issue with the second part of the verse.
Job 22:25 ‫וְהָיָ֣ה שַׁדַּ֣י בְּצָרֶ֑יךָ וְכֶ֖סֶף תּוֹעָפ֣וֹת לָֽךְ׃‬

And the Almighty will be your fine gold

And your silver treasure.

Job 22:26 ‫כִּי־אָ֭ז עַל־שַׁדַּ֣י תִּתְעַנָּ֑ג וְתִשָּׂ֖א אֶל־אֱל֣וֹהַּ פָּנֶֽיךָ׃‬

For then you will delight in the Almighty,

And you will lift up your face to God.

Job 22:27 ‫תַּעְתִּ֣יר אֵ֭לָיו וְיִשְׁמָעֶ֑ךָּ וּנְדָרֶ֥יךָ תְשַׁלֵּֽם׃‬

You will entreat him,

And he will hear you,

And you will fulfil your vows.

Job 22:28 ‫וְֽתִגְזַר־א֭וֹמֶר וְיָ֣קָם לָ֑ךְ וְעַל־דְּ֝רָכֶ֗יךָ נָ֣גַֽהּ אֽוֹר׃‬

And you will make a declaration

Which will hold good for you,

And light will shine on your ways.

Job 22:29 ‫כִּֽי־הִ֭שְׁפִּילוּ וַתֹּ֣אמֶר גֵּוָ֑ה וְשַׁ֖ח עֵינַ֣יִם יוֹשִֽׁעַ׃‬

When others are brought low,

You will say,

Such is the consequence of pride,

But he saves the humble.’

others are brought low ← they bring low. Avoidance of the passive.

pride: AV differs (there is lifting up).

humble ← low of eyes.
Job 22:30 ‫יְֽמַלֵּ֥ט אִֽי־נָקִ֑י וְ֝נִמְלַ֗ט בְּבֹ֣ר כַּפֶּֽיךָ׃ פ‬

He delivers the estate of the innocent,

And deliverance comes through the cleanness of your hands.”

estate ← island; coastland. [AnLx] and [BDB] have not, but this does not match Eliphaz's stance.

deliverance comes ← he / one is delivered.
Job 23:1 ‫וַיַּ֥עַן אִיּ֗וֹב וַיֹּאמַֽר׃‬ Then Job answered and said,
Job 23:2 ‫גַּם־הַ֭יּוֹם מְרִ֣י שִׂחִ֑י יָ֝דִ֗י כָּבְדָ֥ה עַל־אַנְחָתִֽי׃‬

“Today, too, my complaint is bitter;

My vitality has become listless with all my sighing.

my complaint is bitter ← (there is) bitterness of my complaint.

my vitality has become listless ← my hand has become heavy. AV differs somewhat (my stroke is heavier).
Job 23:3 ‫מִֽי־יִתֵּ֣ן יָ֭דַעְתִּי וְאֶמְצָאֵ֑הוּ אָ֝ב֗וֹא עַד־תְּכוּנָתֽוֹ׃‬

If only I knew where I could find him,

I would go to his judgment seat.

if only ← who will give.

where: wider use of the vav.
Job 23:4 ‫אֶעֶרְכָ֣ה לְפָנָ֣יו מִשְׁפָּ֑ט וּ֝פִ֗י אֲמַלֵּ֥א תוֹכָחֽוֹת׃‬

I would set out my case before him

And fill my mouth with arguments.

Job 23:5 ‫אֵ֭דְעָה מִלִּ֣ים יַעֲנֵ֑נִי וְ֝אָבִ֗ינָה מַה־יֹּ֥אמַר לִֽי׃‬

I would acknowledge the words

Which he would answer me,

And I would understand

What he would say to me.

Job 23:6 ‫הַבְּרָב־כֹּ֭חַ יָרִ֣יב עִמָּדִ֑י לֹ֥א אַךְ־ה֝֗וּא יָשִׂ֥ם בִּֽי׃‬

Would he contend with me with great power?

No; he would certainly consider me.

consider ← put (heart) to or set (the face) to. AV differs (put strength).
Job 23:7 ‫שָׁ֗ם יָ֭שָׁר נוֹכָ֣ח עִמּ֑וֹ וַאֲפַלְּטָ֥ה לָ֝נֶ֗צַח מִשֹּׁפְטִֽי׃‬

There, the upright disputes with him,

And I would be delivered in perpetuity from my judge.

Job 23:8 ‫הֵ֤ן קֶ֣דֶם אֶהֱלֹ֣ךְ וְאֵינֶ֑נּוּ וְ֝אָח֗וֹר וְֽלֹא־אָבִ֥ין לֽוֹ׃‬

If I go forwards,

He is not there,

And if backwards,

I do not discern him,

Job 23:9 ‫שְׂמֹ֣אול בַּעֲשֹׂת֣וֹ וְלֹא־אָ֑חַז יַעְטֹ֥ף יָ֝מִ֗ין וְלֹ֣א אֶרְאֶֽה׃‬

Or to the left where he is at work,

I do not behold him;

If he envelops himself on the right,

I do not see him.

envelops himself: or turns.
Job 23:10 ‫כִּֽי־יָ֭דַע דֶּ֣רֶךְ עִמָּדִ֑י בְּ֝חָנַ֗נִי כַּזָּהָ֥ב אֵצֵֽא׃‬

However, he knows the way I take.

When he examines me,

I will come out as gold.

I take ← with me.
Job 23:11 ‫בַּ֭אֲשֻׁרוֹ אָחֲזָ֣ה רַגְלִ֑י דַּרְכּ֖וֹ שָׁמַ֣רְתִּי וְלֹא־אָֽט׃‬

My foot takes hold of his step;

I keep his way

And do not turn aside.

Job 23:12 ‫מִצְוַ֣ת שְׂ֭פָתָיו וְלֹ֣א אָמִ֑ישׁ מֵ֝חֻקִּ֗י צָפַ֥נְתִּי אִמְרֵי־פִֽיו׃‬

As for his commandment which he has uttered,

I have not drawn back from what was appointed me.

I have treasured up the words which he has pronounced.

which he has uttered ... which he has pronounced ← of his lips ... of his mouth. AV differs in the second case (more than my necessary food).

what was appointed me ← my statute. Compare Job 23:14.
Job 23:13 ‫וְה֣וּא בְ֭אֶחָד וּמִ֣י יְשִׁיבֶ֑נּוּ וְנַפְשׁ֖וֹ אִוְּתָ֣ה וַיָּֽעַשׂ׃‬

But he is of one mind,

And who can make him go back on it?

His will desires a thing,

And he performs it.

will ← soul.
Job 23:14 ‫כִּ֭י יַשְׁלִ֣ים חֻקִּ֑י וְכָהֵ֖נָּה רַבּ֣וֹת עִמּֽוֹ׃‬

For he will carry out

What has been appointed for me,

And many such things

He has in store.

has been appointed for me ← my statute.

he has in store(are) with him.
Job 23:15 ‫עַל־כֵּ֭ן מִפָּנָ֣יו אֶבָּהֵ֑ל אֶ֝תְבּוֹנֵ֗ן וְאֶפְחַ֥ד מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃‬

That is why I will fear his presence.

When I consider the matter,

I am fearful of him.

Job 23:16 ‫וְ֭אֵל הֵרַ֣ךְ לִבִּ֑י וְ֝שַׁדַּ֗י הִבְהִילָֽנִי׃‬

But God makes my heart faint,

And the Almighty causes me alarm,

Job 23:17 ‫כִּֽי־לֹ֣א נִ֭צְמַתִּי מִפְּנֵי־חֹ֑שֶׁךְ וּ֝מִפָּנַ֗י כִּסָּה־אֹֽפֶל׃‬

For I have not been cut off in the face of darkness,

Nor has he put a covering of gloom over my face.

nor: negatory use of the vav, as in Deut 33:6.
Job 24:1 ‫מַדּ֗וּעַ מִ֭שַּׁדַּי לֹא־נִצְפְּנ֣וּ עִתִּ֑ים *וידעו **וְ֝יֹדְעָ֗יו לֹא־חָ֥זוּ יָמָֽיו׃‬

Why, seeing that the times are not hidden from the Almighty,

{K: And they are known,} [Q: Do those who know him]

{K: Do they not} [Q: Not] see his dealings?

they are known (ketiv)they know (them). Avoidance of the passive.

his dealings ← his days, standing for the events or actions which take place in them.
Job 24:2 ‫גְּבֻל֥וֹת יַשִּׂ֑יגוּ עֵ֥דֶר גָּ֝זְל֗וּ וַיִּרְעֽוּ׃‬

They move boundaries,

And they snatch away a flock

And pasture it.

pasture it: or feed (on it).
Job 24:3 ‫חֲמ֣וֹר יְתוֹמִ֣ים יִנְהָ֑גוּ יַ֝חְבְּל֗וּ שׁ֣וֹר אַלְמָנָֽה׃‬

They drive away an orphan's donkey;

They take away a widow's ox as security.

Job 24:4 ‫יַטּ֣וּ אֶבְיוֹנִ֣ים מִדָּ֑רֶךְ יַ֥חַד חֻ֝בְּא֗וּ עֲנִיֵּי־אָֽרֶץ׃‬

They turn the poor aside from the way;

The poor of the earth are driven into hiding together.

Job 24:5 ‫הֵ֤ן פְּרָאִ֨ים ׀ בַּֽמִּדְבָּ֗ר יָצְא֣וּ בְּ֭פָעֳלָם מְשַׁחֲרֵ֣י לַטָּ֑רֶף עֲרָבָ֥ה ל֥וֹ לֶ֝֗חֶם לַנְּעָרִֽים׃‬

See how as wild asses in the desert they go out

In their business of diligently seeking food.

An arid tract is feeding ground

For each and for their young.

for each ← for him.

We take this verse and up to Job 24:8, and also Job 24:11 - 24:12b as referring to the poor, who are exploited. AV differs, as does [CB].
Job 24:6 ‫בַּ֭שָּׂדֶה בְּלִיל֣וֹ *יקצירו **יִקְצ֑וֹרוּ וְכֶ֖רֶם רָשָׁ֣ע יְלַקֵּֽשׁוּ׃‬

In the field they reap their food,

And they glean the vineyard of a wicked man.

they reap: the ketiv (hiphil stem-formation) is a variant of the qeré (qal stem-formation).

their food ← his fodder.
Job 24:7 ‫עָר֣וֹם יָ֭לִינוּ מִבְּלִ֣י לְב֑וּשׁ וְאֵ֥ין כְּ֝ס֗וּת בַּקָּרָֽה׃‬

They spend the night naked for lack of clothing,

And they have no covering in the cold.

they spend the night: AV differs, being causative, which is not necessarily the case.
Job 24:8 ‫מִזֶּ֣רֶם הָרִ֣ים יִרְטָ֑בוּ וּֽמִבְּלִ֥י מַ֝חְסֶ֗ה חִבְּקוּ־צֽוּר׃‬

They become wet with mountain rainstorms,

And for lack of shelter they embrace a rock.

Job 24:9 ‫יִ֭גְזְלוּ מִשֹּׁ֣ד יָת֑וֹם וְֽעַל־עָנִ֥י יַחְבֹּֽלוּ׃‬

They tear away the orphan for gain,

And they enslave the poor with debt.

for gain: AV differs (from the breast).

they enslave ... with debt ← bind by a pledge.
Job 24:10 ‫עָר֣וֹם הִ֭לְּכוּ בְּלִ֣י לְב֑וּשׁ וּ֝רְעֵבִ֗ים נָ֣שְׂאוּ עֹֽמֶר׃‬

They cause him to go naked for lack of clothing,

And they take away the sheaf from the hungry.

Job 24:11 ‫בֵּין־שׁוּרֹתָ֥ם יַצְהִ֑ירוּ יְקָבִ֥ים דָּ֝רְכ֗וּ וַיִּצְמָֽאוּ׃‬

Within their walls they press out new oil;

They tread the wine vats,

Yet are thirsty.

We take the verse and Job 24:12b as referring to the poor.

yet: adversative / concessive use of the vav.
Job 24:12 ‫מֵ֘עִ֤יר מְתִ֨ים ׀ יִנְאָ֗קוּ וְנֶֽפֶשׁ־חֲלָלִ֥ים תְּשַׁוֵּ֑עַ וֶ֝אֱל֗וֹהַּ לֹא־יָשִׂ֥ים תִּפְלָֽה׃‬

From the city, men groan,

And the inward being of the wounded cries out,

Yet God does not impute them their depravity.

inward being ← soul.

yet: adversative / concessive use of the vav.
Job 24:13 ‫הֵ֤מָּה ׀ הָיוּ֮ בְּֽמֹרְדֵ֫י־א֥וֹר לֹֽא־הִכִּ֥ירוּ דְרָכָ֑יו וְלֹ֥א יָ֝שְׁב֗וּ בִּנְתִיבֹתָֽיו׃‬

These people are those who rebel against the light;

They do not recognize his ways,

And they do not remain in his paths.

Job 24:14 ‫לָא֡וֹר יָ֘ק֤וּם רוֹצֵ֗חַ יִֽקְטָל־עָנִ֥י וְאֶבְי֑וֹן וּ֝בַלַּ֗יְלָה יְהִ֣י כַגַּנָּֽב׃‬

At first light the murderer rises

And kills the poor and needy,

And at night he is a thief.

Job 24:15 ‫וְעֵ֤ין נֹאֵ֨ף ׀ שָׁ֤מְרָֽה נֶ֣שֶׁף לֵ֭אמֹר לֹא־תְשׁוּרֵ֣נִי עָ֑יִן וְסֵ֖תֶר פָּנִ֣ים יָשִֽׂים׃‬

The eye of the adulterer observes darkness,

Saying, ‘No eye shall behold me’,

And he puts a covering on his face.

darkness: AV differs (twilight).

covering ← secret.
Job 24:16 ‫חָתַ֥ר בַּחֹ֗שֶׁךְ בָּ֫תִּ֥ים יוֹמָ֥ם חִתְּמוּ־לָ֗מוֹ לֹא־יָ֥דְעוּ אֽוֹר׃‬

He breaks into houses in the darkness,

Which in the daytime they mark out for themselves.

They do not know the light.

breaks into ← digs (through).

mark out ← seal up.
Job 24:17 ‫כִּ֤י יַחְדָּ֨ו ׀ בֹּ֣קֶר לָ֣מוֹ צַלְמָ֑וֶת כִּֽי־יַ֝כִּ֗יר בַּלְה֥וֹת צַלְמָֽוֶת׃‬

For the morning for them is altogether the shadow of death,

For each knows the terrors of the shadow of death,

the shadow of death ... the shadow of death: otiose, but see Gen 12:5.

AV differs (if one know them [=recognize them], they are in ...) which is also possible.
Job 24:18 ‫קַֽל־ה֤וּא ׀ עַל־פְּנֵי־מַ֗יִם תְּקֻלַּ֣ל חֶלְקָתָ֣ם בָּאָ֑רֶץ לֹֽא־יִ֝פְנֶה דֶּ֣רֶךְ כְּרָמִֽים׃‬

Which is swift upon the surface of the water;

Their portion is cursed upon the earth.

He will not return to the way of the vineyards.

return to: AV differs (beholdeth).
Job 24:19 ‫צִיָּ֤ה גַם־חֹ֗ם יִגְזְל֥וּ מֵֽימֵי־שֶׁ֗לֶג שְׁא֣וֹל חָטָֽאוּ׃‬

As drought and heat snatch away the snowy waters,

So the grave snatches those who have sinned.

snowy waters ← waters of snow, a Hebraic genitive.
Job 24:20 ‫יִשְׁכָּ֘חֵ֤הוּ רֶ֨חֶם ׀ מְתָ֘ק֤וֹ רִמָּ֗ה ע֥וֹד לֹֽא־יִזָּכֵ֑ר וַתִּשָּׁבֵ֖ר כָּעֵ֣ץ עַוְלָֽה׃‬

The womb will disown him;

The worm will feed sweetly on him.

He will no longer be remembered,

And iniquity will be shivered like a tree.

disown ← forget.
Job 24:21 ‫רֹעֶ֣ה עֲ֭קָרָה לֹ֣א תֵלֵ֑ד וְ֝אַלְמָנָ֗ה לֹ֣א יְיֵטִֽיב׃‬

He devours the barren,

Who has not given birth,

And to the widow he does not do good.

Job 24:22 ‫וּמָשַׁ֣ךְ אַבִּירִ֣ים בְּכֹח֑וֹ יָ֝ק֗וּם וְֽלֹא־יַאֲמִ֥ין בַּֽחַיִּֽין׃‬

He drags away the mighty by his strength;

He rises,

And no-one is sure of his life.

is sure of ← believes in.

his life: in an Aramaic form.
Job 24:23 ‫יִתֶּן־ל֣וֹ לָ֭בֶטַח וְיִשָּׁעֵ֑ן וְ֝עֵינֵ֗יהוּ עַל־דַּרְכֵיהֶֽם׃‬

God grants him security,

And he relies on it,

But his eyes are on their ways.

but: adversative use of the vav.
Job 24:24 ‫ר֤וֹמּוּ מְּעַ֨ט ׀ וְֽאֵינֶ֗נּוּ וְֽהֻמְּכ֗וּ כַּכֹּ֥ל יִקָּפְצ֑וּן וּכְרֹ֖אשׁ שִׁבֹּ֣לֶת יִמָּֽלוּ׃‬

They are exalted for a little while,

Then they are gone,

And they waste away.

Like all others, they are gathered into the grave.

And like the top of a stem of corn,

They are cut off.

they are gone ← he (is) not.

are gathered into the graveare enclosed, or die.

stem ← ear, but we presume the whole ear of corn is cut off.
Job 24:25 ‫וְאִם־לֹ֣א אֵ֭פוֹ מִ֣י יַכְזִיבֵ֑נִי וְיָשֵׂ֥ם לְ֝אַ֗ל מִלָּתִֽי׃ ס‬

And if it is not so, who will convict me of falsehood

And make my speech null and void?”

Job 25:1 ‫וַ֭יַּעַן בִּלְדַּ֥ד הַשֻּׁחִ֗י וַיֹּאמַֽר׃‬ Then Bildad the Shuhite answered and said,
Job 25:2 ‫הַמְשֵׁ֣ל וָפַ֣חַד עִמּ֑וֹ עֹשֶׂ֥ה שָׁ֝ל֗וֹם בִּמְרוֹמָֽיו׃‬

Dominion and fear are with him

The one who makes peace in his high places.

dominion: infinitive absolute in the role of a gerund, translated as a noun.
Job 25:3 ‫הֲיֵ֣שׁ מִ֭סְפָּר לִגְדוּדָ֑יו וְעַל־מִ֝֗י לֹא־יָק֥וּם אוֹרֵֽהוּ׃‬

Do his troops have a number?

And upon whom does his light not rise?

Job 25:4 ‫וּמַה־יִּצְדַּ֣ק אֱנ֣וֹשׁ עִם־אֵ֑ל וּמַה־יִּ֝זְכֶּ֗ה יְל֣וּד אִשָּֽׁה׃‬

And how can man be justified with God?

And how can he who is born of a woman be pure?

Job 25:5 ‫הֵ֣ן עַד־יָ֭רֵחַ וְלֹ֣א יַאֲהִ֑יל וְ֝כוֹכָבִ֗ים לֹא־זַכּ֥וּ בְעֵינָֽיו׃‬

Behold, even the moon

(But it does not shine,)

And the stars

Are not pure in his sight.

Job 25:6 ‫אַ֭ף כִּֽי־אֱנ֣וֹשׁ רִמָּ֑ה וּבֶן־אָ֝דָ֗ם תּוֹלֵעָֽה׃ פ‬

How much less man,

Destined for worms,

And the son of Adam,

Destined for maggots.”

worms ... maggots ← (the) worm ... (the) maggot. Compare Isa 14:11. AV differs (which is a worm etc.).
Job 26:1 ‫וַיַּ֥עַן אִיּ֗וֹב וַיֹּאמַֽר׃‬ Then Job answered and said,
Job 26:2 ‫מֶה־עָזַ֥רְתָּ לְלֹא־כֹ֑חַ ה֝וֹשַׁ֗עְתָּ זְר֣וֹעַ לֹא־עֹֽז׃‬

“How have you have helped him

Who is without power,

And saved him

Whose arm is without strength?

This verse could be regarded as ironic, with an exclamation mark, not a question mark. But the verses following seem to be straight questions.
Job 26:3 ‫מַה־יָּ֭עַצְתָּ לְלֹ֣א חָכְמָ֑ה וְ֝תוּשִׁיָּ֗ה לָרֹ֥ב הוֹדָֽעְתָּ׃‬

How have you given counsel to him

Who is without wisdom?

And how have you taught insight

To the multitude?

the multitude: AV differs (plentifully), and [CB] (fully).
Job 26:4 ‫אֶת־מִ֭י הִגַּ֣דְתָּ מִלִּ֑ין וְנִשְׁמַת־מִ֝י יָצְאָ֥ה מִמֶּֽךָּ׃‬

To whom have you declared words,

And whose inspiration came from you?

words: in an Aramaic form.

came ← came out.
Job 26:5 ‫הָרְפָאִ֥ים יְחוֹלָ֑לוּ מִתַּ֥חַת מַ֝֗יִם וְשֹׁכְנֵיהֶֽם׃‬

Do the Rephaim give birth under the water,

Or do those who lie there with them?

Rephaim: see [CB] App. 25. AV differs (dead).

water: standing for sea or groundwater.

those who lie there with them ← their dwellers / liers.

AV differs (dead things are formed from under the waters ...).
Job 26:6 ‫עָר֣וֹם שְׁא֣וֹל נֶגְדּ֑וֹ וְאֵ֥ין כְּ֝ס֗וּת לָֽאֲבַדּֽוֹן׃‬

The grave is naked before him,

And there is no covering for the place of destruction.

destruction: Hebrew Abaddon; compare Rev 9:11.
Job 26:7 ‫נֹטֶ֣ה צָפ֣וֹן עַל־תֹּ֑הוּ תֹּ֥לֶה אֶ֝֗רֶץ עַל־בְּלִי־מָֽה׃‬

He stretches out the north over desolation,

And hangs the earth on nothing,

Job 26:8 ‫צֹרֵֽר־מַ֥יִם בְּעָבָ֑יו וְלֹא־נִבְקַ֖ע עָנָ֣ן תַּחְתָּֽם׃‬

Binding up waters on his thick clouds,

While the cloud below them is not laid open.

Job 26:9 ‫מְאַחֵ֥ז פְּנֵי־כִסֵּ֑ה פַּרְשֵׁ֖ז עָלָ֣יו עֲנָנֽוֹ׃‬

He takes hold of the front of his throne

And spreads his cloud on it.

front ← face; surface.
Job 26:10 ‫חֹֽק־חָ֭ג עַל־פְּנֵי־מָ֑יִם עַד־תַּכְלִ֖ית א֣וֹר עִם־חֹֽשֶׁךְ׃‬

He circumscribes a bound round the surface of the water

At the terminator between light and dark.

bound ← statute.
Job 26:11 ‫עַמּוּדֵ֣י שָׁמַ֣יִם יְרוֹפָ֑פוּ וְ֝יִתְמְה֗וּ מִגַּעֲרָתֽוֹ׃‬

The pillars of heaven are shaken

And are astonished at his rebuke.

Job 26:12 ‫בְּ֭כֹחוֹ רָגַ֣ע הַיָּ֑ם *ובתובנתו **וּ֝בִתְבוּנָת֗וֹ מָ֣חַץ רָֽהַב׃‬

By his power the sea roars,

And by his understanding

He dashes pride.

understanding: the ketiv can be regarded as a variant form of the qeré.

the sea roars: AV differs (he divideth the sea), and [CB] (he calms the sea). The word רָגַע is a homonym, make a noise and be quiet (intransitive in both cases).

pride: also a name of Egypt, Rahab.
Job 26:13 ‫בְּ֭רוּחוֹ שָׁמַ֣יִם שִׁפְרָ֑ה חֹֽלֲלָ֥ה יָ֝ד֗וֹ נָחָ֥שׁ בָּרִֽיחַ׃‬

By his spirit the heavens are beautifully made;

His hand formed the constellation of the fleeing serpent.

are beautifully made(are) beauty.

the constellation of the fleeing serpent: known in our day as serpens caput and serpens cauda, the head and tail of the serpent.
Job 26:14 ‫הֶן־אֵ֤לֶּה ׀ קְצ֬וֹת *דרכו **דְּרָכָ֗יו וּמַה־שֵּׁ֣מֶץ דָּ֭בָר נִשְׁמַע־בּ֑וֹ וְרַ֥עַם *גבורתו **גְּ֝בוּרוֹתָ֗יו מִ֣י יִתְבּוֹנָֽן׃ ס‬

Behold, these are the outlines of his {Q: ways} [K: way],

For only a whisper of the matter is heard,

But who can understand the thunder of his {K: power} [Q: mighty acts]?”

ways (qeré) ... way (ketiv): the ketiv could be regarded as a scriptio defectiva spelling of the qeré.

power: the ketiv can be regarded as a scriptio defectiva spelling of the qeré, and the word is considerably more common in the singular than the plural (about 80%:20%).
Job 27:1 ‫וַיֹּ֣סֶף אִ֭יּוֹב שְׂאֵ֥ת מְשָׁל֗וֹ וַיֹּאמַֽר׃‬ Then Job went further in expounding his argument and said, in expounding his argument ← to lift his parable. Gerundial use of the infinitive.
Job 27:2 ‫חַי־אֵ֭ל הֵסִ֣יר מִשְׁפָּטִ֑י וְ֝שַׁדַּ֗י הֵמַ֥ר נַפְשִֽׁי׃‬

As God lives,

Who has taken my justice away,

And the Almighty,

Who has embittered my feelings,

feelings ← soul.
Job 27:3 ‫כִּֽי־כָל־ע֣וֹד נִשְׁמָתִ֣י בִ֑י וְר֖וּחַ אֱל֣וֹהַּ בְּאַפִּֽי׃‬

As long as my breath is in me,

And the spirit of God is in my nostrils,

nostrils ← nostril, nose, or anger.
Job 27:4 ‫אִם־תְּדַבֵּ֣רְנָה שְׂפָתַ֣י עַוְלָ֑ה וּ֝לְשׁוֹנִ֗י אִם־יֶהְגֶּ֥ה רְמִיָּֽה׃‬

My lips shall certainly not speak wickedness,

And my tongue shall certainly not utter deceit.

shall certainly not speak ... shall certainly not utter: strong denial using an abbreviation of the oath formula of 2 Sam 3:35.
Job 27:5 ‫חָלִ֣ילָה לִּי֮ אִם־אַצְדִּ֪יק אֶ֫תְכֶ֥ם עַד־אֶגְוָ֑ע לֹא־אָסִ֖יר תֻּמָּתִ֣י מִמֶּֽנִּי׃‬

Far be it from me to justify you.

I will not renounce my integrity

Before I expire.

you: plural.

renounce ← remove from me.

before ← until; up to.
Job 27:6 ‫בְּצִדְקָתִ֣י הֶ֭חֱזַקְתִּי וְלֹ֣א אַרְפֶּ֑הָ לֹֽא־יֶחֱרַ֥ף לְ֝בָבִ֗י מִיָּמָֽי׃‬

I have held on to my righteousness,

And I will not relent on it.

My heart shall not reproach me

In all my days.

Job 27:7 ‫יְהִ֣י כְ֭רָשָׁע אֹ֣יְבִ֑י וּמִתְקוֹמְמִ֥י כְעַוָּֽל׃‬

Let my enemy be declared wicked,

And my opponent unjust.

wicked ... unjust ← as wicked ... as unjust.
Job 27:8 ‫כִּ֤י מַה־תִּקְוַ֣ת חָ֭נֵף כִּ֣י יִבְצָ֑ע כִּ֤י יֵ֖שֶׁל אֱל֣וֹהַּ נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃‬

For what is the hope of the profane

If he has made unjust gain,

If God is indifferent to his life?

profane: see Job 8:13.

is indifferent to: or, taking the word as standing for יִשְׁאַל, requires. AV differs (taketh away).

life ← soul.
Job 27:9 ‫הַֽ֭צַעֲקָתוֹ יִשְׁמַ֥ע ׀ אֵ֑ל כִּֽי־תָב֖וֹא עָלָ֣יו צָרָֽה׃‬

Will God hear his cry

When adversity comes upon him?

Job 27:10 ‫אִם־עַל־שַׁדַּ֥י יִתְעַנָּ֑ג יִקְרָ֖א אֱל֣וֹהַּ בְּכָל־עֵֽת׃‬

Will he delight in the Almighty?

Will he call on God at all times?”

Job 27:11 ‫אוֹרֶ֣ה אֶתְכֶ֣ם בְּיַד־אֵ֑ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר עִם־שַׁ֝דַּ֗י לֹ֣א אֲכַחֵֽד׃‬

“I will teach you by the hand of God;

I will not hide that which is with the Almighty.

Zophar's third address starts here and ends at Job 28:28. See [CB].

you: plural.
Job 27:12 ‫הֵן־אַתֶּ֣ם כֻּלְּכֶ֣ם חֲזִיתֶ֑ם וְלָמָּה־זֶּ֝֗ה הֶ֣בֶל תֶּהְבָּֽלוּ׃‬

Behold, all of you have seen it.

Why then do you act so very vainly?

act so very vainly ← act vainly + cognate noun vanity.
Job 27:13 ‫זֶ֤ה ׀ חֵֽלֶק־אָדָ֖ם רָשָׁ֥ע ׀ עִם־אֵ֑ל וְֽנַחֲלַ֥ת עָ֝רִיצִ֗ים מִשַּׁדַּ֥י יִקָּֽחוּ׃‬

This is the portion of the wicked man with God,

And the inheritance which tyrants receive from the Almighty.

Job 27:14 ‫אִם־יִרְבּ֣וּ בָנָ֣יו לְמוֹ־חָ֑רֶב וְ֝צֶאֱצָאָ֗יו לֹ֣א יִשְׂבְּעוּ־לָֽחֶם׃‬

If his sons become numerous,

They will be destined for the sword,

And his offspring will not be satisfied with bread.

they will be destined for the sword ← for them (is) the sword.
Job 27:15 ‫*שרידו **שְׂ֭רִידָיו בַּמָּ֣וֶת יִקָּבֵ֑רוּ וְ֝אַלְמְנֹתָ֗יו לֹ֣א תִבְכֶּֽינָה׃‬

Those who survive him will be buried in death,

And his widowed daughters-in-law will not weep.

those who survive him: the ketiv can be regarded as a scriptio defectiva spelling of the qeré, because the verb is plural. Otherwise, the ketiv reads he who survives him with a discordant verb.

his widowed daughters-in-lawhis widows.
Job 27:16 ‫אִם־יִצְבֹּ֣ר כֶּעָפָ֣ר כָּ֑סֶף וְ֝כַחֹ֗מֶר יָכִ֥ין מַלְבּֽוּשׁ׃‬

If he heaps up silver like dust

And prepares luxury clothing like clay,

Job 27:17 ‫יָ֭כִין וְצַדִּ֣יק יִלְבָּ֑שׁ וְ֝כֶ֗סֶף נָקִ֥י יַחֲלֹֽק׃‬

He may prepare it,

But the righteous man will wear it,

And the innocent will divide the silver.

Job 27:18 ‫בָּנָ֣ה כָעָ֣שׁ בֵּית֑וֹ וּ֝כְסֻכָּ֗ה עָשָׂ֥ה נֹצֵֽר׃‬

He builds a house like the moth,

And as a booth which a guard makes.

guard: [CB]= vineyard watcher.
Job 27:19 ‫עָשִׁ֣יר יִ֭שְׁכַּב וְלֹ֣א יֵאָסֵ֑ף עֵינָ֖יו פָּקַ֣ח וְאֵינֶֽנּוּ׃‬

The rich man lies down

But is not reunited with his forefathers;

He opens his eyes,

And his wealth has gone.

has gone ← he / it (is) not (there).
Job 27:20 ‫תַּשִּׂיגֵ֣הוּ כַ֭מַּיִם בַּלָּה֑וֹת לַ֝֗יְלָה גְּנָבַ֥תּוּ סוּפָֽה׃‬

Every terror will overtake him like water;

At night a whirlwind will steal him away.

every terror ← terrors and a singular verb.
Job 27:21 ‫יִשָּׂאֵ֣הוּ קָדִ֣ים וְיֵלַ֑ךְ וִֽ֝ישָׂעֲרֵ֗הוּ מִמְּקֹמֽוֹ׃‬

The east wind will bear him away,

And away he will go,

And a storm will sweep him from his place.

Job 27:22 ‫וְיַשְׁלֵ֣ךְ עָ֭לָיו וְלֹ֣א יַחְמֹ֑ל מִ֝יָּד֗וֹ בָּר֥וֹחַ יִבְרָֽח׃‬

For he will cast terrors on him,

And he will not spare.

He will certainly want to flee from his hand.

he will certainly want to flee: infinitive absolute.
Job 27:23 ‫יִשְׂפֹּ֣ק עָלֵ֣ימוֹ כַפֵּ֑ימוֹ וְיִשְׁרֹ֥ק עָ֝לָ֗יו מִמְּקֹמֽוֹ׃‬

He will clap his hands at him

And hiss him away from his place.

his hands: we take the suffix as singular. See [Ges-HG] §103f note 3, and compare Job 20:23, Job 22:2.
Job 28:1 ‫כִּ֤י יֵ֣שׁ לַכֶּ֣סֶף מוֹצָ֑א וּ֝מָק֗וֹם לַזָּהָ֥ב יָזֹֽקּוּ׃‬

Now for silver there is a vein,

And there is a place where they refine gold.

Zophar's address continues. See [CB].

a place where they refine gold ← a place for gold (where) they refine.
Job 28:2 ‫בַּ֭רְזֶל מֵעָפָ֣ר יֻקָּ֑ח וְ֝אֶ֗בֶן יָצ֥וּק נְחוּשָֽׁה׃‬

Iron is obtained from ore,

And mineral is cast into copper.

ore ← dust.

mineral ← stone.
Job 28:3 ‫קֵ֤ץ ׀ שָׂ֤ם לַחֹ֗שֶׁךְ וּֽלְכָל־תַּ֭כְלִית ה֣וּא חוֹקֵ֑ר אֶ֖בֶן אֹ֣פֶל וְצַלְמָֽוֶת׃‬

The miner discounts darkness,

And in every direction he searches for minerals,

In thick darkness and the shadow of death.

the miner: AV differs (God). AV misses the context of mining throughout.

discounts ← puts an end to.

minerals ← stone.
Job 28:4 ‫פָּ֤רַץ נַ֨חַל ׀ מֵֽעִם־גָּ֗ר הַֽנִּשְׁכָּחִ֥ים מִנִּי־רָ֑גֶל דַּ֖לּוּ מֵאֱנ֣וֹשׁ נָֽעוּ׃‬

He sinks a shaft with a migrant workforce,

Who do not use their feet.

They are lowered down;

They move about unnaturally.

he sinks a shaft: AV differs (the flood breaketh out).

with a migrant workforcefrom with a (temporary) dweller.

who do not use their feet ← who (are) forgotten from the foot, i.e. dangling.

unnaturally ← (differently) from man, because they are dangling.
Job 28:5 ‫אֶ֗רֶץ מִמֶּ֥נָּה יֵֽצֵא־לָ֑חֶם וְ֝תַחְתֶּ֗יהָ נֶהְפַּ֥ךְ כְּמוֹ־אֵֽשׁ׃‬

As for the land, from it comes bread,

But underneath it,

It is like fire swirling around.

land ← earth.

comes ← comes out.

it is like fire swirling around ← it turns as fire.
Job 28:6 ‫מְקוֹם־סַפִּ֥יר אֲבָנֶ֑יהָ וְעַפְרֹ֖ת זָהָ֣ב לֽוֹ׃‬

Amongst its stones is a place of sapphire;

It includes gold-bearing ore.

ore ← dust.
Job 28:7 ‫נָ֭תִיב לֹֽא־יְדָ֣עוֹ עָ֑יִט וְלֹ֥א שְׁ֝זָפַ֗תּוּ עֵ֣ין אַיָּֽה׃‬

This is a path which the bird of prey does not know,

And the eye of the kite has not seen.

path: referring to the mineshaft.
Job 28:8 ‫לֹֽא־הִדְרִיכֻ֥הוּ בְנֵי־שָׁ֑חַץ לֹֽא־עָדָ֖ה עָלָ֣יו שָֽׁחַל׃‬

The lion's whelps have not trodden it,

And the fierce lion has not passed along it.

whelps ← sons of pride. The apparent connection with the English pride of lions is probably an independent development.
Job 28:9 ‫בַּֽ֭חַלָּמִישׁ שָׁלַ֣ח יָד֑וֹ הָפַ֖ךְ מִשֹּׁ֣רֶשׁ הָרִֽים׃‬

At the flint he applies his hand;

He overturns mountains at their roots.

Job 28:10 ‫בַּ֭צּוּרוֹת יְאֹרִ֣ים בִּקֵּ֑עַ וְכָל־יְ֝קָ֗ר רָאֲתָ֥ה עֵינֽוֹ׃‬

He cuts out galleries in the rocks,

And his eye sees every kind of precious gemstone.

Job 28:11 ‫מִ֭בְּכִי נְהָר֣וֹת חִבֵּ֑שׁ וְ֝תַעֲלֻמָ֗הּ יֹ֣צִא אֽוֹר׃ פ‬

He blocks underground rivers from gushing,

And he brings a hidden thing to light.

gushing ← weeping, so perhaps just trickling.

a hidden thing ← its hidden thing.
Job 28:12 ‫וְֽ֭הַחָכְמָה מֵאַ֣יִן תִּמָּצֵ֑א וְאֵ֥י זֶ֝ה מְק֣וֹם בִּינָֽה׃‬

But from where is wisdom obtained?

And where is the place of understanding?

obtained ← found, but also obtained.
Job 28:13 ‫לֹא־יָדַ֣ע אֱנ֣וֹשׁ עֶרְכָּ֑הּ וְלֹ֥א תִ֝מָּצֵ֗א בְּאֶ֣רֶץ הַֽחַיִּֽים׃‬

Man does not know its value,

Nor is it found in the land of the living.

Job 28:14 ‫תְּה֣וֹם אָ֭מַר לֹ֣א בִי־הִ֑יא וְיָ֥ם אָ֝מַ֗ר אֵ֣ין עִמָּדִֽי׃‬

The ocean says,

‘It is not in me’,

And the sea says,

It is not with me.’

Job 28:15 ‫לֹא־יֻתַּ֣ן סְג֣וֹר תַּחְתֶּ֑יהָ וְלֹ֥א יִ֝שָּׁקֵ֗ל כֶּ֣סֶף מְחִירָֽהּ׃‬

Gold cannot be given in exchange for it,

And silver cannot be weighed out as its price.

Job 28:16 ‫לֹֽא־תְ֭סֻלֶּה בְּכֶ֣תֶם אוֹפִ֑יר בְּשֹׁ֖הַם יָקָ֣ר וְסַפִּֽיר׃‬

It cannot be piled in the scales against fine gold from Ophir

Or valuable onyx or sapphire.

Job 28:17 ‫לֹא־יַעַרְכֶ֣נָּה זָ֭הָב וּזְכוֹכִ֑ית וּתְמ֖וּרָתָ֣הּ כְּלִי־פָֽז׃‬

Gold and crystal cannot match its value,

Nor is its exchange value an object of purified gold.

Job 28:18 ‫רָאמ֣וֹת וְ֭גָבִישׁ לֹ֣א יִזָּכֵ֑ר וּמֶ֥שֶׁךְ חָ֝כְמָ֗ה מִפְּנִינִֽים׃‬

Precious gems and crystal are not worth a mention,

But the acquisition of wisdom is worth more than red corals.

are not worth a mention ← are not mentioned.

red corals: or pearls, but see Lam 4:7.
Job 28:19 ‫לֹֽא־יַ֭עַרְכֶנָּה פִּטְדַת־כּ֑וּשׁ בְּכֶ֥תֶם טָ֝ה֗וֹר לֹ֣א תְסֻלֶּֽה׃ פ‬

Ethiopian topaz cannot match its value,

Nor can it be piled in the scales against pure gold.

Job 28:20 ‫וְֽ֭הַחָכְמָה מֵאַ֣יִן תָּב֑וֹא וְאֵ֥י זֶ֝֗ה מְק֣וֹם בִּינָֽה׃‬

But as for wisdom – where does it come from?

And where is the place of understanding?

Job 28:21 ‫וְֽ֭נֶעֶלְמָה מֵעֵינֵ֣י כָל־חָ֑י וּמֵע֖וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֣יִם נִסְתָּֽרָה׃‬

Well, it is concealed from the eyes of every living being,

And it is hidden from the birds of the sky.

well: wider use of the vav.
Job 28:22 ‫אֲבַדּ֣וֹן וָ֭מָוֶת אָ֣מְר֑וּ בְּ֝אָזְנֵ֗ינוּ שָׁמַ֥עְנוּ שִׁמְעָֽהּ׃‬

Destruction and death say,

‘We have heard of its reputation with our ears.’

destruction: see Job 26:6.
Job 28:23 ‫אֱ֭לֹהִים הֵבִ֣ין דַּרְכָּ֑הּ וְ֝ה֗וּא יָדַ֥ע אֶת־מְקוֹמָֽהּ׃‬

God understands its way,

And he knows its place.

Job 28:24 ‫כִּי־ה֭וּא לִקְצוֹת־הָאָ֣רֶץ יַבִּ֑יט תַּ֖חַת כָּל־הַשָּׁמַ֣יִם יִרְאֶֽה׃‬

For he looks to the ends of the earth;

He sees what is under all the heavens.

Job 28:25 ‫לַעֲשׂ֣וֹת לָר֣וּחַ מִשְׁקָ֑ל וּ֝מַ֗יִם תִּכֵּ֥ן בְּמִדָּֽה׃‬

It was to give weight to the wind

When he weighed water accurately,

give weight ← make weight.

accurately ← by measurement.
Job 28:26 ‫בַּעֲשֹׂת֣וֹ לַמָּטָ֣ר חֹ֑ק וְ֝דֶ֗רֶךְ לַחֲזִ֥יז קֹלֽוֹת׃‬

And when he issued a statute to the rain,

And a way for lightning and thunderclaps.

he issued a statute to the rain ... a way for lightning and thunderclaps: i.e. he fixed laws of nature which determine when it ↴
Job 28:27 ‫אָ֣ז רָ֭אָהּ וַֽיְסַפְּרָ֑הּ הֱ֝כִינָ֗הּ וְגַם־חֲקָרָֽהּ׃‬

Then he saw it

And declared it.

He established it

And searched it out.

↳ rains and the way electrical discharge in clouds works.
Job 28:28 ‫וַיֹּ֤אמֶר ׀ לָֽאָדָ֗ם הֵ֤ן יִרְאַ֣ת אֲ֭דֹנָי הִ֣יא חָכְמָ֑ה וְס֖וּר מֵרָ֣ע בִּינָֽה׃ ס‬

And he said to man,

‘Behold, the fear of the Lord* is wisdom,

And to depart from evil is understanding.’ ”

Lord*: a change by the Sopherim from יהוה, Yhvh, to אֲדֹנָי, Adonai. See Gen 18:3 and [CB] App. 32.

Compare this verse with Prov 9:10 and Ps 111:10.
Job 29:1 ‫וַיֹּ֣סֶף אִ֭יּוֹב שְׂאֵ֥ת מְשָׁל֗וֹ וַיֹּאמַֽר׃‬ Then Job again delivered a discourse on his part and said, a discourse on his parthis discourse.
Job 29:2 ‫מִֽי־יִתְּנֵ֥נִי כְיַרְחֵי־קֶ֑דֶם כִּ֝ימֵ֗י אֱל֣וֹהַּ יִשְׁמְרֵֽנִי׃‬

If only I were as in months past,

As in the days when God protected me,

if only ← who will give.
Job 29:3 ‫בְּהִלּ֣וֹ נֵ֭רוֹ עֲלֵ֣י רֹאשִׁ֑י לְ֝אוֹרוֹ אֵ֣לֶךְ חֹֽשֶׁךְ׃‬

When he shone his light on my head,

When I walked by his light in darkness,

Job 29:4 ‫כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר הָ֭יִיתִי בִּימֵ֣י חָרְפִּ֑י בְּס֥וֹד אֱ֝ל֗וֹהַּ עֲלֵ֣י אָהֳלִֽי׃‬

When I was in my autumnal days,

With the secret counsel of God in my tent,

my autumnal: indicating maturity, but not old age. AV differs, interpreting as of my youth; [BDB] as of my prime.
Job 29:5 ‫בְּע֣וֹד שַׁ֭דַּי עִמָּדִ֑י סְבִ֖יבוֹתַ֣י נְעָרָֽי׃‬

When the Almighty was still with me,

When my children were round about me,

Job 29:6 ‫בִּרְחֹ֣ץ הֲלִיכַ֣י בְּחֵמָ֑ה וְצ֥וּר יָצ֥וּק עִ֝מָּדִ֗י פַּלְגֵי־שָֽׁמֶן׃‬

When my steps were washed with buttermilk

And the rock poured out streams of oil for me,

Job 29:7 ‫בְּצֵ֣אתִי שַׁ֣עַר עֲלֵי־קָ֑רֶת בָּ֝רְח֗וֹב אָכִ֥ין מוֹשָׁבִֽי׃‬

When I went out to the gate of the city,

And when I prepared my seat in the street.

gate of ← gate at.
Job 29:8 ‫רָא֣וּנִי נְעָרִ֣ים וְנֶחְבָּ֑אוּ וִֽ֝ישִׁישִׁים קָ֣מוּ עָמָֽדוּ׃‬

Young men would see me and make way for me,

And old men would rise and stand.

make way for meconceal themselves.
Job 29:9 ‫שָׂ֭רִים עָצְר֣וּ בְמִלִּ֑ים וְ֝כַ֗ף יָשִׂ֥ימוּ לְפִיהֶֽם׃‬

Princes would hold back their words

And put their hand to their mouth.

Job 29:10 ‫קוֹל־נְגִידִ֥ים נֶחְבָּ֑אוּ וּ֝לְשׁוֹנָ֗ם לְחִכָּ֥ם דָּבֵֽקָה׃‬

The voice of the governors would be hushed,

And their tongue would cleave to their palate.

hushed ← concealed.
Job 29:11 ‫כִּ֤י אֹ֣זֶן שָׁ֭מְעָה וַֽתְּאַשְּׁרֵ֑נִי וְעַ֥יִן רָ֝אֲתָ֗ה וַתְּעִידֵֽנִי׃‬

For the ear that heard me would bless me,

And the eye that saw me would bear witness to me.

Job 29:12 ‫כִּֽי־אֲ֭מַלֵּט עָנִ֣י מְשַׁוֵּ֑עַ וְ֝יָת֗וֹם וְֽלֹא־עֹזֵ֥ר לֽוֹ׃‬

For I delivered the poor who cried out,

And the orphan who had no-one to help him.

orphan who: AV differs (fatherless and him that), which breaks the pairwise structure of verses in this chapter, especially verse 8 - 13.
Job 29:13 ‫בִּרְכַּ֣ת אֹ֭בֵד עָלַ֣י תָּבֹ֑א וְלֵ֖ב אַלְמָנָ֣ה אַרְנִֽן׃‬

The blessing for him who was dying would fall to me,

And I would cause the heart of the widow to rejoice.

blessing forblessing of.

fall to ← come upon. Job gives a blessing; he does receive it.
Job 29:14 ‫צֶ֣דֶק לָ֭בַשְׁתִּי וַיִּלְבָּשֵׁ֑נִי כִּֽמְעִ֥יל וְ֝צָנִ֗יף מִשְׁפָּטִֽי׃‬

I put on righteousness,

And it clothed me;

My justice was as a coat and turban.

Job 29:15 ‫עֵינַ֣יִם הָ֭יִיתִי לַֽעִוֵּ֑ר וְרַגְלַ֖יִם לַפִּסֵּ֣חַ אָֽנִי׃‬

I was eyes to the blind,

And I was feet to the lame.

Job 29:16 ‫אָ֣ב אָ֭נֹכִֽי לָֽאֶבְיוֹנִ֑ים וְרִ֖ב לֹא־יָדַ֣עְתִּי אֶחְקְרֵֽהוּ׃‬

I was a father to the poor,

And if there was a dispute

Which I did not know the details of,

I would investigate it.

Job 29:17 ‫וָֽ֭אֲשַׁבְּרָה מְתַלְּע֣וֹת עַוָּ֑ל וּ֝מִשִּׁנָּ֗יו אַשְׁלִ֥יךְ טָֽרֶף׃‬

And I broke the incisors of the unjust,

And I plucked the spoil out of his teeth.

Job 29:18 ‫וָ֭אֹמַר עִם־קִנִּ֣י אֶגְוָ֑ע וְ֝כַח֗וֹל אַרְבֶּ֥ה יָמִֽים׃‬

And I said,

‘I will expire when my home does,

And multiply my days like the sand.’

when my home doeswith my nest.
Job 29:19 ‫שָׁרְשִׁ֣י פָת֣וּחַ אֱלֵי־מָ֑יִם וְ֝טַ֗ל יָלִ֥ין בִּקְצִירִֽי׃‬

My root spread out to the water,

And dew lodged on my branch.

spread out ← was open.
Job 29:20 ‫כְּ֭בוֹדִי חָדָ֣שׁ עִמָּדִ֑י וְ֝קַשְׁתִּ֗י בְּיָדִ֥י תַחֲלִֽיף׃‬

The honour I had was fresh,

And my bow in my hand was full of vitality.

fresh ← new.

my bow in my hand: standing for my strength.
Job 29:21 ‫לִֽי־שָׁמְע֥וּ וְיִחֵ֑לּוּ וְ֝יִדְּמ֗וּ לְמ֣וֹ עֲצָתִֽי׃‬

Men would listen to me and wait;

They would be silent for my advice.

Job 29:22 ‫אַחֲרֵ֣י דְ֭בָרִי לֹ֣א יִשְׁנ֑וּ וְ֝עָלֵ֗ימוֹ תִּטֹּ֥ף מִלָּתִֽי׃‬

After my words they did not differ with me,

And my words condensed on them.

words ← word, speech.
Job 29:23 ‫וְיִֽחֲל֣וּ כַמָּטָ֣ר לִ֑י וּ֝פִיהֶ֗ם פָּעֲר֥וּ לְמַלְקֽוֹשׁ׃‬

And they waited for me as for rain,

And they would open their mouth as for the latter rain.

Job 29:24 ‫אֶשְׂחַ֣ק אֲ֭לֵהֶם לֹ֣א יַאֲמִ֑ינוּ וְא֥וֹר פָּ֝נַ֗י לֹ֣א יַפִּילֽוּן׃‬

They had the certainty that I would not laugh at them,

And they would never depress my cheerfulness.

they had the certainty that I would not laugh at them ← they did not believe (that) I would laugh at them.

never ← not.

my cheerfulness ← the light of my face.
Job 29:25 ‫אֶֽבֲחַ֣ר דַּרְכָּם֮ וְאֵשֵׁ֪ב רֹ֥אשׁ וְ֭אֶשְׁכּוֹן כְּמֶ֣לֶךְ בַּגְּד֑וּד כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר אֲבֵלִ֣ים יְנַחֵֽם׃‬

I chose their course of action for them,

And I sat as chief,

And I dwelt like a king among his troops,

And as one who comforts those who mourn.

Job 30:1 ‫וְעַתָּ֤ה ׀ שָֽׂחֲק֣וּ עָלַי֮ צְעִירִ֥ים מִמֶּ֗נִּי לְיָ֫מִ֥ים אֲשֶׁר־מָאַ֥סְתִּי אֲבוֹתָ֑ם לָ֝שִׁ֗ית עִם־כַּלְבֵ֥י צֹאנִֽי׃‬

But now those who are younger than me in days laugh at me,

Whose fathers I would have declined to appoint in charge of my sheepdogs.

than me: or, if the reader prefers, than I.
Job 30:2 ‫גַּם־כֹּ֣חַ יְ֭דֵיהֶם לָ֣מָּה לִּ֑י עָ֝לֵ֗ימוֹ אָ֣בַד כָּֽלַח׃‬

Moreover, what use would their strong hands have been to me,

Considering they lacked maturity?

their strong hands ← the strength of their hands, translated as a reverse Hebraic genitive.

considering they lacked maturity ← maturity perished on them.
Job 30:3 ‫בְּחֶ֥סֶר וּבְכָפָ֗ן גַּ֫לְמ֥וּד הַֽעֹרְקִ֥ים צִיָּ֑ה אֶ֝֗מֶשׁ שׁוֹאָ֥ה וּמְשֹׁאָֽה׃‬

Through want and hunger they were unproductive;

They were gnawing scraps in a drought-plagued land

Which was in former time desolate and desolated.

unproductive: AV differs (solitary).

gnawing: AV differs (fleeing).
Job 30:4 ‫הַקֹּטְפִ֣ים מַלּ֣וּחַ עֲלֵי־שִׂ֑יחַ וְשֹׁ֖רֶשׁ רְתָמִ֣ים לַחְמָֽם׃‬

They would pluck mallow among the shrubs,

And their food was the root of broom.

mallow: perhaps althaea or honckenya.

food ← bread, standing for food in general. See 1 Sam 28:22-24.
Job 30:5 ‫מִן־גֵּ֥ו יְגֹרָ֑שׁוּ יָרִ֥יעוּ עָ֝לֵ֗ימוֹ כַּגַּנָּֽב׃‬

They were driven out of the community;

People sounded an alarm at them as at a thief,

community ← midst.
Job 30:6 ‫בַּעֲר֣וּץ נְחָלִ֣ים לִשְׁכֹּ֑ן חֹרֵ֖י עָפָ֣ר וְכֵפִֽים׃‬

So that they lived in dangerous gullies

In holes in the ground and in rocks.

dangerous gullies ← the horror of torrents. AV differs (clifts of the valleys), as in NH. [AnLx]= horror; [BDB]= dreadful.

ground ← dust.
Job 30:7 ‫בֵּין־שִׂיחִ֥ים יִנְהָ֑קוּ תַּ֖חַת חָר֣וּל יְסֻפָּֽחוּ׃‬

They brayed among the shrubs;

They gathered together under the thorn bushes.

thorn bushes: or nettles.
Job 30:8 ‫בְּֽנֵי־נָ֭בָל גַּם־בְּנֵ֣י בְלִי־שֵׁ֑ם נִ֝כְּא֗וּ מִן־הָאָֽרֶץ׃‬

They are the sons of the foolish

Verily, the sons of those of no repute.

They were forcibly driven from the land.

verily ← also, but with wider scope.

repute ← name.

forcibly driven ← beaten. AV differs (viler).
Job 30:9 ‫וְ֭עַתָּה נְגִינָתָ֣ם הָיִ֑יתִי וָאֱהִ֖י לָהֶ֣ם לְמִלָּֽה׃‬

And now I have become their song,

And I have become their byword.

song ← music.

byword ← word.
Job 30:10 ‫תִּֽ֭עֲבוּנִי רָ֣חֲקוּ מֶ֑נִּי וּ֝מִפָּנַ֗י לֹא־חָ֥שְׂכוּ רֹֽק׃‬

They abhor me;

They keep their distance from me,

And they do not refrain from spitting in my face.

from spitting: gerundial use of the infinitive, though [AnLx] takes the word as a noun.
Job 30:11 ‫כִּֽי־*יתרו **יִתְרִ֣י פִ֭תַּח וַיְעַנֵּ֑נִי וְ֝רֶ֗סֶן מִפָּנַ֥י שִׁלֵּֽחוּ׃‬

For he has loosed {Q: my} [K: his] cord and oppressed me,

And they have behaved in an unbridled way towards me.

The ketiv / qeré issue is a vav / yod issue.

cord: [CB] interprets as a bow. But compare cord of Eccl 12:6, although the Hebrew word is different.

behaved in an unbridled way towards me ← cast (away) the bridle before me.
Job 30:12 ‫עַל־יָמִין֮ פִּרְחַ֪ח יָ֫ק֥וּמוּ רַגְלַ֥י שִׁלֵּ֑חוּ וַיָּסֹ֥לּוּ עָ֝לַ֗י אָרְח֥וֹת אֵידָֽם׃‬

On the right, a rabble rises up;

They trip up my feet

And set up against me their destructive ways.

a rabble: AV differs (the youth).

set up ← raise up, as a highway.

destructive ways ← ways of destruction.
Job 30:13 ‫נָתְס֗וּ נְֽתִיבָ֫תִ֥י לְהַוָּתִ֥י יֹעִ֑ילוּ לֹ֖א עֹזֵ֣ר לָֽמוֹ׃‬

They ravage my path,

They take advantage of my plight;

They do it gratuitously.

they do it gratuitously ← (it) doesn't help them. AV differs (they have no helper).
Job 30:14 ‫כְּפֶ֣רֶץ רָחָ֣ב יֶאֱתָ֑יוּ תַּ֥חַת שֹׁ֝אָ֗ה הִתְגַּלְגָּֽלוּ׃‬

As through a wide breach they come;

Accompanied by destruction, they roll on.

accompanied by ← under; in place of.
Job 30:15 ‫הָהְפַּ֥ךְ עָלַ֗י בַּלָּ֫ה֥וֹת תִּרְדֹּ֣ף כָּ֭רוּחַ נְדִבָתִ֑י וּ֝כְעָ֗ב עָבְרָ֥ה יְשֻׁעָתִֽי׃‬

Terrors are turned on me,

Which pursue my dignity like the wind,

And my salvation has passed away like a cloud.

are turned ... which pursue: the verbs are singular, so discordant, which is not particularly uncommon in Hebrew. The second verb could be conformed by re-pointing as pual.
Job 30:16 ‫וְעַתָּ֗ה עָ֭לַי תִּשְׁתַּפֵּ֣ךְ נַפְשִׁ֑י יֹ֭אחֲז֣וּנִי יְמֵי־עֹֽנִי׃‬

And now my heart is poured out on me;

Days of affliction have taken their hold on me.

heart ← soul.
Job 30:17 ‫לַ֗יְלָה עֲ֭צָמַי נִקַּ֣ר מֵעָלָ֑י וְ֝עֹרְקַ֗י לֹ֣א יִשְׁכָּבֽוּן׃‬

At night my bones give me shooting pain;

My gnawing nerves do not rest.

at night my bones give me shooting pain ← (the) night my bones it pierces from on me (piel), or (at) night my bones it is pierced from on me (niphal).
Job 30:18 ‫בְּרָב־כֹּ֭חַ יִתְחַפֵּ֣שׂ לְבוּשִׁ֑י כְּפִ֖י כֻתָּנְתִּ֣י יַֽאַזְרֵֽנִי׃‬

With great tightness my covering of skin is like a disguise;

Like the collar of my tunic, it girds me.

tightness ← force, and, dividing by the area, pressure.
Job 30:19 ‫הֹרָ֥נִי לַחֹ֑מֶר וָ֝אֶתְמַשֵּׁ֗ל כֶּעָפָ֥ר וָאֵֽפֶר׃‬

He has cast me into the mire,

And I have become like dust and ashes.”

Job 30:20 ‫אֲשַׁוַּ֣ע אֵ֭לֶיךָ וְלֹ֣א תַעֲנֵ֑נִי עָ֝מַ֗דְתִּי וַתִּתְבֹּ֥נֶן בִּֽי׃‬

“I cry out to you,

But you do not answer me.

I endure the time

For you to attend to me.

Job speaks to God.
Job 30:21 ‫תֵּהָפֵ֣ךְ לְאַכְזָ֣ר לִ֑י בְּעֹ֖צֶם יָדְךָ֣ תִשְׂטְמֵֽנִי׃‬

You have become fierce to me;

You persecute me with your strong hand.

your strong hand ← the strength of your hand.
Job 30:22 ‫תִּשָּׂאֵ֣נִי אֶל־ר֭וּחַ תַּרְכִּיבֵ֑נִי וּ֝תְמֹגְגֵ֗נִי *תשוה **תּוּשִׁיָּֽה׃‬

You bear me away,

You cause me to ride on the wind;

You dissolve my wealth.

wealth: the ketiv has to be taken as a variant spelling of the qeré; the word can mean sound wisdom, insight.
Job 30:23 ‫כִּֽי־יָ֭דַעְתִּי מָ֣וֶת תְּשִׁיבֵ֑נִי וּבֵ֖ית מוֹעֵ֣ד לְכָל־חָֽי׃‬

For I know that you will return me to death,

And to the house appointed for all the living.”

Job 30:24 ‫אַ֣ךְ לֹא־בְ֭עִי יִשְׁלַח־יָ֑ד אִם־בְּ֝פִיד֗וֹ לָהֶ֥ן שֽׁוּעַ׃‬

“But he does not stretch out his hand to a mound of stones,

Even at their cry in one's demise.

Job speaks to his friends.

a mound of stones: we suggest standing for the grave.

their: with a feminine form, suggesting relating to the word traditionally translated souls.

one's demise: or his (=God's) (act of) destruction.
Job 30:25 ‫אִם־לֹ֣א בָ֭כִיתִי לִקְשֵׁה־י֑וֹם עָֽגְמָ֥ה נַ֝פְשִׁ֗י לָאֶבְיֽוֹן׃‬

I most certainly wept for him who was in difficult times;

My inner being mourned for the needy.

I most certainly wept: asseveration using an abbreviation of the oath formula of 2 Sam 19:14 (2 Sam 19:13AV).

inner being ← soul.
Job 30:26 ‫כִּ֤י ט֣וֹב קִ֭וִּיתִי וַיָּ֣בֹא רָ֑ע וַֽאֲיַחֲלָ֥ה לְ֝א֗וֹר וַיָּ֥בֹא אֹֽפֶל׃‬

For I waited for good,

But evil came,

And I expected light,

But thick darkness arrived.

Job 30:27 ‫מֵעַ֖י רֻתְּח֥וּ וְלֹא־דָ֗מּוּ קִדְּמֻ֥נִי יְמֵי־עֹֽנִי׃‬

My inward parts are agitated,

And they will not be silent;

The days of affliction are in front of me.

are agitated ← boil; compare are seething, but that suggests anger, which is not the sentiment here.
Job 30:28 ‫קֹדֵ֣ר הִ֭לַּכְתִּי בְּלֹ֣א חַמָּ֑ה קַ֖מְתִּי בַקָּהָ֣ל אֲשַׁוֵּֽעַ׃‬

I go about downcast,

With no bright spirit.

I stand,

And in the convocation I cry for help.

downcast ← blackened, so figuratively melancholic.

bright spiritsun, or warmth.
Job 30:29 ‫אָ֭ח הָיִ֣יתִי לְתַנִּ֑ים וְ֝רֵ֗עַ לִבְנ֥וֹת יַעֲנָֽה׃‬

I have become a brother to jackals,

And a neighbour to ostriches.

Job 30:30 ‫ע֭וֹרִי שָׁחַ֣ר מֵעָלָ֑י וְעַצְמִי־חָ֝֗רָה מִנִּי־חֹֽרֶב׃‬

My skin has turned black on me

As my bones burn as from dry heat.

Job 30:31 ‫וַיְהִ֣י לְ֭אֵבֶל כִּנֹּרִ֑י וְ֝עֻגָבִ֗י לְק֣וֹל בֹּכִֽים׃‬

And my harp has become a lamentation,

And my flute the sound of those weeping.

Job 31:1 ‫בְּ֭רִית כָּרַ֣תִּי לְעֵינָ֑י וּמָ֥ה אֶ֝תְבּוֹנֵ֗ן עַל־בְּתוּלָֽה׃‬

I have made a covenant concerning my eyes;

Now why should I pay attention to a virgin?

Job 31:2 ‫וּמֶ֤ה ׀ חֵ֣לֶק אֱל֣וֹהַּ מִמָּ֑עַל וְֽנַחֲלַ֥ת שַׁ֝דַּ֗י מִמְּרֹמִֽים׃‬

And what is one's portion from God above,

And one's inheritance from the Almighty in the heights?

inheritance from the Almightyinheritance of the Almighty. Wider use of the construct state. A subjective genitive.
Job 31:3 ‫הֲלֹא־אֵ֥יד לְעַוָּ֑ל וְ֝נֵ֗כֶר לְפֹ֣עֲלֵי אָֽוֶן׃‬

Is it not calamity to the unjust man,

And alienation to the perpetrators of iniquity?

Job 31:4 ‫הֲלֹא־ה֭וּא יִרְאֶ֣ה דְרָכָ֑י וְֽכָל־צְעָדַ֥י יִסְפּֽוֹר׃‬

Does he not see my ways

And count all my steps?

count: [CB]= take account of.
Job 31:5 ‫אִם־הָלַ֥כְתִּי עִם־שָׁ֑וְא וַתַּ֖חַשׁ עַל־מִרְמָ֣ה רַגְלִֽי׃‬

And know whether I have walked with vanity,

And whether my foot has hastened to deceit?

Job 31:6 ‫יִשְׁקְלֵ֥נִי בְמֹאזְנֵי־צֶ֑דֶק וְיֵדַ֥ע אֱ֝ל֗וֹהַּ תֻּמָּתִֽי׃‬

Let him weigh me with just balances

So that God may know my integrity

Job 31:7 ‫אִ֥ם תִּטֶּ֣ה אַשֻּׁרִי֮ מִנִּ֪י הַ֫דָּ֥רֶךְ וְאַחַ֣ר עֵ֭ינַי הָלַ֣ךְ לִבִּ֑י וּ֝בְכַפַּ֗י דָּ֣בַק מֻאֽוּם׃ פ‬

– Whether my step has turned aside from the way,

And whether my heart has followed my eyes,

And whether any spot has cleaved to my hands.

Job 31:8 ‫אֶ֭זְרְעָה וְאַחֵ֣ר יֹאכֵ֑ל וְֽצֶאֱצָאַ֥י יְשֹׁרָֽשׁוּ׃‬

If so, then let me sow,

And another eat,

And let my offspring be eradicated.

Job 31:9 ‫אִם־נִפְתָּ֣ה לִ֭בִּי עַל־אִשָּׁ֑ה וְעַל־פֶּ֖תַח רֵעִ֣י אָרָֽבְתִּי׃‬

If my heart has been seduced by a woman,

Or if I have lain in wait at the door of my neighbour,

Job 31:10 ‫תִּטְחַ֣ן לְאַחֵ֣ר אִשְׁתִּ֑י וְ֝עָלֶ֗יהָ יִכְרְע֥וּן אֲחֵרִֽין׃‬

Then let my wife grind flour for another,

And let other servants bow to her as mistress.

other: in an Aramaic form.

bow to: AV differs, apparently (bow down upon).
Job 31:11 ‫כִּי־*הוא **הִ֥יא זִמָּ֑ה *והיא **וְ֝ה֗וּא עָוֺ֥ן פְּלִילִֽים׃‬

For such behaviour would be depravity,

And that is a judicial offence.

such ... that: in the first case, the ketiv is masculine; the qeré feminine. In the second case, it is vice versa. A vav / yod issue.

judicial offence ← iniquity of judges.
Job 31:12 ‫כִּ֤י אֵ֣שׁ הִ֭יא עַד־אֲבַדּ֣וֹן תֹּאכֵ֑ל וּֽבְכָל־תְּב֖וּאָתִ֣י תְשָׁרֵֽשׁ׃‬

For such a fire would consume me to destruction,

And it would root out all my produce.

destruction: see Job 26:6.
Job 31:13 ‫אִם־אֶמְאַ֗ס מִשְׁפַּ֣ט עַ֭בְדִּי וַאֲמָתִ֑י בְּ֝רִבָ֗ם עִמָּדִֽי׃‬

If I have rejected the justice of my manservant or my maidservant

In their dispute with me,

Job 31:14 ‫וּמָ֣ה אֶֽ֭עֱשֶׂה כִּֽי־יָק֣וּם אֵ֑ל וְכִֽי־יִ֝פְקֹ֗ד מָ֣ה אֲשִׁיבֶֽנּוּ׃‬

Then what should I do if God rises up,

And if he deals with the case?

What should I answer him?

Job 31:15 ‫הֲ‍ֽ֝לֹא־בַ֭בֶּטֶן עֹשֵׂ֣נִי עָשָׂ֑הוּ וַ֝יְכֻנֶ֗נּוּ בָּרֶ֥חֶם אֶחָֽד׃‬

Did not he who made me in the womb

Also make the other?

Did not he form us

In one kind of womb?

the other ← him.

one kind of womb: MT punctuation conjoins one and womb; AV differs (and did not one fashion us in the womb).
Job 31:16 ‫אִם־אֶ֭מְנַע מֵחֵ֣פֶץ דַּלִּ֑ים וְעֵינֵ֖י אַלְמָנָ֣ה אֲכַלֶּֽה׃‬

I have certainly not withheld my support from the poor,

Or caused the eye of the widow to languish,

I have certainly not withheld: strong denial using an abbreviation of the oath formula of 2 Sam 3:35.

support from the poor ← delight / will / preciousness / business of the poor. Wider use of the construct state. AV differs ↴
Job 31:17 ‫וְאֹכַ֣ל פִּתִּ֣י לְבַדִּ֑י וְלֹא־אָכַ֖ל יָת֣וֹם מִמֶּֽנָּה׃‬

Nor eaten my morsel on my own,

With the orphan not partaking of it.

(the poor from their desire), also possible.
Job 31:18 ‫כִּ֣י מִ֭נְּעוּרַי גְּדֵלַ֣נִי כְאָ֑ב וּמִבֶּ֖טֶן אִמִּ֣י אַנְחֶֽנָּה׃‬

For from my youth the orphan grew up while I was as a father,

And from my mother's womb I guided the widow.

the widowher.
Job 31:19 ‫אִם־אֶרְאֶ֣ה א֭וֹבֵד מִבְּלִ֣י לְב֑וּשׁ וְאֵ֥ין כְּ֝ס֗וּת לָאֶבְיֽוֹן׃‬

If I saw anyone perishing for want of clothing,

Or if the poor had no covering,

Job 31:20 ‫אִם־לֹ֣א בֵרֲכ֣וּנִי *חלצו **חֲלָצָ֑יו וּמִגֵּ֥ז כְּ֝בָשַׂי יִתְחַמָּֽם׃‬

His loins certainly were grateful to me

As he warmed himself in fleece from my lambs.

his loins certainly: asseveration using an abbreviation of the oath formula of 2 Sam 19:14 (2 Sam 19:13AV). The ketiv could be regarded as a scriptio defectiva spelling of the qeré; otherwise, it is singular.
Job 31:21 ‫אִם־הֲנִיפ֣וֹתִי עַל־יָת֣וֹם יָדִ֑י כִּֽי־אֶרְאֶ֥ה בַ֝שַּׁ֗עַר עֶזְרָתִֽי׃‬

If I have lifted up my hand against the orphan

When I saw at the gate a need for my help,

Job 31:22 ‫כְּ֭תֵפִי מִשִּׁכְמָ֣ה תִפּ֑וֹל וְ֝אֶזְרֹעִ֗י מִקָּנָ֥ה תִשָּׁבֵֽר׃‬

May my shoulder fall from the shoulder blade,

And my arm be broken from the arm socket.

Job 31:23 ‫כִּ֤י פַ֣חַד אֵ֭לַי אֵ֣יד אֵ֑ל וּ֝מִשְּׂאֵת֗וֹ לֹ֣א אוּכָֽל׃‬

For fear was upon me

Of a downfall from God,

For I cannot prevail against his exalted position.

downfall from Goddownfall of God. Wider use of the construct state.
Job 31:24 ‫אִם־שַׂ֣מְתִּי זָהָ֣ב כִּסְלִ֑י וְ֝לַכֶּ֗תֶם אָמַ֥רְתִּי מִבְטַחִֽי׃‬

If I have made gold my hope

And said to fine gold,

You are my ground of reliance’;

Job 31:25 ‫אִם־אֶ֭שְׂמַח כִּי־רַ֣ב חֵילִ֑י וְכִֽי־כַ֝בִּ֗יר מָצְאָ֥ה יָדִֽי׃‬

If I have delighted because my wealth was great,

Or because my hand had found abundance,

Job 31:26 ‫אִם־אֶרְאֶ֣ה א֖וֹר כִּ֣י יָהֵ֑ל וְ֝יָרֵ֗חַ יָקָ֥ר הֹלֵֽךְ׃‬

Or if I saw sunlight when it shone,

Or the moon making its course in honour,

Job 31:27 ‫וַיִּ֣פְתְּ בַּסֵּ֣תֶר לִבִּ֑י וַתִּשַּׁ֖ק יָדִ֣י לְפִֽי׃‬

And my heart was deceived in secret,

And my hand kissed my mouth,

my hand kissed my mouth: in worship of the sun or moon; see [CB].
Job 31:28 ‫גַּם־ה֭וּא עָוֺ֣ן פְּלִילִ֑י כִּֽי־כִחַ֖שְׁתִּי לָאֵ֣ל מִמָּֽעַל׃‬

This too would have been a judicial offence,

For I would have acted falsely towards God above,

Job 31:29 ‫אִם־אֶ֭שְׂמַח בְּפִ֣יד מְשַׂנְאִ֑י וְ֝הִתְעֹרַ֗רְתִּי כִּֽי־מְצָ֥אוֹ רָֽע׃‬

Or if I have rejoiced

At the demise of him who hates me,

And I have been uplifted

When evil befell him.

befell ← found.
Job 31:30 ‫וְלֹא־נָתַ֣תִּי לַחֲטֹ֣א חִכִּ֑י לִשְׁאֹ֖ל בְּאָלָ֣ה נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃‬

I have not allowed the roof of my mouth to sin

By asking for a curse on his life.

the roof of my mouth ← my palate, as part of the vocal apparatus.

by asking: gerundial use of the infinitive.

life ← soul.
Job 31:31 ‫אִם־לֹ֣א אָ֭מְרוּ מְתֵ֣י אָהֳלִ֑י מִֽי־יִתֵּ֥ן מִ֝בְּשָׂר֗וֹ לֹ֣א נִשְׂבָּֽע׃‬

It is the men of my household who certainly said,

‘If only we had a part of his flesh;

We are not satisfied.’

certainly said: asseveration using an abbreviation of the oath formula of 2 Sam 19:14 (2 Sam 19:13AV).

his: i.e. of him who hates us.
Job 31:32 ‫בַּ֭חוּץ לֹא־יָלִ֣ין גֵּ֑ר דְּ֝לָתַ֗י לָאֹ֥רַח אֶפְתָּֽח׃‬

The foreigner has not had to lodge out in the open;

I have opened my doors to the traveller.

Job 31:33 ‫אִם־כִּסִּ֣יתִי כְאָדָ֣ם פְּשָׁעָ֑י לִטְמ֖וֹן בְּחֻבִּ֣י עֲוֺֽנִי׃‬

If I have covered my transgressions like Adam,

By hiding my iniquity in my bosom,

by hiding: gerundial use of the infinitive.
Job 31:34 ‫כִּ֤י אֶֽעֱר֨וֹץ ׀ הָ֘מ֤וֹן רַבָּ֗ה וּבוּז־מִשְׁפָּח֥וֹת יְחִתֵּ֑נִי וָ֝אֶדֹּ֗ם לֹא־אֵ֥צֵא פָֽתַח׃‬

Then may I fear a great multitude,

And the contempt of families intimidating me,

So that I become silent

And do not go out of doors.

Job 31:35 ‫מִ֤י יִתֶּן־לִ֨י ׀ שֹׁ֘מֵ֤עַֽ לִ֗י הֶן־תָּ֭וִי שַׁדַּ֣י יַעֲנֵ֑נִי וְסֵ֥פֶר כָּ֝תַ֗ב אִ֣ישׁ רִיבִֽי׃‬

If only I had someone who would listen to me.

If only the Almighty would answer me with a written charge for me,

And the one who is contending with me

Would write out the case against me in a book.

if only ← who will give.

a written charge: or a sign, root תָּוָה. AV differs, taking the word from root אָוָה, desire.

the one ← the man.
Job 31:36 ‫אִם־לֹ֣א עַל־שִׁ֭כְמִי אֶשָּׂאֶ֑נּוּ אֶֽעֶנְדֶ֖נּוּ עֲטָר֣וֹת לִֽי׃‬

I would certainly bear it on my shoulder

And bind it to myself like crowns.

I would certainly bear it: asseveration using an abbreviation of the oath formula of 2 Sam 19:14 (2 Sam 19:13AV).
Job 31:37 ‫מִסְפַּ֣ר צְ֭עָדַי אַגִּידֶ֑נּוּ כְּמוֹ־נָ֝גִ֗יד אֲקָרֲבֶֽנּוּ׃‬

I would declare the number of my steps;

Like a prince I would approach him.

Job 31:38 ‫אִם־עָ֭לַי אַדְמָתִ֣י תִזְעָ֑ק וְ֝יַ֗חַד תְּלָמֶ֥יהָ יִבְכָּיֽוּן׃‬

If my ground cries out against me,

And if its furrows weep together,

Job 31:39 ‫אִם־כֹּ֭חָהּ אָכַ֣לְתִּי בְלִי־כָ֑סֶף וְנֶ֖פֶשׁ בְּעָלֶ֣יהָ הִפָּֽחְתִּי׃‬

If I have eaten the produce of it without paying,

If I have caused the inner selves of those entitled to it to gasp,

paying ← silver. Referring to the workers' wages.

inner selves ... gasp ← soul ... to breath out. AV differs (lose their life), which is also possible.
Job 31:40 ‫תַּ֤חַת חִטָּ֨ה ׀ יֵ֥צֵא ח֗וֹחַ וְתַֽחַת־שְׂעֹרָ֥ה בָאְשָׁ֑ה תַּ֝֗מּוּ דִּבְרֵ֥י אִיּֽוֹב׃ פ‬

Then let thistles come up instead of wheat,

And weeds instead of barley.

The words of Job are complete.”

Job 32:1 ‫וַֽיִּשְׁבְּת֡וּ שְׁלֹ֤שֶׁת הָאֲנָשִׁ֣ים הָ֭אֵלֶּה מֵעֲנ֣וֹת אֶת־אִיּ֑וֹב כִּ֤י ה֖וּא צַדִּ֣יק בְּעֵינָֽיו׃ פ‬ Then these three men ceased answering Job, because he was righteous in his own eyes.
Job 32:2 ‫וַיִּ֤חַר אַ֨ף ׀ אֱלִיה֣וּא בֶן־בַּרַכְאֵ֣ל הַבּוּזִי֮ מִמִּשְׁפַּ֪חַ֫ת רָ֥ם בְּ֭אִיּוֹב חָרָ֣ה אַפּ֑וֹ עַֽל־צַדְּק֥וֹ נַ֝פְשׁ֗וֹ מֵאֱלֹהִֽים׃‬ But the anger of Elihu the son of Barachel the Buzite, of the family of Ram, was kindled against Job. His anger was kindled because he justified himself rather than God. himself ← his soul.
Job 32:3 ‫וּבִשְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת רֵעָיו֮ חָרָ֪ה אַ֫פּ֥וֹ עַ֤ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹא־מָצְא֣וּ מַעֲנֶ֑ה וַ֝יַּרְשִׁ֗יעוּ אֶת־אִיּֽוֹב׃‬ And his anger was kindled against his three friends, because they did not find an answer, and they condemned {P: God} [M: Job]. An amendment by the Sopherim. We reverse the change. See [CB] App. 33. P= הָאֱלֹהִים. Here, AV reads the primitive text.
Job 32:4 ‫וֶֽאֱלִיה֗וּ חִכָּ֣ה אֶת־אִ֭יּוֹב בִּדְבָרִ֑ים כִּ֤י זְֽקֵנִים־הֵ֖מָּה מִמֶּ֣נּוּ לְיָמִֽים׃‬ Now Elihu had waited for Job in his discourse, because they were older than him in days. discourse ← words.

than him: or, if the reader prefers, than he.
Job 32:5 ‫וַיַּ֤רְא אֱלִיה֗וּא כִּ֘י אֵ֤ין מַעֲנֶ֗ה בְּ֭פִי שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת הָאֲנָשִׁ֗ים וַיִּ֥חַר אַפּֽוֹ׃ פ‬ When Elihu saw that there was no answer in the mouth of the three men, his anger was kindled.
Job 32:6 ‫וַיַּ֤עַן ׀ אֱלִיה֖וּא בֶן־בַּֽרַכְאֵ֥ל הַבּוּזִ֗י וַיֹּ֫אמַ֥ר צָ֘עִ֤יר אֲנִ֣י לְ֭יָמִים וְאַתֶּ֣ם יְשִׁישִׁ֑ים עַל־כֵּ֖ן זָחַ֥לְתִּי וָֽאִירָ֓א ׀ מֵחַוֺּ֖ת דֵּעִ֣י אֶתְכֶֽם׃‬ And Elihu the son of Barachel the Buzite answered and said,

“I am young in days,

But you are aged,

So I was diffident and fearful about declaring my opinion to you.

Job 32:7 ‫אָ֭מַרְתִּי יָמִ֣ים יְדַבֵּ֑רוּ וְרֹ֥ב שָׁ֝נִ֗ים יֹדִ֥יעוּ חָכְמָֽה׃‬

I said to myself,

‘Let days speak,

And let years of life make wisdom known.’

Job 32:8 ‫אָ֭כֵן רֽוּחַ־הִ֣יא בֶאֱנ֑וֹשׁ וְנִשְׁמַ֖ת שַׁדַּ֣י תְּבִינֵֽם׃‬

Surely there is a spirit in man,

But it is the breath of the Almighty

Which enlightens them.

Job 32:9 ‫לֹֽא־רַבִּ֥ים יֶחְכָּ֑מוּ וּ֝זְקֵנִ֗ים יָבִ֥ינוּ מִשְׁפָּֽט׃‬

It is not the great who are wise,

Or elders who understand justice.

Job 32:10 ‫לָכֵ֣ן אָ֭מַרְתִּי שִׁמְעָה־לִּ֑י אֲחַוֶּ֖ה דֵּעִ֣י אַף־אָֽנִי׃‬

So I said,

‘Listen to me;

I also will give my opinion.’

Job 32:11 ‫הֵ֤ן הוֹחַ֨לְתִּי לְֽדִבְרֵיכֶ֗ם אָ֭זִין עַד־תְּב֥וּנֹֽתֵיכֶ֑ם עַֽד־תַּחְקְר֥וּן מִלִּֽין׃‬

Behold, I have waited for your discourse;

I gave ear to your expositions

Until you had searched out all your arguments.

arguments ← words, in an Aramaic form.
Job 32:12 ‫וְעָֽדֵיכֶ֗ם אֶתְבּ֫וֹנָ֥ן וְהִנֵּ֤ה אֵ֣ין לְאִיּ֣וֹב מוֹכִ֑יחַ עוֹנֶ֖ה אֲמָרָ֣יו מִכֶּֽם׃‬

So I gave heed to you,

But look, Job does not have anyone who has convicted him among you,

Giving a proper answer to his words.

Job 32:13 ‫פֶּן־תֹּ֣֭אמְרוּ מָצָ֣אנוּ חָכְמָ֑ה אֵ֖ל יִדְּפֶ֣נּוּ לֹא־אִֽישׁ׃‬

I speak lest you should say,

‘We have found wisdom;

It is God who is demolishing him,

Not man.’

Job 32:14 ‫וְלֹא־עָרַ֣ךְ אֵלַ֣י מִלִּ֑ין וּ֝בְאִמְרֵיכֶ֗ם לֹ֣א אֲשִׁיבֶֽנּוּ׃‬

He did not marshal his arguments against me,

And neither shall I answer him with your orations.”

arguments ← words, in an Aramaic form.
Job 32:15 ‫חַ֭תּוּ לֹא־עָ֣נוּ ע֑וֹד הֶעְתִּ֖יקוּ מֵהֶ֣ם מִלִּֽים׃‬

“They were confounded

And they did not answer any more.

Words failed them.

Elihu seems to be addressing the reader.

words failed them ← they removed words from them, i.e. (their) words were ↴
Job 32:16 ‫וְ֭הוֹחַלְתִּי כִּי־לֹ֣א יְדַבֵּ֑רוּ כִּ֥י עָ֝מְד֗וּ לֹא־עָ֥נוּ עֽוֹד׃‬

And I waited,

But they did not speak,

For they stood,

Without answering any more.”

removed from them. Avoidance of the passive.

without answering ← and did not answer.
Job 32:17 ‫אַעֲנֶ֣ה אַף־אֲנִ֣י חֶלְקִ֑י אֲחַוֶּ֖ה דֵעִ֣י אַף־אָֽנִי׃‬

“I too will answer my part;

I too will declare my opinion.

Elihu speaks to Job and the friends.
Job 32:18 ‫כִּ֭י מָלֵ֣תִי מִלִּ֑ים הֱ֝צִיקַ֗תְנִי ר֣וּחַ בִּטְנִֽי׃‬

For I am full of words;

The spirit of my inmost part constrains me.

inmost part ← belly.
Job 32:19 ‫הִנֵּֽה־בִטְנִ֗י כְּיַ֥יִן לֹא־יִפָּתֵ֑חַ כְּאֹב֥וֹת חֲ֝דָשִׁ֗ים יִבָּקֵֽעַ׃‬

Behold, my belly is like unopened wine;

Like new leather bottles,

It is on the point of bursting.

Job 32:20 ‫אֲדַבְּרָ֥ה וְיִֽרְוַֽח־לִ֑י אֶפְתַּ֖ח שְׂפָתַ֣י וְאֶֽעֱנֶֽה׃‬

I will speak

And it will give me relief;

I will open my lips

And answer.

Job 32:21 ‫אַל־נָ֭א אֶשָּׂ֣א פְנֵי־אִ֑ישׁ וְאֶל־אָ֝דָ֗ם לֹ֣א אֲכַנֶּֽה׃‬

Let me not, I pray, show partiality,

And let me not call any man by a title.

show partiality ← lift the face of a man.
Job 32:22 ‫כִּ֤י לֹ֣א יָדַ֣עְתִּי אֲכַנֶּ֑ה כִּ֝מְעַ֗ט יִשָּׂאֵ֥נִי עֹשֵֽׂנִי׃‬

For I do not know how to call by titles.

If I did,

My maker would soon take me away.

Job 33:1 ‫וְֽאוּלָ֗ם שְׁמַֽע־נָ֣א אִיּ֣וֹב מִלָּ֑י וְֽכָל־דְּבָרַ֥י הַאֲזִֽינָה׃‬

And so Job, please listen to my address,

And give ear to all my words.

address ← words, discourses.
Job 33:2 ‫הִנֵּה־נָ֭א פָּתַ֣חְתִּי פִ֑י דִּבְּרָ֖ה לְשׁוֹנִ֣י בְחִכִּֽי׃‬

Behold, I pray, I have opened my mouth;

My tongue has spoken in my oral cavity.

oral cavity ← palate.
Job 33:3 ‫יֹֽשֶׁר־לִבִּ֥י אֲמָרָ֑י וְדַ֥עַת שְׂ֝פָתַ֗י בָּר֥וּר מִלֵּֽלוּ׃‬

My words are from the uprightness of my heart,

And my lips speak knowledge clearly.

Job 33:4 ‫רֽוּחַ־אֵ֥ל עָשָׂ֑תְנִי וְנִשְׁמַ֖ת שַׁדַּ֣י תְּחַיֵּֽנִי׃‬

The spirit of God made me,

And the breath of the Almighty gave me life.

Job 33:5 ‫אִם־תּוּכַ֥ל הֲשִׁיבֵ֑נִי עֶרְכָ֥ה לְ֝פָנַ֗י הִתְיַצָּֽבָה׃‬

If you can, answer me,

Set out your arguments before me;

Take your stand.

Job 33:6 ‫הֵן־אֲנִ֣י כְפִ֣יךָ לָאֵ֑ל מֵ֝חֹ֗מֶר קֹרַ֥צְתִּי גַם־אָֽנִי׃‬

You see, I am here,

As you asked,

On behalf of God.

I too was formed from clay.

as you asked ← according to your mouth.
Job 33:7 ‫הִנֵּ֣ה אֵ֭מָתִי לֹ֣א תְבַעֲתֶ֑ךָּ וְ֝אַכְפִּ֗י עָלֶ֥יךָ לֹא־יִכְבָּֽד׃‬

Behold, the shock of me need not frighten you,

Nor will my demands weigh down on you.

the shock of me ← my shock, a subjective genitive (I shock you).

demands ← palm of hand.
Job 33:8 ‫אַ֭ךְ אָמַ֣רְתָּ בְאָזְנָ֑י וְק֖וֹל מִלִּ֣ין אֶשְׁמָֽע׃‬

You certainly spoke in my ears,

And I heard the sound of your words,

When, Job, you said,

words: in an Aramaic form.
Job 33:9 ‫זַ֥ךְ אֲנִ֗י בְּֽלִ֫י פָ֥שַׁע חַ֥ף אָנֹכִ֑י וְלֹ֖א עָוֺ֣ן לִֽי׃‬

‘I am pure, without transgression;

I am faultless,

And there is no iniquity in me.

Job 33:10 ‫הֵ֣ן תְּ֭נוּאוֹת עָלַ֣י יִמְצָ֑א יַחְשְׁבֵ֖נִי לְאוֹיֵ֣ב לֽוֹ׃‬

See how he finds a pretext against me;

He considers me as his enemy.

a pretext ← a hindrance, opposition.
Job 33:11 ‫יָשֵׂ֣ם בַּסַּ֣ד רַגְלָ֑י יִ֝שְׁמֹ֗ר כָּל־אָרְחֹתָֽי׃‬

He places my feet in fetters;

He watches all my paths.’

Job 33:12 ‫הֶן־זֹ֣את לֹא־צָדַ֣קְתָּ אֶעֱנֶ֑ךָּ כִּֽי־יִרְבֶּ֥ה אֱ֝ל֗וֹהַ מֵאֱנֽוֹשׁ׃‬

Behold, in this argumentation you are not just,

I answer you,

For God is greater than man.

Job 33:13 ‫מַ֭דּוּעַ אֵלָ֣יו רִיב֑וֹתָ כִּ֥י כָל־דְּ֝בָרָ֗יו לֹ֣א־יַעֲנֶֽה׃‬

Why do you strive against him,

In that he does not answer you

Concerning any of his affairs?

any ← all.
Job 33:14 ‫כִּֽי־בְאַחַ֥ת יְדַבֶּר־אֵ֑ל וּ֝בִשְׁתַּ֗יִם לֹ֣א יְשׁוּרֶֽנָּה׃‬

For on one occasion God may speak,

And on a second occasion he may not attend to the matter.

attend to ← view. AV differs, as does [CB], supplying man as the subject. God is temporarily not attending to Job's plight.

the matterit.
Job 33:15 ‫בַּחֲל֤וֹם ׀ חֶזְי֬וֹן לַ֗יְלָה בִּנְפֹ֣ל תַּ֭רְדֵּמָה עַל־אֲנָשִׁ֑ים בִּ֝תְנוּמ֗וֹת עֲלֵ֣י מִשְׁכָּֽב׃‬

In a dream, a nightly vision,

When sleep falls on men,

In slumber on the bed,

Job 33:16 ‫אָ֣ז יִ֭גְלֶה אֹ֣זֶן אֲנָשִׁ֑ים וּבְמֹ֖סָרָ֣ם יַחְתֹּֽם׃‬

He then opens up the ears of men,

And in correcting them,

He seals them,

he seals them: LXX, reading יְחִתֵּם, has he terrifies them, a natural reading of the consonantal text. AV differs (He sealeth their instruction).

ears ← ear. Singular in Hebrew because one ear per person to be opened and inclined. Compare Ezek 33:26.
Job 33:17 ‫לְ֭הָסִיר אָדָ֣ם מַעֲשֶׂ֑ה וְגֵוָ֖ה מִגֶּ֣בֶר יְכַסֶּֽה׃‬

To remove man from his dealings

And to put pride out of sight of men.

Job 33:18 ‫יַחְשֹׂ֣ךְ נַ֭פְשׁוֹ מִנִּי־שָׁ֑חַת וְ֝חַיָּת֗וֹ מֵעֲבֹ֥ר בַּשָּֽׁלַח׃‬

He spares his body from the pit,

And his life from the piercing of a missile.

body ← soul.

piercing ← passing through. Gerundial use of the infinitive.
Job 33:19 ‫וְהוּכַ֣ח בְּ֭מַכְאוֹב עַל־מִשְׁכָּב֑וֹ *וריב **וְר֖וֹב עֲצָמָ֣יו אֵתָֽן׃‬

He is corrected with pain on his bed,

And {K: with mighty conflict in his bones} [Q: in the multitude of his bones with mighty pain],

The ketiv / qeré issue is a yod / vav issue.
Job 33:20 ‫וְזִֽהֲמַ֣תּוּ חַיָּת֣וֹ לָ֑חֶם וְ֝נַפְשׁ֗וֹ מַאֲכַ֥ל תַּאֲוָֽה׃‬

So that his condition in life makes him lose appetite for food,

And it makes his being reject exquisite fare.

lose appetite for ← abhor.

food ← bread, standing for food in general. See 1 Sam 28:22-24.

being ← soul.

exquisite fare ← food of delight.
Job 33:21 ‫יִ֣כֶל בְּשָׂר֣וֹ מֵרֹ֑אִי *ושפי **וְשֻׁפּ֥וּ עַ֝צְמוֹתָ֗יו לֹ֣א רֻאּֽוּ׃‬

His flesh is consumed so as not to be visible,

And {Q: his bones stick out,} [K: there is prominence to his bones] which previously would not be seen.

The ketiv / qeré issue is a vav / yod issue.

so as not to be visible ← from sight.
Job 33:22 ‫וַתִּקְרַ֣ב לַשַּׁ֣חַת נַפְשׁ֑וֹ וְ֝חַיָּת֗וֹ לַֽמְמִתִֽים׃‬

And his being draws nearer to the pit,

And his life to the killers.

being ← soul.

pit: or corruption.
Job 33:23 ‫אִם־יֵ֤שׁ עָלָ֨יו ׀ מַלְאָ֗ךְ מֵלִ֗יץ אֶחָ֥ד מִנִּי־אָ֑לֶף לְהַגִּ֖יד לְאָדָ֣ם יָשְׁרֽוֹ׃‬

If there is an interpreting angel by his side

– One out of a thousand –

To declare to a man whether he is upright,

whether he is upright ← his uprightness. AV differs, as does [CB], interpreting as God's righteousness.
Job 33:24 ‫וַיְחֻנֶּ֗נּוּ וַיֹּ֗אמֶר פְּ֭דָעֵהוּ מֵרֶ֥דֶת שָׁ֗חַת מָצָ֥אתִי כֹֽפֶר׃‬

Then he will be merciful to him and will say,

‘Deliver him from going down into the pit;

I have found a ransom.’

Job 33:25 ‫רֻֽטֲפַ֣שׁ בְּשָׂר֣וֹ מִנֹּ֑עַר יָ֝שׁ֗וּב לִימֵ֥י עֲלוּמָֽיו׃‬

His flesh will be made fresher than that of his youth;

He will return to the days of his young adulthood.

Job 33:26 ‫יֶעְתַּ֤ר אֶל־אֱל֨וֹהַּ ׀ וַיִּרְצֵ֗הוּ וַיַּ֣רְא פָּ֭נָיו בִּתְרוּעָ֑ה וַיָּ֥שֶׁב לֶ֝אֱנ֗וֹשׁ צִדְקָתֽוֹ׃‬

He will make supplication to God,

And he will accept him,

And he will see his face with a shout for joy,

And he will render to man his righteousness.

he will see his face: i.e. man will see God's face.

he will render to man his righteousness: i.e. God will render to man God's righteousness, as AV and Vulgate (iustitiam suam).
Job 33:27 ‫יָשֹׁ֤ר ׀ עַל־אֲנָשִׁ֗ים וַיֹּ֗אמֶר חָ֭טָאתִי וְיָשָׁ֥ר הֶעֱוֵ֗יתִי וְלֹא־שָׁ֥וָה לִֽי׃‬

He will look upon man,

And if a man says,

‘I have sinned and perverted what is upright,

And it did not satisfy me’,

Job 33:28 ‫פָּדָ֣ה *נפשי **נַ֭פְשׁוֹ מֵעֲבֹ֣ר בַּשָּׁ֑חַת *וחיתי **וְ֝חַיָּתוֹ בָּא֥וֹר תִּרְאֶֽה׃‬

He will deliver {Q: his} [K: my] being from passing into the pit,

And {Q: his} [K: my] life will see light.

The ketiv / qeré issues are yod / vav issues. The ketiv could be read as a continuation of the direct speech of the previous verse, with re-pointing to read ‘Deliver my being ... so that my life does not pass ...’.

life ← soul.
Job 33:29 ‫הֶן־כָּל־אֵ֭לֶּה יִפְעַל־אֵ֑ל פַּעֲמַ֖יִם שָׁל֣וֹשׁ עִם־גָּֽבֶר׃‬

See how God performs all these things,

Twice or three times with man,

twice or three times: i.e., AV [CB], often.
Job 33:30 ‫לְהָשִׁ֣יב נַ֭פְשׁוֹ מִנִּי־שָׁ֑חַת לֵ֝א֗וֹר בְּא֣וֹר הַֽחַיִּים׃‬

To bring back his life from the pit,

And to be enlightened in the light of life.

life ← soul.
Job 33:31 ‫הַקְשֵׁ֖ב אִיּ֥וֹב שְֽׁמַֽע־לִ֑י הַ֝חֲרֵ֗שׁ וְאָנֹכִ֥י אֲדַבֵּֽר׃‬

Hearken, Job,

And listen to me;

Be silent,

And I will speak.

Job 33:32 ‫אִם־יֵשׁ־מִלִּ֥ין הֲשִׁיבֵ֑נִי דַּ֝בֵּ֗ר כִּֽי־חָפַ֥צְתִּי צַדְּקֶֽךָּ׃‬

If you have words,

Answer me.

Speak,

For I wish to justify you.

words: in an Aramaic form.
Job 33:33 ‫אִם־אַ֭יִן אַתָּ֥ה שְֽׁמַֽע־לִ֑י הַ֝חֲרֵ֗שׁ וַאֲאַלֶּפְךָ֥ חָכְמָֽה׃ ס‬

If not, listen to me;

Be silent,

And I will teach you wisdom.”

Job 34:1 ‫וַיַּ֥עַן אֱלִיה֗וּא וַיֹּאמַֽר׃‬ Furthermore Elihu continued speaking and said, continued speaking ← answered, but no question asked. See Gen 18:27.
Job 34:2 ‫שִׁמְע֣וּ חֲכָמִ֣ים מִלָּ֑י וְ֝יֹדְעִ֗ים הַאֲזִ֥ינוּ לִֽי׃‬

You who are wise,

Hear my words,

And you who are knowledgeable,

Give ear to me.

Job 34:3 ‫כִּי־אֹ֭זֶן מִלִּ֣ין תִּבְחָ֑ן וְ֝חֵ֗ךְ יִטְעַ֥ם לֶאֱכֹֽל׃‬

For the ear puts words to the test,

As the palate tastes that which is to be eaten.

words: in an Aramaic form.

to be eaten ← to eat, i.e. for eating.
Job 34:4 ‫מִשְׁפָּ֥ט נִבְחֲרָה־לָּ֑נוּ נֵדְעָ֖ה בֵינֵ֣ינוּ מַה־טּֽוֹב׃‬

Let us choose justice for ourselves;

Let us find out among ourselves what is good.

Job 34:5 ‫כִּֽי־אָ֭מַר אִיּ֣וֹב צָדַ֑קְתִּי וְ֝אֵ֗ל הֵסִ֥יר מִשְׁפָּטִֽי׃‬

For Job has said,

‘I am just,

But God has taken away my justice.

Job 34:6 ‫עַל־מִשְׁפָּטִ֥י אֲכַזֵּ֑ב אָנ֖וּשׁ חִצִּ֣י בְלִי־פָֽשַׁע׃‬

Do I lie concerning my justice?

The arrow with which I have been struck is grievous,

Though I am without transgression.’

the arrow with which I have been struckmy arrow.

grievous: or fatal.
Job 34:7 ‫מִי־גֶ֥בֶר כְּאִיּ֑וֹב יִֽשְׁתֶּה־לַּ֥עַג כַּמָּֽיִם׃‬

What man is like Job?

He drinks mockery like water,

he drinks mockery like water: [CB] interprets as he absorbs the scornful words of others, so not that he scorns. But see Job 15:16, and compare the tenor in Job 34:8 - 9.
Job 34:8 ‫וְאָרַ֣ח לְ֭חֶבְרָה עִם־פֹּ֣עֲלֵי אָ֑וֶן וְ֝לָלֶ֗כֶת עִם־אַנְשֵׁי־רֶֽשַׁע׃‬

And he travels in the company of perpetrators of iniquity,

And he walks with wicked men.

wicked men ← men of wickedness, a Hebraic genitive.
Job 34:9 ‫כִּֽי־אָ֭מַר לֹ֣א יִסְכָּן־גָּ֑בֶר בִּ֝רְצֹת֗וֹ עִם־אֱלֹהִֽים׃‬

For he has said,

‘It does not profit a man

To take delight in God.’

Job 34:10 ‫לָכֵ֤ן ׀ אַ֥נֲשֵׁ֥י לֵבָ֗ב שִׁמְע֫וּ לִ֥י חָלִ֖לָה לָאֵ֥ל מֵרֶ֗שַׁע וְשַׁדַּ֥י מֵעָֽוֶל׃‬

Therefore listen to me, you men of understanding.

Far be God from wickedness,

And the Almighty from iniquity.

Job 34:11 ‫כִּ֤י פֹ֣עַל אָ֭דָם יְשַׁלֶּם־ל֑וֹ וּֽכְאֹ֥רַח אִ֝֗ישׁ יַמְצִאֶֽנּוּ׃‬

For he repays a man his work,

And according to the way of a man,

So he requites him.

Job 34:12 ‫אַף־אָמְנָ֗ם אֵ֥ל לֹֽא־יַרְשִׁ֑יעַ וְ֝שַׁדַּ֗י לֹֽא־יְעַוֵּ֥ת מִשְׁפָּֽט׃‬

It is indeed certain that God does not act wickedly,

And that the Almighty does not pervert justice.

Job 34:13 ‫מִֽי־פָקַ֣ד עָלָ֣יו אָ֑רְצָה וּמִ֥י שָׂ֝֗ם תֵּבֵ֥ל כֻּלָּֽהּ׃‬

Who gave him charge over the earth?

And who appointed him over the whole world?

Job 34:14 ‫אִם־יָשִׂ֣ים אֵלָ֣יו לִבּ֑וֹ רוּח֥וֹ וְ֝נִשְׁמָת֗וֹ אֵלָ֥יו יֶאֱסֹֽף׃‬

If he were to consider only himself,

And to gather to himself his spirit and his breath,

himself ← him. AV differs (man).
Job 34:15 ‫יִגְוַ֣ע כָּל־בָּשָׂ֣ר יָ֑חַד וְ֝אָדָ֗ם עַל־עָפָ֥ר יָשֽׁוּב׃‬

All flesh would expire together,

And man would return to dust.

Job 34:16 ‫וְאִם־בִּ֥ינָה שִׁמְעָה־זֹּ֑את הַ֝אֲזִ֗ינָה לְק֣וֹל מִלָּֽי׃‬

Now if you have understanding,

Listen to this.

Give ear to the sound of my words.

Job 34:17 ‫הַאַ֬ף שׂוֹנֵ֣א מִשְׁפָּ֣ט יַחֲב֑וֹשׁ וְאִם־צַדִּ֖יק כַּבִּ֣יר תַּרְשִֽׁיעַ׃‬

Can one who hates justice make binding laws?

Or will you condemn the great just one?

Job 34:18 ‫הַאֲמֹ֣ר לְמֶ֣לֶךְ בְּלִיָּ֑עַל רָ֝שָׁ֗ע אֶל־נְדִיבִֽים׃‬

Is it fitting to say to a king,

You are useless’,

Or to princes,

You are wicked’?

Job 34:19 ‫אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־נָשָׂ֨א ׀ פְּנֵ֥י שָׂרִ֗ים וְלֹ֣א נִכַּר־שׁ֭וֹעַ לִפְנֵי־דָ֑ל כִּֽי־מַעֲשֵׂ֖ה יָדָ֣יו כֻּלָּֽם׃‬

How much less to him who does not show partiality to nobles,

And who does not favour the opulent above the poor?

For all of them are the work of his hands.

Job 34:20 ‫רֶ֤גַע ׀ יָמֻתוּ֮ וַחֲצ֪וֹת לָ֥יְלָה יְגֹעֲשׁ֣וּ עָ֣ם וְיַעֲבֹ֑רוּ וְיָסִ֥ירוּ אַ֝בִּ֗יר לֹ֣א בְיָֽד׃‬

In a moment, they die,

And in the middle of the night a people is shaken,

And they pass away.

A mighty people is removed,

But not by hand.

is removed ← they remove. Avoidance of the passive.

not by hand: i.e. not by human power, although men may be the agents of God's operation.
Job 34:21 ‫כִּי־עֵ֭ינָיו עַל־דַּרְכֵי־אִ֑ישׁ וְֽכָל־צְעָדָ֥יו יִרְאֶֽה׃‬

For his eyes are on the ways of man,

And he sees all his steps.

Job 34:22 ‫אֵֽין־חֹ֭שֶׁךְ וְאֵ֣ין צַלְמָ֑וֶת לְהִסָּ֥תֶר שָׁ֝֗ם פֹּ֣עֲלֵי אָֽוֶן׃‬

There is no darkness,

And there is no shadow of death,

For the perpetrators of iniquity to hide there.

Job 34:23 ‫כִּ֤י לֹ֣א עַל־אִ֭ישׁ יָשִׂ֣ים ע֑וֹד לַהֲלֹ֥ךְ אֶל־אֵ֝֗ל בַּמִּשְׁפָּֽט׃‬

For he no longer makes charges against man

For him to enter into a judicial process with God;

a judicial process ← judgment.
Job 34:24 ‫יָרֹ֣עַ כַּבִּירִ֣ים לֹא־חֵ֑קֶר וַיַּעֲמֵ֖ד אֲחֵרִ֣ים תַּחְתָּֽם׃‬

He breaks the mighty in an unsearchable way

And sets up others in their place.

Job 34:25 ‫לָכֵ֗ן יַ֭כִּיר מַעְבָּֽדֵיהֶ֑ם וְהָ֥פַךְ לַ֝֗יְלָה וְיִדַּכָּֽאוּ׃‬

So then, he recognizes their works

And overturns them at night,

And they are broken in pieces.

Job 34:26 ‫תַּֽחַת־רְשָׁעִ֥ים סְפָקָ֗ם בִּמְק֥וֹם רֹאִֽים׃‬

He strikes them on account of their wicked deeds

In a place where people can see it,

wicked deeds: usually wicked (men), but here wicked (deeds).
Job 34:27 ‫אֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל־כֵּ֭ן סָ֣רוּ מֵֽאַחֲרָ֑יו וְכָל־דְּ֝רָכָ֗יו לֹ֣א הִשְׂכִּֽילוּ׃‬

Because they turned away from following him,

And they did not prudently attend to any of his ways,

from following ← from after.

any ← all, but after a negative any, as in Job 33:13, Ps 10:4, Ps 59:6 (Ps 59:5AV) etc.
Job 34:28 ‫לְהָבִ֣יא עָ֭לָיו צַֽעֲקַת־דָּ֑ל וְצַעֲקַ֖ת עֲנִיִּ֣ים יִשְׁמָֽע׃‬

So bringing the cry of the poor to him,

So that he heard the cry of the needy.

Job 34:29 ‫וְה֤וּא יַשְׁקִ֨ט ׀ וּמִ֥י יַרְשִׁ֗עַ וְיַסְתֵּ֣ר פָּ֭נִים וּמִ֣י יְשׁוּרֶ֑נּוּ וְעַל־גּ֖וֹי וְעַל־אָדָ֣ם יָֽחַד׃‬

When he imposes quietness,

Who can act wickedly?

And when he hides his face,

Who can see him?

And whether it is against a people or whether against a man,

It is the same.

act wickedly: or condemn (it).

the same ← together.
Job 34:30 ‫מִ֭מְּלֹךְ אָדָ֥ם חָנֵ֗ף מִמֹּ֥קְשֵׁי עָֽם׃‬

He acts so that the profane man cannot reign,

Giving protection from snares targeting the people.

profane: see Job 8:13.

snares targeting the people ← snares of people, an objective genitive (they ensnare the people).
Job 34:31 ‫כִּֽי־אֶל־אֵ֭ל הֶאָמַ֥ר נָשָׂ֗אתִי לֹ֣א אֶחְבֹּֽל׃‬

For does one say to God,

‘I have suffered punishment;

I will no longer act perversely.

does one say: the pointing is with the interrogative prefix (הֶ for הַ) and an active verb (qal stem-formation). AV differs (surely it is meet to be said), suggesting the reading הֵאָמֵר (niphal stem-formation).
Job 34:32 ‫בִּלְעֲדֵ֣י אֶ֭חֱזֶה אַתָּ֣ה הֹרֵ֑נִי אִֽם־עָ֥וֶל פָּ֝עַ֗לְתִּי לֹ֣א אֹסִֽיף׃‬

Teach me what I do not see;

If I have committed iniquity,

I will do so no more.’

Job 34:33 ‫הַֽמֵעִמְּךָ֬ יְשַׁלְמֶ֨נָּה כִּֽי־מָאַ֗סְתָּ כִּי־אַתָּ֣ה תִבְחַ֣ר וְלֹא־אָ֑נִי וּֽמַה־יָדַ֥עְתָּ דַבֵּֽר׃‬

Should he repay you for it on your terms,

And say,

It does not matter if you reject one thing or choose another,

And I have no say?

So say what you know.’

on your terms ← from with you.
Job 34:34 ‫אַנְשֵׁ֣י לֵ֭בָב יֹ֣אמְרוּ לִ֑י וְגֶ֥בֶר חָ֝כָ֗ם שֹׁמֵ֥עַֽ לִֽי׃‬

Let men of understanding speak to me,

And let the wise man listen to me.

understanding ← heart.
Job 34:35 ‫אִ֭יּוֹב לֹא־בְדַ֣עַת יְדַבֵּ֑ר וּ֝דְבָרָ֗יו לֹ֣א בְהַשְׂכֵּֽיל׃‬

Job has not spoken knowledgeably,

And his words were not prudent.

knowledgeably ... prudent ← in knowledge ... in prudence.
Job 34:36 ‫אָבִ֗י יִבָּחֵ֣ן אִיּ֣וֹב עַד־נֶ֑צַח עַל־תְּ֝שֻׁבֹ֗ת בְּאַנְשֵׁי־אָֽוֶן׃‬

My desire is that Job should be tested to the limit,

Because his answers were in line with those of iniquitous men.

the limit ← perpetuity.

iniquitous men ← men of iniquity, a Hebraic genitive.
Job 34:37 ‫כִּ֥י יֹ֘סִ֤יף עַֽל־חַטָּאת֣וֹ פֶ֭שַׁע בֵּינֵ֣ינוּ יִסְפּ֑וֹק וְיֶ֖רֶב אֲמָרָ֣יו לָאֵֽל׃ ס‬

For he has added transgression to his sin;

He has clapped his hands in our company

And spoken at length against God.”

clapped his hands: i.e. in derision.

in our companybetween us.

spoken at length ← increased words.
Job 35:1 ‫וַיַּ֥עַן אֱלִיה֗וּ וַיֹּאמַֽר׃‬ Furthermore Elihu continued speaking and said, continued speaking ← answered, but no question asked. See Gen 18:27.
Job 35:2 ‫הֲ֭זֹאת חָשַׁ֣בְתָּ לְמִשְׁפָּ֑ט אָ֝מַ֗רְתָּ צִדְקִ֥י מֵאֵֽל׃‬

“Did you think it was justice when you said,

‘My righteousness is greater than that of God’?

it ← this.
Job 35:3 ‫כִּֽי־תֹ֭אמַר מַה־יִּסְכָּן־לָ֑ךְ מָֽה־אֹ֝עִ֗יל מֵֽחַטָּאתִֽי׃‬

For you asked what benefit you had,

And you said,

‘What advantage is there to me in desisting from my sin?’

asked ← said.
Job 35:4 ‫אֲ֭נִי אֲשִֽׁיבְךָ֣ מִלִּ֑ין וְֽאֶת־רֵעֶ֥יךָ עִמָּֽךְ׃‬

I will reply to you with words

And to your companions with you.

words: in an Aramaic form.
Job 35:5 ‫הַבֵּ֣ט שָׁמַ֣יִם וּרְאֵ֑ה וְשׁ֥וּר שְׁ֝חָקִ֗ים גָּבְה֥וּ מִמֶּֽךָּ׃‬

Look at the heavens and see,

And behold the clouds which are higher than you.

Job 35:6 ‫אִם־חָ֭טָאתָ מַה־תִּפְעָל־בּ֑וֹ וְרַבּ֥וּ פְ֝שָׁעֶ֗יךָ מַה־תַּעֲשֶׂה־לּֽוֹ׃‬

If you sin,

What impact do you have on him?

And if your transgressions are many,

What effect do you have on him?

Job 35:7 ‫אִם־צָ֭דַקְתָּ מַה־תִּתֶּן־ל֑וֹ א֥וֹ מַה־מִיָּדְךָ֥ יִקָּֽח׃‬

If you are righteous,

What will you give him?

Or what will he accept from your hand?

Job 35:8 ‫לְאִישׁ־כָּמ֥וֹךָ רִשְׁעֶ֑ךָ וּלְבֶן־אָ֝דָ֗ם צִדְקָתֶֽךָ׃‬

Your wicked deed is one thing to a man like yourself,

As is your righteousness to a son of Adam.

One could supply at the end of this verse but another thing to God.
Job 35:9 ‫מֵ֭רֹב עֲשׁוּקִ֣ים יַזְעִ֑יקוּ יְשַׁוְּע֖וּ מִזְּר֣וֹעַ רַבִּֽים׃‬

Men may cry out on account of a multitude of oppressions;

They may shout out because of the power of the mighty,

power ← arm.
Job 35:10 ‫וְֽלֹא־אָמַ֗ר אַ֭יֵּה אֱל֣וֹהַּ עֹשָׂ֑י נֹתֵ֖ן זְמִר֣וֹת בַּלָּֽיְלָה׃‬

But no-one says,

‘Where is God my maker,

Who gives songs in dark times,

my maker: MT points as my makers, which we take as a plural of majesty, but the consonantal text could be read as my maker.

in dark times ← at night, but standing for in adversity.
Job 35:11 ‫מַ֭לְּפֵנוּ מִבַּהֲמ֣וֹת אָ֑רֶץ וּמֵע֖וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֣יִם יְחַכְּמֵֽנוּ׃‬

Who is our teacher of things beyond the cattle of the earth,

And who makes us wise in matters deeper than the birds of the sky?’

Job 35:12 ‫שָׁ֣ם יִ֭צְעֲקוּ וְלֹ֣א יַעֲנֶ֑ה מִ֝פְּנֵ֗י גְּא֣וֹן רָעִֽים׃‬

There, they cry out,

But he does not answer them,

Because of the pride of evil men.

Job 35:13 ‫אַךְ־שָׁ֭וְא לֹא־יִשְׁמַ֥ע ׀ אֵ֑ל וְ֝שַׁדַּ֗י לֹ֣א יְשׁוּרֶֽנָּה׃‬

Surely God does not hearken to vanity,

And the Almighty does not see it favourably.

Job 35:14 ‫אַ֣ף כִּֽי־תֹ֭אמַר לֹ֣א תְשׁוּרֶ֑נּוּ דִּ֥ין לְ֝פָנָ֗יו וּתְח֥וֹלֵֽל לֽוֹ׃‬

How much less when you would say to him,

‘You do not see it favourably.’

When judgment is taking place before him,

Wait for him.

Job 35:15 ‫וְעַתָּ֗ה כִּי־אַ֭יִן פָּקַ֣ד אַפּ֑וֹ וְלֹֽא־יָדַ֖ע בַּפַּ֣שׁ מְאֹֽד׃‬

And now, you say that it is not in anger

That he visits men,

And that he does not acknowledge great excess.

excess: dictionaries give various meanings (excess, multitude, folly, transgression).

AV differs throughout. The verse is considered obscure by some (see biblehub.com).
Job 35:16 ‫וְ֭אִיּוֹב הֶ֣בֶל יִפְצֶה־פִּ֑יהוּ בִּבְלִי־דַ֝֗עַת מִלִּ֥ין יַכְבִּֽר׃ פ‬

So Job has opened his mouth in vain,

And he has uttered many words without knowledge.”

words: in an Aramaic form.
Job 36:1 ‫וַיֹּ֥סֶף אֱלִיה֗וּא וַיֹּאמַֽר׃‬ Then Elihu continued and said,
Job 36:2 ‫כַּתַּר־לִ֣י זְ֭עֵיר וַאֲחַוֶּ֑ךָּ כִּ֤י ע֖וֹד לֶאֱל֣וֹהַּ מִלִּֽים׃‬

Stay around me a little while,

And I will declare more to you,

For God still has words to come.

stay around me ← surround me.
Job 36:3 ‫אֶשָּׂ֣א דֵ֭עִי לְמֵרָח֑וֹק וּ֝לְפֹעֲלִ֗י אֶֽתֵּֽן־צֶֽדֶק׃‬

I will take the sum of my knowledge

Which comes from afar

And ascribe righteousness to my maker.

Job 36:4 ‫כִּֽי־אָ֭מְנָם לֹא־שֶׁ֣קֶר מִלָּ֑י תְּמִ֖ים דֵּע֣וֹת עִמָּֽךְ׃‬

For truly, my words are not false;

He who is omniscient is with you.

omniscient ← complete of knowledges.
Job 36:5 ‫הֶן־אֵ֣ל כַּ֭בִּיר וְלֹ֣א יִמְאָ֑ס כַּ֝בִּ֗יר כֹּ֣חַֽ לֵֽב׃‬

Behold, God is mighty,

And he does not reject anyone;

He is mighty in depth of character.

depth of character ← strength of heart, implying here understanding, love, courage etc.
Job 36:6 ‫לֹא־יְחַיֶּ֥ה רָשָׁ֑ע וּמִשְׁפַּ֖ט עֲנִיִּ֣ים יִתֵּֽן׃‬

He does not preserve the wicked man alive,

But gives justice to the poor.

Job 36:7 ‫לֹֽא־יִגְרַ֥ע מִצַּדִּ֗יק עֵ֫ינָ֥יו וְאֶת־מְלָכִ֥ים לַכִּסֵּ֑א וַיֹּשִׁיבֵ֥ם לָ֝נֶ֗צַח וַיִּגְבָּֽהוּ׃‬

He will not withdraw his eyes from the righteous,

For he seats them with kings on the throne,

And he accommodates them in perpetuity,

And they are exalted.

Job 36:8 ‫וְאִם־אֲסוּרִ֥ים בַּזִּקִּ֑ים יִ֝לָּכְד֗וּן בְּחַבְלֵי־עֹֽנִי׃‬

And if any are bound in fetters,

If they are taken by the cords of affliction,

Job 36:9 ‫וַיַּגֵּ֣ד לָהֶ֣ם פָּעֳלָ֑ם וּ֝פִשְׁעֵיהֶ֗ם כִּ֣י יִתְגַּבָּֽרוּ׃‬

Then he tells them their work,

Including their transgressions,

When they behaved insolently.

Job 36:10 ‫וַיִּ֣גֶל אָ֭זְנָם לַמּוּסָ֑ר וַ֝יֹּ֗אמֶר כִּֽי־יְשֻׁב֥וּן מֵאָֽוֶן׃‬

And he opens their ears to correction,

And tells them that they must renounce iniquity.

ears ← ear. Singular in Hebrew because one ear per person to be opened and inclined. Compare Ezek 33:26.

renounce ← return from.
Job 36:11 ‫אִֽם־יִשְׁמְע֗וּ וְֽיַ֫עֲבֹ֥דוּ יְכַלּ֣וּ יְמֵיהֶ֣ם בַּטּ֑וֹב וּ֝שְׁנֵיהֶ֗ם בַּנְּעִימִֽים׃‬

If they hearken and serve him,

They will complete their days in prosperity,

And their years in pleasantness.

Job 36:12 ‫וְאִם־לֹ֣א יִ֭שְׁמְעוּ בְּשֶׁ֣לַח יַעֲבֹ֑רוּ וְ֝יִגְוְע֗וּ כִּבְלִי־דָֽעַת׃‬

But if they do not hearken,

They will perish by the missile,

And they will expire in ignorance.

in ignorance ← as without knowledge.
Job 36:13 ‫וְֽחַנְפֵי־לֵ֭ב יָשִׂ֣ימוּ אָ֑ף לֹ֥א יְ֝שַׁוְּע֗וּ כִּ֣י אֲסָרָֽם׃‬

And the profane-minded lay up wrath;

They cannot cry out,

For he binds them.

profane-minded ← profane of heart. See Job 8:13.
Job 36:14 ‫תָּמֹ֣ת בַּנֹּ֣עַר נַפְשָׁ֑ם וְ֝חַיָּתָ֗ם בַּקְּדֵשִֽׁים׃‬

They die in youth,

And their life ends among male prostitutes.

they die ← their soul dies.
Job 36:15 ‫יְחַלֵּ֣ץ עָנִ֣י בְעָנְי֑וֹ וְיִ֖גֶל בַּלַּ֣חַץ אָזְנָֽם׃‬

He delivers the afflicted in his affliction,

And he opens their ears in their oppression.

ears ← ear. Singular in Hebrew because one ear per person to be opened and inclined. Compare Ezek 33:26.
Job 36:16 ‫וְאַ֤ף הֲסִיתְךָ֨ ׀ מִפִּי־צָ֗ר רַ֭חַב לֹא־מוּצָ֣ק תַּחְתֶּ֑יהָ וְנַ֥חַת שֻׁ֝לְחָנְךָ֗ מָ֣לֵא דָֽשֶׁן׃‬

And indeed he would draw you away from the jaws of straitness

To a broad place

So that there is no distress in the vicinity,

And that which is set on your table

Would be full of fatness.

jaws ← mouth.

in the vicinity ← under her, generalizing, because there is no obvious antecedent.
Job 36:17 ‫וְדִין־רָשָׁ֥ע מָלֵ֑אתָ דִּ֖ין וּמִשְׁפָּ֣ט יִתְמֹֽכוּ׃‬

But you are full of judgment belonging to the wicked;

Judgment and justice are taking hold of you.

belonging to: wider use of the construct state.
Job 36:18 ‫כִּֽי־חֵ֭מָה פֶּן־יְסִֽיתְךָ֣ בְסָ֑פֶק וְרָב־כֹּ֝֗פֶר אַל־יַטֶּֽךָּ׃‬

When there is fury,

Beware lest he draw you away at a stroke,

To where no great ransom can lead you back.

lead you back ← lead you away.
Job 36:19 ‫הֲיַעֲרֹ֣ךְ שׁ֭וּעֲךָ לֹ֣א בְצָ֑ר וְ֝כֹ֗ל מַאֲמַצֵּי־כֹֽחַ׃‬

Will he respect your riches,

You who are not in straitness?

No, nor will he respect any exercise of power.

in straitness: AV differs (gold), only here and a related word in Job 22:24 and Job 22:25, but it is a possible alternative.

any ← all.

exercise of power ← forces of power.
Job 36:20 ‫אַל־תִּשְׁאַ֥ף הַלָּ֑יְלָה לַעֲל֖וֹת עַמִּ֣ים תַּחְתָּֽם׃‬

Do not desire the night,

When whole peoples are upheaved on the spot.

on the spot ← under them.
Job 36:21 ‫הִ֭שָּׁמֶר אַל־תֵּ֣פֶן אֶל־אָ֑וֶן כִּֽי־עַל־זֶ֝֗ה בָּחַ֥רְתָּ מֵעֹֽנִי׃‬

Beware and do not turn to iniquity,

For you have chosen this way

Rather than the way of affliction.

Job 36:22 ‫הֶן־אֵ֭ל יַשְׂגִּ֣יב בְּכֹח֑וֹ מִ֖י כָמֹ֣הוּ מוֹרֶֽה׃‬

You see how God exalts by his power.

Who is a teacher like him?

Job 36:23 ‫מִֽי־פָקַ֣ד עָלָ֣יו דַּרְכּ֑וֹ וּמִֽי־אָ֝מַ֗ר פָּעַ֥לְתָּ עַוְלָֽה׃‬

Who appointed him his way?

And who can say,

‘You have committed iniquity’?

Job 36:24 ‫זְ֭כֹר כִּֽי־תַשְׂגִּ֣יא פָעֳל֑וֹ אֲשֶׁ֖ר שֹׁרְר֣וּ אֲנָשִֽׁים׃‬

Remember this when you extol his work,

Which men gaze upon.

gaze upon: from שׁוּר; or celebrate, from שִׁיר (in polel stem-formation). See next verse.
Job 36:25 ‫כָּל־אָדָ֥ם חָֽזוּ־ב֑וֹ אֱ֝נ֗וֹשׁ יַבִּ֥יט מֵרָחֽוֹק׃‬

All men have seen it;

Mortal man beholds it from afar.

Job 36:26 ‫הֶן־אֵ֣ל שַׂ֭גִּיא וְלֹ֣א נֵדָ֑ע מִסְפַּ֖ר שָׁנָ֣יו וְלֹא־חֵֽקֶר׃‬

Behold, God is exalted,

And we do not know the number of his years,

And there is no way of searching them out.

We have grouped the words according to the copulative vavs, AV differs, as does MT (and we know him not, neither can the number of his years be searched out).
Job 36:27 ‫כִּ֭י יְגָרַ֣ע נִטְפֵי־מָ֑יִם יָזֹ֖קּוּ מָטָ֣ר לְאֵדֽוֹ׃‬

For he draws off particles of water

Which condense as rain in his mist

his mist: AV differs (the vapour thereof). Vapour is accurate, but there is no antecedent to thereof.
Job 36:28 ‫אֲשֶֽׁר־יִזְּל֥וּ שְׁחָקִ֑ים יִ֝רְעֲפ֗וּ עֲלֵ֤י ׀ אָדָ֬ם רָֽב׃‬

And distil as fine clouds;

They precipitate on man abundantly.

Job 36:29 ‫אַ֣ף אִם־יָ֭בִין מִפְרְשֵׂי־עָ֑ב תְּ֝שֻׁא֗וֹת סֻכָּתֽוֹ׃‬

Can anyone really understand the spreading out of clouds

Or the rumblings of his abode?

Job 36:30 ‫הֵן־פָּרַ֣שׂ עָלָ֣יו אוֹר֑וֹ וְשָׁרְשֵׁ֖י הַיָּ֣ם כִּסָּֽה׃‬

Behold, he spreads his light out over it

And covers the sea bed.

bed ← roots. [BDB] gives bottom.
Job 36:31 ‫כִּי־בָ֭ם יָדִ֣ין עַמִּ֑ים יִֽתֶּן־אֹ֥כֶל לְמַכְבִּֽיר׃‬

Yet by these weather phenomena he judges nations

And gives food abundantly.

Job 36:32 ‫עַל־כַּפַּ֥יִם כִּסָּה־א֑וֹר וַיְצַ֖ו עָלֶ֣יהָ בְמַפְגִּֽיעַ׃‬

With his hands he grasps the lightning

And commands it where to strike.

grasps ← envelops.

lightning ← light.

where to strike ← to its meeting (point).

AV differs, not recognizing the context of lightning.
Job 36:33 ‫יַגִּ֣יד עָלָ֣יו רֵע֑וֹ מִ֝קְנֶ֗ה אַ֣ף עַל־עוֹלֶֽה׃‬

Its noise warns of it;

Cattle do so too,

Of what is arising.

warns ← tells.
Job 37:1 ‫אַף־לְ֭זֹאת יֶחֱרַ֣ד לִבִּ֑י וְ֝יִתַּ֗ר מִמְּקוֹמֽוֹ׃‬

Moreover, at this my heart trembles,

And it is unsettled.

unsettled ← loosed from its place.
Job 37:2 ‫שִׁמְע֤וּ שָׁמ֣וֹעַ בְּרֹ֣גֶז קֹל֑וֹ וְ֝הֶ֗גֶה מִפִּ֥יו יֵצֵֽא׃‬

Listen diligently to the raging of his voice,

And the rumbling which proceeds from his mouth.

listen diligently: infinitive absolute.
Job 37:3 ‫תַּֽחַת־כָּל־הַשָּׁמַ֥יִם יִשְׁרֵ֑הוּ וְ֝אוֹר֗וֹ עַל־כַּנְפ֥וֹת הָאָֽרֶץ׃‬

He directs it under all the heavens,

And his light extends to the extremities of the earth.

extremities ← wings.
Job 37:4 ‫אַחֲרָ֤יו ׀ יִשְׁאַג־ק֗וֹל יַ֭רְעֵם בְּק֣וֹל גְּאוֹנ֑וֹ וְלֹ֥א יְ֝עַקְּבֵ֗ם כִּֽי־יִשָּׁמַ֥ע קוֹלֽוֹ׃‬

After it, the sound roars.

He causes thunder with his majestic sound,

And no-one can trace these things

When his voice is heard.

his majestic sound ← the sound of his majesty, a Hebraic genitive.

no-one can trace: AV differs (he will not stay).

these thingsthem, but no single plural antecedent.
Job 37:5 ‫יַרְעֵ֤ם אֵ֣ל בְּ֭קוֹלוֹ נִפְלָא֑וֹת עֹשֶׂ֥ה גְ֝דֹל֗וֹת וְלֹ֣א נֵדָֽע׃‬

God thunders with his voice wondrously,

Performing great deeds

Which we do not know about.

Job 37:6 ‫כִּ֤י לַשֶּׁ֨לַג ׀ יֹאמַ֗ר הֱוֵ֫א אָ֥רֶץ וְגֶ֥שֶׁם מָטָ֑ר וְ֝גֶ֗שֶׁם מִטְר֥וֹת עֻזּֽוֹ׃‬

For to the snow he says,

‘Be on the earth’,

And similarly to the showery rain

And to his strong heavy downpours.

his strong heavy downpours ← the heavy downpours of his strength, a Hebraic genitive.
Job 37:7 ‫בְּיַד־כָּל־אָדָ֥ם יַחְתּ֑וֹם לָ֝דַ֗עַת כָּל־אַנְשֵׁ֥י מַעֲשֵֽׂהוּ׃‬

He puts an end to the work of every man,

So that all men may know of his workmanship.

puts an end to the work ← seals in the hand.

so that all men may know of his workmanship ← for the knowing of all men of his workmanship.
Job 37:8 ‫וַתָּבֹ֣א חַיָּ֣ה בְמוֹ־אָ֑רֶב וּבִמְע֖וֹנֹתֶ֣יהָ תִשְׁכֹּֽן׃‬

Then the wild animal comes to its lair,

And dwells in its den.

Job 37:9 ‫מִן־הַ֭חֶדֶר תָּב֣וֹא סוּפָ֑ה וּֽמִמְּזָרִ֥ים קָרָֽה׃‬

From the south comes the whirlwind,

And from the north comes the cold.

south ← room, chamber. Only here as a word on its own for south, but combined with a more common word for south (תֵּמָן) in Job 9:9.

north ← scatterers, only here. Others take it as a constellation.
Job 37:10 ‫מִנִּשְׁמַת־אֵ֥ל יִתֶּן־קָ֑רַח וְרֹ֖חַב מַ֣יִם בְּמוּצָֽק׃‬

From God's breath, he makes ice,

And the expanse of water is changed to solid.

expanse ← breadth.
Job 37:11 ‫אַף־בְּ֭רִי יַטְרִ֣יחַ עָ֑ב יָ֝פִ֗יץ עֲנַ֣ן אוֹרֽוֹ׃‬

Also with moisture he gives the thick cloud a payload,

But his sunlight dissipates a dense haze.

gives ... a payload ← loads, burdens.

sunlight: AV differs (bright), an adjective qualifying cloud.
Job 37:12 ‫וְה֤וּא מְסִבּ֨וֹת ׀ מִתְהַפֵּ֣ךְ *בתחבולתו **בְּתַחְבּוּלֹתָ֣יו לְפָעֳלָ֑ם כֹּ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר יְצַוֵּ֓ם ׀ עַל־פְּנֵ֖י תֵבֵ֣ל אָֽרְצָה׃‬

Each turns round and round

According to his {K: direction} [Q: directions] for them to act.

They do everything he commands them

On the face of the inhabited regions on earth.

each ← he / it. “Each” anticipates a plural verb in the next clause.

turns round and round ← turns (in) revolutions.

inhabited regions ← (inhabited) world.
Job 37:13 ‫אִם־לְשֵׁ֥בֶט אִם־לְאַרְצ֑וֹ אִם־לְ֝חֶ֗סֶד יַמְצִאֵֽהוּ׃‬

He brings it about,

Whether as chastisement

Or for his land

Or as mercy.

chastisement ← a rod.
Job 37:14 ‫הַאֲזִ֣ינָה זֹּ֣את אִיּ֑וֹב עֲ֝מֹ֗ד וְהִתְבּוֹנֵ֤ן ׀ נִפְלְא֬וֹת אֵֽל׃‬

Hearken to this, Job;

Stand still and contemplate God's wonders.

Job 37:15 ‫הֲ֭תֵדַע בְּשׂוּם־אֱל֣וֹהַּ עֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וְ֝הוֹפִ֗יעַ א֣וֹר עֲנָנֽוֹ׃‬

Do you know how God directs them

Or causes his lightning to flash?

his lightning to flash ← the light of his cloud to shine.
Job 37:16 ‫הֲ֭תֵדַע עַל־מִפְלְשֵׂי־עָ֑ב מִ֝פְלְא֗וֹת תְּמִ֣ים דֵּעִֽים׃‬

Do you know about the technicalities of the cloud?

Or the wondrous works of the omniscient one?

technicalities ← balancings.

omniscient ← complete of knowledge, as in Job 36:4.
Job 37:17 ‫אֲשֶׁר־בְּגָדֶ֥יךָ חַמִּ֑ים בְּהַשְׁקִ֥ט אֶ֝֗רֶץ מִדָּרֽוֹם׃‬

Or how it is that your clothing is warm

When he quietens the land with wind from the south?

Job 37:18 ‫תַּרְקִ֣יעַ עִ֭מּוֹ לִשְׁחָקִ֑ים חֲ֝זָקִ֗ים כִּרְאִ֥י מוּצָֽק׃‬

Can you stretch out the skies with him,

Firmly, like a cast mirror?

Job 37:19 ‫ה֭וֹדִיעֵנוּ מַה־נֹּ֣אמַר ל֑וֹ לֹ֥א־נַ֝עֲרֹ֗ךְ מִפְּנֵי־חֹֽשֶׁךְ׃‬

Teach us what we should say to him,

For we cannot marshal our arguments,

Because we are in darkness.

Job 37:20 ‫הַֽיְסֻפַּר־ל֭וֹ כִּ֣י אֲדַבֵּ֑ר אִֽם־אָ֥מַר אִ֝֗ישׁ כִּ֣י יְבֻלָּֽע׃‬

Does it need to be reported to him

When I speak?

If a man speaks perniciously,

Will it not follow that he will be swallowed up?

Job 37:21 ‫וְעַתָּ֤ה ׀ לֹ֘א רָ֤אוּ א֗וֹר בָּהִ֣יר ה֭וּא בַּשְּׁחָקִ֑ים וְר֥וּחַ עָ֝בְרָ֗ה וַֽתְּטַהֲרֵֽם׃‬

And now men do not see the light.

It is bright in the upper sky

When the wind has passed through and cleaned it.

Job 37:22 ‫מִ֭צָּפוֹן זָהָ֣ב יֶֽאֱתֶ֑ה עַל־אֱ֝ל֗וֹהַּ נ֣וֹרָא הֽוֹד׃‬

Golden light comes from the north;

Upon God is awesome splendour.

Job 37:23 ‫שַׁדַּ֣י לֹֽא־מְ֭צָאנֻהוּ שַׂגִּיא־כֹ֑חַ וּמִשְׁפָּ֥ט וְרֹב־צְ֝דָקָ֗ה לֹ֣א יְעַנֶּֽה׃‬

We cannot find the Almighty.

He is great in power and justice,

And abundant in righteousness.

He does not afflict.

afflict: this could be re-pointed to answer.

abundant in ← abundant of.
Job 37:24 ‫לָ֭כֵן יְרֵא֣וּהוּ אֲנָשִׁ֑ים לֹֽא־יִ֝רְאֶ֗ה כָּל־חַכְמֵי־לֵֽב׃ פ‬

Therefore men fear him;

None of the wise in heart can see him.”

none ... can see him: AV differs (he respecteth not any).

wise in heart: i.e. wise in their own estimation.
Job 38:1 ‫וַיַּֽעַן־יְהוָ֣ה אֶת־אִ֭יּוֹב *מנ *הסערה **מִ֥ן ׀ **הַסְּעָרָ֗ה וַיֹּאמַֽר׃‬ Then the Lord answered Job from a whirlwind and said, from a whirlwind ← from the whirlwind. The ketiv is written as one word; the qeré as two. There is no difference in the meaning. On the unexpected definite article, see Gen 22:9.
Job 38:2 ‫מִ֤י זֶ֨ה ׀ מַחְשִׁ֖יךְ עֵצָ֥ה בְמִלִּ֗ין בְּֽלִי־דָֽעַת׃‬

“Who is this who darkens counsel

With words without knowledge?

words: in an Aramaic form.
Job 38:3 ‫אֱזָר־נָ֣א כְגֶ֣בֶר חֲלָצֶ֑יךָ וְ֝אֶשְׁאָלְךָ֗ וְהוֹדִיעֵֽנִי׃‬

Gird up your waist like a man,

And I will question you,

And you can answer me.

answer me ← cause me to know.
Job 38:4 ‫אֵיפֹ֣ה הָ֭יִיתָ בְּיָסְדִי־אָ֑רֶץ הַ֝גֵּ֗ד אִם־יָדַ֥עְתָּ בִינָֽה׃‬

Where were you when I founded the earth?

Declare it, if you have understanding.

have understanding ← know understanding.
Job 38:5 ‫מִי־שָׂ֣ם מְ֭מַדֶּיהָ כִּ֣י תֵדָ֑ע א֤וֹ מִֽי־נָטָ֖ה עָלֶ֣יהָ קָּֽו׃‬

Who sets its dimensions?

Tell me, if you know.

Or who stretched out a measuring line over it?

Job 38:6 ‫עַל־מָ֭ה אֲדָנֶ֣יהָ הָטְבָּ֑עוּ א֥וֹ מִֽי־יָ֝רָ֗ה אֶ֣בֶן פִּנָּתָֽהּ׃‬

On what are its foundations sunk?

Or who laid its cornerstone?

foundations ← sockets, as for the tabernacle.
Job 38:7 ‫בְּרָן־יַ֭חַד כּ֣וֹכְבֵי בֹ֑קֶר וַ֝יָּרִ֗יעוּ כָּל־בְּנֵ֥י אֱלֹהִֽים׃‬

– When the morning stars sang out together,

And all the sons of God shouted for joy?

sons of God ← angels.
Job 38:8 ‫וַיָּ֣סֶךְ בִּדְלָתַ֣יִם יָ֑ם בְּ֝גִיח֗וֹ מֵרֶ֥חֶם יֵצֵֽא׃‬

– And when he enclosed the sea with doors,

When it broke out?

When it came out of the womb?

Job 38:9 ‫בְּשׂוּמִ֣י עָנָ֣ן לְבֻשׁ֑וֹ וַ֝עֲרָפֶ֗ל חֲתֻלָּתֽוֹ׃‬

– When I appointed the cloud to be its clothing,

And the dark cloud to be its swaddling clothes?

Job 38:10 ‫וָאֶשְׁבֹּ֣ר עָלָ֣יו חֻקִּ֑י וָֽ֝אָשִׂ֗ים בְּרִ֣יחַ וּדְלָתָֽיִם׃‬

– And when I imposed my limit on it

And appointed bolts and doors?

imposed my limit ← broke my statute.

bolts ← bolt.
Job 38:11 ‫וָאֹמַ֗ר עַד־פֹּ֣ה תָ֭בוֹא וְלֹ֣א תֹסִ֑יף וּפֹ֥א־יָ֝שִׁ֗ית בִּגְא֥וֹן גַּלֶּֽיךָ׃‬

– And said,

‘You come this far and no further’,

And there the rising up of your waves was blocked?

there ← here.

was blocked ← he / one set / blocked. [AnLx] indicates impersonal usage in this verse. Avoidance of the passive.
Job 38:12 ‫הְֽ֭מִיָּמֶיךָ צִוִּ֣יתָ בֹּ֑קֶר *ידעתה *שחר **יִדַּ֖עְתָּה **הַשַּׁ֣חַר מְקֹמֽוֹ׃‬

Have you in all your days ever commanded the morning?

Or have you informed the dawn of its place?

informed the dawn: the qeré adds a to the word for dawn, which is perhaps unnecessary as the previous word ends in a superfluous . The sense is not affected.
Job 38:13 ‫לֶ֭אֱחֹז בְּכַנְפ֣וֹת הָאָ֑רֶץ וְיִנָּעֲר֖וּ רְשָׁעִ֣ים מִמֶּֽנָּה׃‬

Do you know how to take hold of the extremities of the earth

So that the wicked are shaken out of it?

extremities ← wings.
Job 38:14 ‫תִּ֭תְהַפֵּךְ כְּחֹ֣מֶר חוֹתָ֑ם וְ֝יִֽתְיַצְּב֗וּ כְּמ֣וֹ לְבֽוּשׁ׃‬

Or how the earth is changed like clay under a seal?

Or how morning and dawn stand out as an adornment?

clay under a seal ← clay (before firing) of a seal. Wider use of the construct state.

an adornment ← a robe. AV differs (a garment).

AV differs in that it does not supply nouns as we have.
Job 38:15 ‫וְיִמָּנַ֣ע מֵרְשָׁעִ֣ים אוֹרָ֑ם וּזְר֥וֹעַ רָ֝מָ֗ה תִּשָּׁבֵֽר׃‬

– And how their light is withheld from the wicked,

And an uplifted arm is broken?

their light is withheld from the wicked: perhaps meaning the wicked cannot make use of morning and dawn's (v.12) light. It is tempting to translate as (by) their light the wicked are hindered, since ↴
Job 38:16 ‫הֲ֭בָאתָ עַד־נִבְכֵי־יָ֑ם וּבְחֵ֥קֶר תְּ֝ה֗וֹם הִתְהַלָּֽכְתָּ׃‬

Have you been to the founts of the sea?

Or have you walked about in the deep for investigations?

↳ thieves operate at night, and so are hindered by the dawn, but this is grammatically difficult to defend.

been ← come.
Job 38:17 ‫הֲנִגְל֣וּ לְ֭ךָ שַׁעֲרֵי־מָ֑וֶת וְשַׁעֲרֵ֖י צַלְמָ֣וֶת תִּרְאֶֽה׃‬

Have the gates of death been revealed to you?

Or have you seen the portals of the shadow of death?

gates ... portals ← gates ... gates. Otiose, but see Gen 12:5.
Job 38:18 ‫הִ֭תְבֹּנַנְתָּ עַד־רַחֲבֵי־אָ֑רֶץ הַ֝גֵּ֗ד אִם־יָדַ֥עְתָּ כֻלָּֽהּ׃‬

Do you have understanding of the wide places of the earth?

Tell me, if you know all this.

of ← up to.

all this ← all of it.
Job 38:19 ‫אֵי־זֶ֣ה הַ֭דֶּרֶךְ יִשְׁכָּן־א֑וֹר וְ֝חֹ֗שֶׁךְ אֵי־זֶ֥ה מְקֹמֽוֹ׃‬

Where is the way to where light dwells?

And as for darkness, where is its place?

Job 38:20 ‫כִּ֣י תִ֭קָּחֶנּוּ אֶל־גְּבוּל֑וֹ וְכִֽי־תָ֝בִ֗ין נְתִיב֥וֹת בֵּיתֽוֹ׃‬

Did you take it to its boundary,

And do you understand the paths to its abode?

paths to its abode ← paths of its abode. Wider use of the construct state.
Job 38:21 ‫יָ֭דַעְתָּ כִּי־אָ֣ז תִּוָּלֵ֑ד וּמִסְפַּ֖ר יָמֶ֣יךָ רַבִּֽים׃‬

Do you know this?

For if you did,

You would have to have been born at that time,

And your days would be very many.

at that time ← then.
Job 38:22 ‫הֲ֭בָאתָ אֶל־אֹצְר֣וֹת שָׁ֑לֶג וְאֹצְר֖וֹת בָּרָ֣ד תִּרְאֶֽה׃‬

Have you been to the treasuries of snow?

Or have you seen the repositories of hail,

been ← come.

treasuries ... repositories ← treasuries ... treasuries. Otiose, but see Gen 12:5.
Job 38:23 ‫אֲשֶׁר־חָשַׂ֥כְתִּי לְעֶת־צָ֑ר לְי֥וֹם קְ֝רָ֗ב וּמִלְחָמָֽה׃‬

Which I have reserved for the time of adversity

– For the day of battle and war?

Job 38:24 ‫אֵי־זֶ֣ה הַ֭דֶּרֶךְ יֵחָ֣לֶק א֑וֹר יָפֵ֖ץ קָדִ֣ים עֲלֵי־אָֽרֶץ׃‬

In what way does light divide itself?

In what way does the east wind spread out over the earth?

Job 38:25 ‫מִֽי־פִלַּ֣ג לַשֶּׁ֣טֶף תְּעָלָ֑ה וְ֝דֶ֗רֶךְ לַחֲזִ֥יז קֹלֽוֹת׃‬

Who cut out a channel for a deluge?

– Or a route for lightning in a thunderstorm?

a thunderstorm ← voices; sounds.
Job 38:26 ‫לְ֭הַמְטִיר עַל־אֶ֣רֶץ לֹא־אִ֑ישׁ מִ֝דְבָּ֗ר לֹא־אָדָ֥ם בּֽוֹ׃‬

– To cause it to rain on an earth where no man is,

On a desert in which no person lives?

Job 38:27 ‫לְהַשְׂבִּ֣יעַ שֹׁ֭אָה וּמְשֹׁאָ֑ה וּ֝לְהַצְמִ֗יחַ מֹ֣צָא דֶֽשֶׁא׃‬

– To satiate desolate ground and desolated tracts

So as to cause the growth of sprouting grass?

Job 38:28 ‫הֲיֵשׁ־לַמָּטָ֥ר אָ֑ב א֥וֹ מִי־ה֝וֹלִ֗יד אֶגְלֵי־טָֽל׃‬

Does rain have a father?

Or who begot the dewdrops?

Job 38:29 ‫מִבֶּ֣טֶן מִ֭י יָצָ֣א הַקָּ֑רַח וּכְפֹ֥ר שָׁ֝מַיִם מִ֣י יְלָדֽוֹ׃‬

Out of whose womb does ice come?

And who gives birth to heaven's hoarfrost?

Job 38:30 ‫כָּ֭אֶבֶן מַ֣יִם יִתְחַבָּ֑אוּ וּפְנֵ֥י תְ֝ה֗וֹם יִתְלַכָּֽדוּ׃‬

Like a stone, the water becomes hidden,

And the surface of the deep solidifies.

solidifies ← captures / holds itself (together), i.e. freezes over.
Job 38:31 ‫הַֽ֭תְקַשֵּׁר מַעֲדַנּ֣וֹת כִּימָ֑ה אֽוֹ־מֹשְׁכ֖וֹת כְּסִ֣יל תְּפַתֵּֽחַ׃‬

Can you bind the delights of the Pleiades?

Or can you loose the cords of Orion?

A reference to cosmic forces. Binding is forbidding and loosing is allowing, so the picture is of forbidding the voluntary company of the stars of the Pleiades, and releasing the forced association of the stars of Orion, so changing the arrangement of both.
Job 38:32 ‫הֲתֹצִ֣יא מַזָּר֣וֹת בְּעִתּ֑וֹ וְ֝עַ֗יִשׁ עַל־בָּנֶ֥יהָ תַנְחֵֽם׃‬

Can you bring out each sign of the zodiac in its season?

Or can you guide Arcturus with his sons?

Arcturus: or the Plough. Arcturus is the brightest star in the northern celestial hemisphere.
Job 38:33 ‫הֲ֭יָדַעְתָּ חֻקּ֣וֹת שָׁמָ֑יִם אִם־תָּשִׂ֖ים מִשְׁטָר֣וֹ בָאָֽרֶץ׃‬

Do you know the physical laws of the sky?

Can you appoint their dominion over the earth?

physical laws ← statutes.
Job 38:34 ‫הֲתָרִ֣ים לָעָ֣ב קוֹלֶ֑ךָ וְֽשִׁפְעַת־מַ֥יִם תְּכַסֶּֽךָּ׃‬

Can you lift up your voice to the clouds,

Commanding them that plenteous water should cover you?

plenteous water ← plenteousness of water, a reverse Hebraic genitive.
Job 38:35 ‫הַֽתְשַׁלַּ֣ח בְּרָקִ֣ים וְיֵלֵ֑כוּ וְיֹאמְר֖וּ לְךָ֣ הִנֵּֽנוּ׃‬

Can you send lightning strikes,

So that they go and say to you,

Here we are’?

here we arebehold us.
Job 38:36 ‫מִי־שָׁ֭ת בַּטֻּח֣וֹת חָכְמָ֑ה א֤וֹ מִֽי־נָתַ֖ן לַשֶּׂ֣כְוִי בִינָֽה׃‬

Who put wisdom in the inward parts?

Or who gave understanding to the mind?

Job 38:37 ‫מִֽי־יְסַפֵּ֣ר שְׁחָקִ֣ים בְּחָכְמָ֑ה וְנִבְלֵ֥י שָׁ֝מַ֗יִם מִ֣י יַשְׁכִּֽיב׃‬

Who can count the clouds in wisdom?

And who can stop up heaven's bottles?

count: or describe.

stop up: or pour out.
Job 38:38 ‫בְּצֶ֣קֶת עָ֭פָר לַמּוּצָ֑ק וּרְגָבִ֥ים יְדֻבָּֽקוּ׃‬

– When dust is cast into a solid,

And clods of earth cleave together?

Job 38:39 ‫הֲתָצ֣וּד לְלָבִ֣יא טָ֑רֶף וְחַיַּ֖ת כְּפִירִ֣ים תְּמַלֵּֽא׃‬

Can you hunt for prey for the lion?

And can you feed the lion cubs?

feed ← fill the life.
Job 38:40 ‫כִּי־יָשֹׁ֥חוּ בַמְּעוֹנ֑וֹת יֵשְׁב֖וּ בַסֻּכָּ֣ה לְמוֹ־אָֽרֶב׃‬

For they crouch in their den;

They lie in wait in the thicket.

Job 38:41 ‫מִ֤י יָכִ֥ין לָעֹרֵ֗ב צֵ֫יד֥וֹ כִּֽי־*ילדו **יְ֭לָדָיו אֶל־אֵ֣ל יְשַׁוֵּ֑עוּ יִ֝תְע֗וּ לִבְלִי־אֹֽכֶל׃‬

Who prepares feed for the raven?

– When its young cry out to God?

When they are perishing for lack of food?

young: the ketiv could be regarded as a scriptio defectiva spelling of the qeré; otherwise, the ketiv is singular and discordant with the verb. Compare Job 21:20.

feed ← his feed.

perishing ← going astray (to ruin). See [AnLx]. Compare Prov 14:22.
Job 39:1 ‫הֲיָדַ֗עְתָּ עֵ֭ת לֶ֣דֶת יַעֲלֵי־סָ֑לַע חֹלֵ֖ל אַיָּל֣וֹת תִּשְׁמֹֽר׃‬

Do you know the time

When the mountain goats give birth?

Or do you keep watch over the time

When the hinds calve?

Job 39:2 ‫תִּסְפֹּ֣ר יְרָחִ֣ים תְּמַלֶּ֑אנָה וְ֝יָדַ֗עְתָּ עֵ֣ת לִדְתָּֽנָה׃‬

Can you count the months for which they gestate?

And do you know the time when they give birth?

gestate ← fulfil.
Job 39:3 ‫תִּ֭כְרַעְנָה יַלְדֵיהֶ֣ן תְּפַלַּ֑חְנָה חֶבְלֵיהֶ֥ם תְּשַׁלַּֽחְנָה׃‬

They crouch,

They deliver their young;

They cast off their labour pangs.

labour pangs: re-pointing as חַבְלֵיהֶם would read (umbilical) cords.
Job 39:4 ‫יַחְלְמ֣וּ בְ֭נֵיהֶם יִרְבּ֣וּ בַבָּ֑ר יָ֝צְא֗וּ וְלֹא־שָׁ֥בוּ לָֽמוֹ׃‬

Their young grow strong;

They grow up in the open field.

They go out

And do not return.

return ← return to them, so perhaps return to their (parents).
Job 39:5 ‫מִֽי־שִׁלַּ֣ח פֶּ֣רֶא חָפְשִׁ֑י וּמֹסְר֥וֹת עָ֝ר֗וֹד מִ֣י פִתֵּֽחַ׃‬

Who set the wild ass free?

And who loosed the bonds of the wild donkey?

Job 39:6 ‫אֲשֶׁר־שַׂ֣מְתִּי עֲרָבָ֣ה בֵית֑וֹ וּֽמִשְׁכְּנוֹתָ֥יו מְלֵֽחָה׃‬

– Whose home territory I appointed to be the arid tracts,

And whose dwelling places to be salt land?

arid tracts ← an arid tract.
Job 39:7 ‫יִ֭שְׂחַק לַהֲמ֣וֹן קִרְיָ֑ה תְּשֻׁא֥וֹת נ֝וֹגֵ֗שׂ לֹ֣א יִשְׁמָֽע׃‬

He derides the urban crowd

And does not hear the clamour of the taskmaster.

Job 39:8 ‫יְת֣וּר הָרִ֣ים מִרְעֵ֑הוּ וְאַחַ֖ר כָּל־יָר֣וֹק יִדְרֽוֹשׁ׃‬

The forageable area of the mountains is his pasture,

And he searches for every green plant.

Job 39:9 ‫הֲיֹ֣אבֶה רֵּ֣ים עָבְדֶ֑ךָ אִם־יָ֝לִ֗ין עַל־אֲבוּסֶֽךָ׃‬

Does the buffalo love to work for you?

And does it lodge in your stall?

buffalo: AV differs (unicorn). The African buffalo is dangerous and has not been domesticated [Wikipedia]. [AnLx] also gives oryx.
Job 39:10 ‫הֲ‍ֽתִקְשָׁר־רֵ֭ים בְּתֶ֣לֶם עֲבֹת֑וֹ אִם־יְשַׂדֵּ֖ד עֲמָקִ֣ים אַחֲרֶֽיךָ׃‬

Can you bind the buffalo to his harness

For ploughing a furrow?

Or will he harrow the valleys behind you?

buffalo: see Job 39:9.
Job 39:11 ‫הֲֽתִבְטַח־בּ֭וֹ כִּי־רַ֣ב כֹּח֑וֹ וְתַעֲזֹ֖ב אֵלָ֣יו יְגִיעֶֽךָ׃‬

Do you put your trust in him?

For his strength is great.

And do you leave your toil to him?

Job 39:12 ‫הֲתַאֲמִ֣ין בּ֭וֹ כִּי־*ישוב **יָשִׁ֣יב זַרְעֶ֑ךָ וְֽגָרְנְךָ֥ יֶאֱסֹֽף׃‬

Will you put your trust in him,

That he will {Q: make a return on} [K: return with] your seed,

And gather it in your threshing hall?

The sense is ... will he plough well and enable you to have a successful harvest with a good return on what was sown.
Job 39:13 ‫כְּנַף־רְנָנִ֥ים נֶעֱלָ֑סָה אִם־אֶ֝בְרָ֗ה חֲסִידָ֥ה וְנֹצָֽה׃‬

Are you responsible for it when the wing of the ostrich is celebrated,

Or the wing feather of the stork and its plumage?

ostrich ← piercing cries, i.e. ostrich [BDB], but its unimpressive wings do not enable it to fly. AV differs (peacocks), which do have a piercing cry, and impressive feathers, and they nest on the ground, but were not native to “the land of Uz” (Job 1:1). But ↴
Job 39:14 ‫כִּֽי־תַעֲזֹ֣ב לָאָ֣רֶץ בֵּצֶ֑יהָ וְֽעַל־עָפָ֥ר תְּחַמֵּֽם׃‬

For she commits her eggs to the ground

And hatches them on soil,

↳ the next verses, if describing this bird, suggest an ostrich, which also lays its eggs on the ground, unlike the stork.

soil ← dust.
Job 39:15 ‫וַ֭תִּשְׁכַּח כִּי־רֶ֣גֶל תְּזוּרֶ֑הָ וְחַיַּ֖ת הַשָּׂדֶ֣ה תְּדוּשֶֽׁהָ׃‬

And she forgets that a foot may crush them,

And that a wild animal may trample on them.

them (2x)her / it, but probably referring to the (clutch of) eggs.
Job 39:16 ‫הִקְשִׁ֣יחַ בָּנֶ֣יהָ לְּלֹא־לָ֑הּ לְרִ֖יק יְגִיעָ֣הּ בְּלִי־פָֽחַד׃‬

She treats her young harshly,

As if not her own.

Her labour is in vain and without fear.

she ← he / it. Perhaps re-point as הַקְשִׁיחַ, and take it gerundially, by treating harshly.
Job 39:17 ‫כִּֽי־הִשָּׁ֣הּ אֱל֣וֹהַּ חָכְמָ֑ה וְלֹא־חָ֥לַק לָ֝֗הּ בַּבִּינָֽה׃‬

For God causes her to forget wisdom,

And he has not apportioned her with understanding.

Job 39:18 ‫כָּ֭עֵת בַּמָּר֣וֹם תַּמְרִ֑יא תִּֽשְׂחַ֥ק לַ֝סּ֗וּס וּלְרֹֽכְבֽוֹ׃‬

In due time she rises on high

And looks down on the horse and on its rider.

rises: ostriches cannot fly, but they can run fast. Perhaps the reference is simply to standing tall. Or perhaps the reference is now to the stork.
Job 39:19 ‫הֲתִתֵּ֣ן לַסּ֣וּס גְּבוּרָ֑ה הֲתַלְבִּ֖ישׁ צַוָּאר֣וֹ רַעְמָֽה׃‬

Did you give the horse his strength?

Did you clothe his neck with a mane?

mane: AV differs (thunder).
Job 39:20 ‫הְֽ֭תַרְעִישֶׁנּוּ כָּאַרְבֶּ֑ה ה֖וֹד נַחְר֣וֹ אֵימָֽה׃‬

Did you give him the ability to jump like a locust?

The dignity of his snorting is awesome.

Job 39:21 ‫יַחְפְּר֣וּ בָ֭עֵמֶק וְיָשִׂ֣ישׂ בְּכֹ֑חַ יֵ֝צֵ֗א לִקְרַאת־נָֽשֶׁק׃‬

He paws in the valley

And rejoices in his strength

And engages in battle.

he paws ← they dig, explore.

engages in ← goes out to the meeting of battle.
Job 39:22 ‫יִשְׂחַ֣ק לְ֭פַחַד וְלֹ֣א יֵחָ֑ת וְלֹֽא־יָ֝שׁ֗וּב מִפְּנֵי־חָֽרֶב׃‬

He derides fear

And is not afraid

And does not turn back from the sword.

from ← from the face of.
Job 39:23 ‫עָ֭לָיו תִּרְנֶ֣ה אַשְׁפָּ֑ה לַ֖הַב חֲנִ֣ית וְכִידֽוֹן׃‬

Alongside him the quiver rattles,

And the blade of the spear and the lance.

lance: AV differs (shield).
Job 39:24 ‫בְּרַ֣עַשׁ וְ֭רֹגֶז יְגַמֶּא־אָ֑רֶץ וְלֹֽא־יַ֝אֲמִ֗ין כִּי־ק֥וֹל שׁוֹפָֽר׃‬

With noise and raging, he stamps the earth

And does not stand in place when the sound of the ramshorn is heard.

stamps: or drinks up. AV differs (swalloweth), taking the alternative.

stand in place ← trust, be firm, so stand firm.
Job 39:25 ‫בְּדֵ֤י שֹׁפָ֨ר ׀ יֹ֘אמַ֤ר הֶאָ֗ח וּֽ֭מֵרָחוֹק יָרִ֣יחַ מִלְחָמָ֑ה רַ֥עַם שָׂ֝רִים וּתְרוּעָֽה׃‬

Whenever the ramshorn is heard,

He says, ‘Aha!’,

And smells war from a distance

– The thunder of generals and the sound of alarm.

Job 39:26 ‫הֲ‍ֽ֭מִבִּינָ֣תְךָ יַֽאֲבֶר־נֵ֑ץ יִפְרֹ֖שׂ *כנפו **כְּנָפָ֣יו לְתֵימָֽן׃‬

Is it by your wisdom that the hawk soars

And stretches its wings to the south?

its wings: the ketiv could be regarded as a scriptio defectiva spelling of the qeré; otherwise, the ketiv is singular (its wing).
Job 39:27 ‫אִם־עַל־פִּ֭יךָ יַגְבִּ֣יהַּ נָ֑שֶׁר וְ֝כִ֗י יָרִ֥ים קִנּֽוֹ׃‬

Or is it according to your command that the eagle soars,

And that it makes its nest high up?

command ← mouth.
Job 39:28 ‫סֶ֣לַע יִ֭שְׁכֹּן וְיִתְלֹנָ֑ן עַֽל־שֶׁן־סֶ֝֗לַע וּמְצוּדָֽה׃‬

It dwells and lodges on a rock,

On a crag and citadel.

crag ← tooth of a rock.
Job 39:29 ‫מִשָּׁ֥ם חָֽפַר־אֹ֑כֶל לְ֝מֵרָח֗וֹק עֵינָ֥יו יַבִּֽיטוּ׃‬

For there it seeks prey;

Its eyes see it from a distance.

seeks ← digs; searches out.
Job 39:30 ‫*ואפרחו **וְאֶפְרֹחָ֥יו יְעַלְעוּ־דָ֑ם וּבַאֲשֶׁ֥ר חֲ֝לָלִ֗ים שָׁ֣ם הֽוּא׃ פ‬

And its young suck up blood,

And wherever the slain are,

There it is.”

its young: the ketiv could be regarded as a scriptio defectiva spelling of the qeré; otherwise, the ketiv is singular, but with a plural verb.
Job 40:1 ‫וַיַּ֖עַן יְהוָ֥ה אֶת־אִיּ֗וֹב וַיֹּאמַֽר׃‬ And the Lord answered Job further and said,
Job 40:2 ‫הֲ֭רֹב עִם־שַׁדַּ֣י יִסּ֑וֹר מוֹכִ֖יחַ אֱל֣וֹהַּ יַעֲנֶֽנָּה׃ פ‬

“Will he who contends with the Almighty

Instruct him?

Let the reprover of God answer it.”

he who contends: pointed as an infinitive absolute, as in Judg 11:25.

instruct ← (be an) instructor [AnLx]. Better taken as a verb, will instruct. Compare the form with יִצֹּק from יָצַק.
Job 40:3 ‫וַיַּ֖עַן אִיּ֥וֹב אֶת־יְהוָ֗ה וַיֹּאמַֽר׃‬ Then Job answered the Lord and said,
Job 40:4 ‫הֵ֣ן קַ֭לֹּתִי מָ֣ה אֲשִׁיבֶ֑ךָּ יָ֝דִ֗י שַׂ֣מְתִּי לְמוֹ־פִֽי׃‬

“Behold, I am base.

How can I answer you?

I put my hand to my mouth.

Job 40:5 ‫אַחַ֣ת דִּ֭בַּרְתִּי וְלֹ֣א אֶֽעֱנֶ֑ה וּ֝שְׁתַּ֗יִם וְלֹ֣א אוֹסִֽיף׃ פ‬

I spoke once,

But I cannot answer for it,

And a second time,

But I will not do so any more.”

Job 40:6 ‫וַיַּֽעַן־יְהוָ֣ה אֶת־אִ֭יּוֹב *מנ *סערה **מִ֥ן ׀ **סְעָרָ֗ה וַיֹּאמַֽר׃‬ Then the Lord answered Job from the whirlwind and said, from the whirlwind: ketiv and qeré as in Job 38:1, but here without the definite article.
Job 40:7 ‫אֱזָר־נָ֣א כְגֶ֣בֶר חֲלָצֶ֑יךָ אֶ֝שְׁאָלְךָ֗ וְהוֹדִיעֵֽנִי׃‬

“Gird up your waist like a man.

I will ask you,

And you can answer me.

Job 40:8 ‫הַ֭אַף תָּפֵ֣ר מִשְׁפָּטִ֑י תַּ֝רְשִׁיעֵ֗נִי לְמַ֣עַן תִּצְדָּֽק׃‬

Will you declare my judgment void?

Will you condemn me,

So that you are righteous?

Job 40:9 ‫וְאִם־זְר֖וֹעַ כָּאֵ֥ל ׀ לָ֑ךְ וּ֝בְק֗וֹל כָּמֹ֥הוּ תַרְעֵֽם׃‬

Now do you have an arm like God,

And can you thunder with a voice like his?

now: wider use of the vav.
Job 40:10 ‫עֲדֵ֥ה נָ֣א גָֽא֣וֹן וָגֹ֑בַהּ וְה֖וֹד וְהָדָ֣ר תִּלְבָּֽשׁ׃‬

Kindly deck yourself with excellence and majesty,

And clothe yourself with glory and splendour.

Job 40:11 ‫הָ֭פֵץ עֶבְר֣וֹת אַפֶּ֑ךָ וּרְאֵ֥ה כָל־גֵּ֝אֶ֗ה וְהַשְׁפִּילֵֽהוּ׃‬

Distribute the outbursts of your anger,

And see everyone who is proud,

And bring him low.

Job 40:12 ‫רְאֵ֣ה כָל־גֵּ֭אֶה הַכְנִיעֵ֑הוּ וַהֲדֹ֖ךְ רְשָׁעִ֣ים תַּחְתָּֽם׃‬

See everyone who is proud,

And bring him down,

And tread on the wicked on the spot.

on the spot ← under themselves.
Job 40:13 ‫טָמְנֵ֣ם בֶּעָפָ֣ר יָ֑חַד פְּ֝נֵיהֶ֗ם חֲבֹ֣שׁ בַּטָּמֽוּן׃‬

Hide them in the dust together;

Bind them in a hidden place.

them ← their faces. More loosely, put them out of sight.
Job 40:14 ‫וְגַם־אֲנִ֥י אוֹדֶ֑ךָּ כִּֽי־תוֹשִׁ֖עַ לְךָ֣ יְמִינֶֽךָ׃‬

Then I myself will confess to you,

That your right hand can save you.

Job 40:15 ‫הִנֵּה־נָ֣א בְ֭הֵמוֹת אֲשֶׁר־עָשִׂ֣יתִי עִמָּ֑ךְ חָ֝צִ֗יר כַּבָּקָ֥ר יֹאכֵֽל׃‬

Behold, please, Behemoth,

Which I made with you.

It eats grass like an ox.

Behemoth: [CB] says “probably the hippopotamus”. But the description following fits a dinosaur.
Job 40:16 ‫הִנֵּה־נָ֣א כֹח֣וֹ בְמָתְנָ֑יו וְ֝אֹנ֗וֹ בִּשְׁרִירֵ֥י בִטְנֽוֹ׃‬

Look at its strength in its loins,

And its might in the muscles of its rump.

Job 40:17 ‫יַחְפֹּ֣ץ זְנָב֣וֹ כְמוֹ־אָ֑רֶז גִּידֵ֖י *פחדו **פַחֲדָ֣יו יְשֹׂרָֽגוּ׃‬

It swings its tail like a cedar,

And its fearful sinews are interwoven.

its fearful sinews ← the sinews of its fear (ketiv) / fears (qeré), a Hebraic genitive.

swings: the root meaning is bends, but the common usage is in the sense of delight in.

its tail: the hippopotamus tail is relatively small.
Job 40:18 ‫עֲ֭צָמָיו אֲפִיקֵ֣י נְחוּשָׁ֑ה גְּ֝רָמָ֗יו כִּמְטִ֥יל בַּרְזֶֽל׃‬

Its bones are tubes of copper,

And its frame is like bars of iron.

frame ← (another word for) bones.

bars ← a bar.
Job 40:19 ‫ה֭וּא רֵאשִׁ֣ית דַּרְכֵי־אֵ֑ל הָ֝עֹשׂוֹ יַגֵּ֥שׁ חַרְבּֽוֹ׃‬

It is the pre-eminence of God's ways;

Only he who made it

Can bring his sword against it.

Job 40:20 ‫כִּֽי־ב֭וּל הָרִ֣ים יִשְׂאוּ־ל֑וֹ וְֽכָל־חַיַּ֥ת הַ֝שָּׂדֶ֗ה יְשַֽׂחֲקוּ־שָֽׁם׃‬

For the mountains yield produce for it,

Where all the wild beasts play.

yield: in a Hebrew “OSV” (object-subject-verb) sentence.
Job 40:21 ‫תַּֽחַת־צֶאֱלִ֥ים יִשְׁכָּ֑ב בְּסֵ֖תֶר קָנֶ֣ה וּבִצָּֽה׃‬

It lies under lotus bushes,

Secretly, in reeds and swamp land.

lotus bushes: the Ziziphus lotus. AV differs (shady trees), also possible.
Job 40:22 ‫יְסֻכֻּ֣הוּ צֶאֱלִ֣ים צִֽלֲל֑וֹ יְ֝סֻבּ֗וּהוּ עַרְבֵי־נָֽחַל׃‬

The lotus bushes cover it with their shade;

The willows of the brook surround it.

lotus bushes: see Job 40:21.
Job 40:23 ‫הֵ֤ן יַעֲשֹׁ֣ק נָ֭הָר לֹ֣א יַחְפּ֑וֹז יִבְטַ֓ח ׀ כִּֽי־יָגִ֖יחַ יַרְדֵּ֣ן אֶל־פִּֽיהוּ׃‬

What if the river bears down on it?

It is not alarmed.

It is confident,

Even when the Jordan gushes into its mouth.

AV differs (Behemoth is the subject of all the verbs).
Job 40:24 ‫בְּעֵינָ֥יו יִקָּחֶ֑נּוּ בְּ֝מֽוֹקְשִׁ֗ים יִנְקָב־אָֽף׃‬

Can anyone capture it by its eyes?

Can anyone hook its nose with snares?

by its eyes: [CB] interprets as while he lies on watch.

hook ← pierce.

AV differs (Behemoth is the subject of both verbs).
Job 40:25
Job 41:1AV
‫תִּמְשֹׁ֣ךְ לִוְיָתָ֣ן בְּחַכָּ֑ה וּ֝בְחֶ֗בֶל תַּשְׁקִ֥יעַ לְשֹׁנֽוֹ׃‬

Can you haul in Leviathan with a hook?

Or can you tie his tongue down with a cord?

Leviathan: [CB]= probably the crocodile. [BDB]= serpent, dragon, sea-monster, crocodile, whale in various places. In Modern Hebrew, the whale.
Job 40:26
Job 41:2AV
‫הֲתָשִׂ֣ים אַגְמ֣וֹן בְּאַפּ֑וֹ וּ֝בְח֗וֹחַ תִּקּ֥וֹב לֶֽחֱיוֹ׃‬

Can you place a cauldron over his snout?

Or can you bore through his jaw with a hook?

Job 40:27
Job 41:3AV
‫הֲיַרְבֶּ֣ה אֵ֭לֶיךָ תַּחֲנוּנִ֑ים אִם־יְדַבֵּ֖ר אֵלֶ֣יךָ רַכּֽוֹת׃‬

Will he make many supplications to you?

Or will he speak to you softly?

Job 40:28
Job 41:4AV
‫הֲיִכְרֹ֣ת בְּרִ֣ית עִמָּ֑ךְ תִּ֝קָּחֶ֗נּוּ לְעֶ֣בֶד עוֹלָֽם׃‬

Will he make a covenant with you?

Or can you domesticate him?

domesticate ← take as a servant of the age.
Job 40:29
Job 41:5AV
‫הַֽתְשַׂחֶק־בּ֭וֹ כַּצִּפּ֑וֹר וְ֝תִקְשְׁרֶ֗נּוּ לְנַעֲרוֹתֶֽיךָ׃‬

Can you play with him, as with a bird?

Or cage him for your maidservants?

cage ← bind.
Job 40:30
Job 41:6AV
‫יִכְר֣וּ עָ֭לָיו חַבָּרִ֑ים יֶ֝חֱצ֗וּהוּ בֵּ֣ין כְּֽנַעֲנִֽים׃‬

Or will wholesalers buy him up,

And divide him among retailers?

wholesalers ← associates.

buy him up: AV differs (make a banquet of him).

retailers ← merchants.
Job 40:31
Job 41:7AV
‫הַֽתְמַלֵּ֣א בְשֻׂכּ֣וֹת עוֹר֑וֹ וּבְצִלְצַ֖ל דָּגִ֣ים רֹאשֽׁוֹ׃‬

Can you fill his skin with spears?

– Or his head with fishing harpoons?

Job 40:32
Job 41:8AV
‫שִׂים־עָלָ֥יו כַּפֶּ֑ךָ זְכֹ֥ר מִ֝לְחָמָ֗ה אַל־תּוֹסַֽף׃‬

Put your hand on him.

Remember that it will be battle,

And you will not do it again.

put your hand on him: i.e. if you dare.
Job 41:1
Job 41:9AV
‫הֵן־תֹּחַלְתּ֥וֹ נִכְזָ֑בָה הֲגַ֖ם אֶל־מַרְאָ֣יו יֻטָֽל׃‬

See how one's hope is proved false.

Is it not so, that even at the sight of him

One loses heart?

see howbehold.

one's hope: or his hope. [CB] takes it as one's hope of taking him.

loses heart ← is cast down.
Job 41:2
Job 41:10AV
‫לֹֽא־אַ֭כְזָר כִּ֣י יְעוּרֶ֑נּוּ וּמִ֥י ה֝֗וּא לְפָנַ֥י יִתְיַצָּֽב׃‬

No-one is so bold that he dares awaken him,

So who is it who can stand before me.

bold: or fierce.

so: consecutive (result) use of the vav.
Job 41:3
Job 41:11AV
‫מִ֣י הִ֭קְדִּימַנִי וַאֲשַׁלֵּ֑ם תַּ֖חַת כָּל־הַשָּׁמַ֣יִם לִי־הֽוּא׃‬

Who existed before me?

Tell me, and I will pay what is due.

Everything under the whole of heaven is mine.

Rom 11:35, where it is adapted.
Job 41:4
Job 41:12AV
‫*לא־**לֽוֹ־אַחֲרִ֥ישׁ בַּדָּ֑יו וּדְבַר־גְּ֝בוּר֗וֹת וְחִ֣ין עֶרְכּֽוֹ׃‬

I will {K: not be silent} [Q: be silent to him] about his limbs,

For his figure is a matter of might and gracefulness.

AV also follows the ketiv.

figure ← arrangement.
Job 41:5
Job 41:13AV
‫מִֽי־גִ֭לָּה פְּנֵ֣י לְבוּשׁ֑וֹ בְּכֶ֥פֶל רִ֝סְנ֗וֹ מִ֣י יָבֽוֹא׃‬

Who has uncovered his outer clothing?

Who can approach his double row of teeth?

his outer clothing ← the surface of his clothing.

double row of teeth ← double jaw, but referring to the upper and lower rows of teeth which both protrude prominently.
Job 41:6
Job 41:14AV
‫דַּלְתֵ֣י פָ֭נָיו מִ֣י פִתֵּ֑חַ סְבִיב֖וֹת שִׁנָּ֣יו אֵימָֽה׃‬

Who can open the gates of his face?

The surroundings of his teeth are terrifying.

gates of his face: a poetic expression for jaws or mouth.

terrifying ← terror.
Job 41:7
Job 41:15AV
‫גַּ֭אֲוָה אֲפִיקֵ֣י מָֽגִנִּ֑ים סָ֝ג֗וּר חוֹתָ֥ם צָֽר׃‬

The central ridges of his scales are his pride.

Each one is closed making a tight seal.

central ridges ← channels. [AnLx] gives boss of a shield and tubes, standing for bones.
Job 41:8
Job 41:16AV
‫אֶחָ֣ד בְּאֶחָ֣ד יִגַּ֑שׁוּ וְ֝ר֗וּחַ לֹא־יָב֥וֹא בֵֽינֵיהֶֽם׃‬

One is so close to another

That no air can come between them.

is so close ← approaches.

air ← wind.
Job 41:9
Job 41:17AV
‫אִישׁ־בְּאָחִ֥יהוּ יְדֻבָּ֑קוּ יִ֝תְלַכְּד֗וּ וְלֹ֣א יִתְפָּרָֽדוּ׃‬

One cleaves to the one next to it;

They interlock and do not come apart.

cleaves to the one next to it ← is made to adhere each to his brother.

interlock ← catch each other. Reciprocal use of hithpael.
Job 41:10
Job 41:18AV
‫עֲ‍ֽ֭טִישֹׁתָיו תָּ֣הֶל א֑וֹר וְ֝עֵינָ֗יו כְּעַפְעַפֵּי־שָֽׁחַר׃‬

His sneezings cause light to flash,

And his eyes are like the eyelids of dawn.

Job 41:11
Job 41:19AV
‫מִ֭פִּיו לַפִּידִ֣ים יַהֲלֹ֑כוּ כִּיד֥וֹדֵי אֵ֝֗שׁ יִתְמַלָּֽטוּ׃‬

From his mouth flames go out;

Sparks of fire are released.

flames ← torches.

are released ← escape.
Job 41:12
Job 41:20AV
‫מִ֭נְּחִירָיו יֵצֵ֣א עָשָׁ֑ן כְּד֖וּד נָפ֣וּחַ וְאַגְמֹֽן׃‬

Smoke is emitted from his nostrils,

Like a fanned brazier and a cauldron.

is emitted ← goes out.

cauldron: as [AnLx]. [BDB] gives bulrushes (as fuel here). Bulrushes in Isa 9:13 (Isa 9:14AV), Isa 19:15, Isa 58:5.
Job 41:13
Job 41:21AV
‫נַ֭פְשׁוֹ גֶּחָלִ֣ים תְּלַהֵ֑ט וְ֝לַ֗הַב מִפִּ֥יו יֵצֵֽא׃‬

His breath kindles coals,

And flame is emitted from his mouth.

breath ← soul, but also breath.

is emitted ← goes out.
Job 41:14
Job 41:22AV
‫בְּֽ֭צַוָּארוֹ יָלִ֣ין עֹ֑ז וּ֝לְפָנָ֗יו תָּד֥וּץ דְּאָבָֽה׃‬

His neck is a source of strength,

And faint-heartedness beats a hasty retreat at his advance.

his neck is a source of strength ← in his neck strength lodges.

beats a hasty retreat at his advance ← leaps before him. AV differs (is turned into joy before him).
Job 41:15
Job 41:23AV
‫מַפְּלֵ֣י בְשָׂר֣וֹ דָבֵ֑קוּ יָצ֥וּק עָ֝לָ֗יו בַּל־יִמּֽוֹט׃‬

Even the softer parts of his flesh cleave to him tightly

And are firm on him so as not to shake.

softer ← falling; pendulous.

firm ← cast.
Job 41:16
Job 41:24AV
‫לִ֭בּוֹ יָצ֣וּק כְּמוֹ־אָ֑בֶן וְ֝יָצ֗וּק כְּפֶ֣לַח תַּחְתִּֽית׃‬

His heart is firm like stone

And is as hard as a lower millstone.

firm ... hard ← cast ... cast. Otiose, but see Gen 12:5.
Job 41:17
Job 41:25AV
‫מִ֭שֵּׂתוֹ יָג֣וּרוּ אֵלִ֑ים מִ֝שְּׁבָרִ֗ים יִתְחַטָּֽאוּ׃‬

The mighty are afraid of him being roused;

They are at their wits' end because of his ravaging.

being roused ← rising. Qal for passive of hiphil. Compare Ex 20:5, Deut 5:9, Isa 10:34. AV differs, taking it as reflexive.

are at their wits' end ← mistake themselves, miss their mark. Compare Judg 20:16, Job 5:24. AV differs (purify themselves).

ravaging ← breakings.
Job 41:18
Job 41:26AV
‫מַשִּׂיגֵ֣הוּ חֶ֭רֶב בְּלִ֣י תָק֑וּם חֲנִ֖ית מַסָּ֣ע וְשִׁרְיָֽה׃‬

The sword of anyone who engages him will not hold out,

Nor spear, nor projectile, nor coat of mail.

engages ← overtakes; reaches.

hold out ← rise.
Job 41:19
Job 41:27AV
‫יַחְשֹׁ֣ב לְתֶ֣בֶן בַּרְזֶ֑ל לְעֵ֖ץ רִקָּב֣וֹן נְחוּשָֽׁה׃‬

He regards iron as straw,

And copper as rotten wood.

Job 41:20
Job 41:28AV
‫לֹֽא־יַבְרִיחֶ֥נּוּ בֶן־קָ֑שֶׁת לְ֝קַ֗שׁ נֶהְפְּכוּ־ל֥וֹ אַבְנֵי־קָֽלַע׃‬

The arrow does not cause him to flee,

And stones of the sling are regarded as stubble by him.

arrow ← son of the bow.

are regarded as ← are turned into.
Job 41:21
Job 41:29AV
‫כְּ֭קַשׁ נֶחְשְׁב֣וּ תוֹתָ֑ח וְ֝יִשְׂחַ֗ק לְרַ֣עַשׁ כִּידֽוֹן׃‬

He considers a club as stubble,

And he laughs at the rattling of lances.

lances ← a lance.
Job 41:22
Job 41:30AV
‫תַּ֭חְתָּיו חַדּ֣וּדֵי חָ֑רֶשׂ יִרְפַּ֖ד חָר֣וּץ עֲלֵי־טִֽיט׃‬

He has sharp points under him;

He splays sharp appendages in the mire.

sharp points ← (things) sharpened of a shard.
Job 41:23
Job 41:31AV
‫יַרְתִּ֣יחַ כַּסִּ֣יר מְצוּלָ֑ה יָ֝֗ם יָשִׂ֥ים כַּמֶּרְקָחָֽה׃‬

He makes the deep boil like a pot;

He makes the sea like a pot of ointment.

Job 41:24
Job 41:32AV
‫אַ֭חֲרָיו יָאִ֣יר נָתִ֑יב יַחְשֹׁ֖ב תְּה֣וֹם לְשֵׂיבָֽה׃‬

He causes a path to light up behind him,

So that one would think the deep had acquired silver hair.

silver ← grey.
Job 41:25
Job 41:33AV
‫אֵֽין־עַל־עָפָ֥ר מָשְׁל֑וֹ הֶ֝עָשׂ֗וּ לִבְלִי־חָֽת׃‬

There is not the like of him on the earth,

Who is made without fear.

earth ← dust.
Job 41:26
Job 41:34AV
‫אֵֽת־כָּל־גָּבֹ֥הַּ יִרְאֶ֑ה ה֝֗וּא מֶ֣לֶךְ עַל־כָּל־בְּנֵי־שָֽׁחַץ׃ ס‬

He looks dauntlessly on every high thing;

He is king of all proud creatures.”

proud creaturessons of pride.
Job 42:1 ‫וַיַּ֖עַן אִיּ֥וֹב אֶת־יְהוָ֗ה וַיֹּאמַֽר׃‬ Then Job answered the Lord and said,
Job 42:2 ‫*ידעת **יָ֭דַעְתִּי כִּי־כֹ֣ל תּוּכָ֑ל וְלֹא־יִבָּצֵ֖ר מִמְּךָ֣ מְזִמָּֽה׃‬

I know that you can do everything,

And no plan of action is inaccessible to you.

I know: the ketiv could be taken as an Aramaic form of the qeré. As Hebrew, it reads you know.
Job 42:3 ‫מִ֤י זֶ֨ה ׀ מַעְלִ֥ים עֵצָ֗ה בְּֽלִ֫י דָ֥עַת לָכֵ֣ן הִ֭גַּדְתִּי וְלֹ֣א אָבִ֑ין נִפְלָא֥וֹת מִ֝מֶּ֗נִּי וְלֹ֣א אֵדָֽע׃‬

You asked,

‘Who is this who hides counsel

Without knowledge?’

Because I gave an exposition,

But I do not have understanding.

These things are too wondrous for me,

And I do not know about them.

The question was asked in Job 38:2.
Job 42:4 ‫שְֽׁמַֽע־נָ֭א וְאָנֹכִ֣י אֲדַבֵּ֑ר אֶ֝שְׁאָלְךָ֗ וְהוֹדִיעֵֽנִי׃‬

Hear me, I pray,

And I will speak.

You said,

‘I will ask you,

And you can answer me.’

This refers back to Job 40:2.
Job 42:5 ‫לְשֵֽׁמַע־אֹ֥זֶן שְׁמַעְתִּ֑יךָ וְ֝עַתָּ֗ה עֵינִ֥י רָאָֽתְךָ׃‬

I heard you by hearing of the ear,

But now my eye has seen you.

Job 42:6 ‫עַל־כֵּ֭ן אֶמְאַ֣ס וְנִחַ֑מְתִּי עַל־עָפָ֥ר וָאֵֽפֶר׃ פ‬

For this reason I despise myself,

And I repent in dust and ashes.”

despise: or reject.
Job 42:7 ‫וַיְהִ֗י אַחַ֨ר דִּבֶּ֧ר יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֥ים הָאֵ֖לֶּה אֶל־אִיּ֑וֹב וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־אֱלִיפַ֣ז הַתֵּֽימָנִ֗י חָרָ֨ה אַפִּ֤י בְךָ֙ וּבִשְׁנֵ֣י רֵעֶ֔יךָ כִּ֠י לֹ֣א דִבַּרְתֶּ֥ם אֵלַ֛י נְכוֹנָ֖ה כְּעַבְדִּ֥י אִיּֽוֹב׃‬ And it came to pass, after the Lord had spoken these words to Job, that the Lord said to Eliphaz the Temanite, “My anger is kindled against you, and against your two companions, for you have not spoken what is right about me, like my servant Job. about: reading עָלַי for אֵלַי, a common exchange in Hebrew. Otherwise, read to.
Job 42:8 ‫וְעַתָּ֡ה קְחֽוּ־לָכֶ֣ם שִׁבְעָֽה־פָרִים֩ וְשִׁבְעָ֨ה אֵילִ֜ים וּלְכ֣וּ ׀ אֶל־עַבְדִּ֣י אִיּ֗וֹב וְהַעֲלִיתֶ֤ם עוֹלָה֙ בַּֽעַדְכֶ֔ם וְאִיּ֣וֹב עַבְדִּ֔י יִתְפַּלֵּ֖ל עֲלֵיכֶ֑ם כִּ֧י אִם־פָּנָ֣יו אֶשָּׂ֗א לְבִלְתִּ֞י עֲשׂ֤וֹת עִמָּכֶם֙ נְבָלָ֔ה כִּ֠י לֹ֣א דִבַּרְתֶּ֥ם אֵלַ֛י נְכוֹנָ֖ה כְּעַבְדִּ֥י אִיּֽוֹב׃‬ And now, take for yourselves seven bulls, and seven rams, and go to my servant Job, and offer them as a burnt offering for yourselves, and my servant Job will pray for you. For contrariwise I will accept him, so that I do not deal with you according to your folly, for you have not spoken about me what is right, as my servant Job has.” accept him ← accept his face.

about: as Job 42:7.
Job 42:9 ‫וַיֵּלְכוּ֩ אֱלִיפַ֨ז הַתֵּֽימָנִ֜י וּבִלְדַּ֣ד הַשּׁוּחִ֗י צֹפַר֙ הַנַּ֣עֲמָתִ֔י וַֽיַּעֲשׂ֔וּ כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר דִּבֶּ֥ר אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם יְהוָ֑ה וַיִּשָּׂ֥א יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־פְּנֵ֥י אִיּֽוֹב׃‬ So Eliphaz the Temanite and Bildad the Shuhite and Zophar the Naamathite departed and acted according to what the Lord had told them, and the Lord restored Job. restored ← lifted the face of.
Job 42:10 ‫וַֽיהוָ֗ה שָׁ֚ב אֶת־*שבית **שְׁב֣וּת אִיּ֔וֹב בְּהִֽתְפַּֽלְל֖וֹ בְּעַ֣ד רֵעֵ֑הוּ וַ֧יֹּסֶף יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְאִיּ֖וֹב לְמִשְׁנֶֽה׃‬ And the Lord restored the fortunes of Job when he prayed for his friend, and the Lord restored everything of Job's – double. restored the fortunes ← turned the captivity. The ketiv / qeré issue is as in Jer 29:14.

his friend: the Hebrew consonants and vowels are for friend. [BHS-CA] proposes a consonantal change to friends (רֵעָיו), which we decline.

restored everything ... double ← added everything ... for doubling. Idiomatic ↴
Job 42:11 ‫וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ אֵ֠לָיו כָּל־אֶחָ֨יו וְכָל־*אחיתיו **אַחְיוֹתָ֜יו וְכָל־יֹדְעָ֣יו לְפָנִ֗ים וַיֹּאכְל֨וּ עִמּ֣וֹ לֶחֶם֮ בְּבֵיתוֹ֒ וַיָּנֻ֤דוּ לוֹ֙ וַיְנַחֲמ֣וּ אֹת֔וֹ עַ֚ל כָּל־הָ֣רָעָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־הֵבִ֥יא יְהוָ֖ה עָלָ֑יו וַיִּתְּנוּ־ל֗וֹ אִ֚ישׁ קְשִׂיטָ֣ה אֶחָ֔ת וְאִ֕ישׁ נֶ֥זֶם זָהָ֖ב אֶחָֽד׃ ס‬ And all his brothers and all his sisters and all his previous acquaintances came to him, and they ate bread with him in his house, and they consoled him and comforted him over all the calamity that the Lord had brought on him, and each gave him one kesitah coin, and each gave one golden earring. ↳ for doubling (not adding double, which is tripling).

sisters: the ketiv can be regarded as a scriptio defectiva spelling of the qeré.

kesitah: see Gen 33:19.

earring: perhaps, nosering. See Gen 24:47.
Job 42:12 ‫וַֽיהוָ֗ה בֵּרַ֛ךְ אֶת־אַחֲרִ֥ית אִיּ֖וֹב מֵרֵאשִׁת֑וֹ וַֽיְהִי־ל֡וֹ אַרְבָּעָה֩ עָשָׂ֨ר אֶ֜לֶף צֹ֗אן וְשֵׁ֤שֶׁת אֲלָפִים֙ גְּמַלִּ֔ים וְאֶֽלֶף־צֶ֥מֶד בָּקָ֖ר וְאֶ֥לֶף אֲתוֹנֽוֹת׃‬ And the Lord blessed the latter days of Job more than his former days, and he had fourteen thousand sheep, and six thousand camels, and one thousand yoke of oxen, and one thousand she-asses. yoke: see Job 1:3.

she-asses: as in Job 1:3.
Job 42:13 ‫וַֽיְהִי־ל֛וֹ שִׁבְעָ֥נָה בָנִ֖ים וְשָׁל֥וֹשׁ בָּנֽוֹת׃‬ And he had seven sons and three daughters.
Job 42:14 ‫וַיִּקְרָ֤א שֵׁם־הָֽאַחַת֙ יְמִימָ֔ה וְשֵׁ֥ם הַשֵּׁנִ֖ית קְצִיעָ֑ה וְשֵׁ֥ם הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֖ית קֶ֥רֶן הַפּֽוּךְ׃‬ And he called one Jemima, and the second one Keziah, and he called the third Keren-Happuch. Keziah: AV= Kezia.
Job 42:15 ‫וְלֹ֨א נִמְצָ֜א נָשִׁ֥ים יָפ֛וֹת כִּבְנ֥וֹת אִיּ֖וֹב בְּכָל־הָאָ֑רֶץ וַיִּתֵּ֨ן לָהֶ֧ם אֲבִיהֶ֛ם נַחֲלָ֖ה בְּת֥וֹךְ אֲחֵיהֶֽם׃ ס‬ And no women were found as beautiful as Job's daughters in all the land, and their father gave them an inheritance among their brothers.
Job 42:16 ‫וַיְחִ֤י אִיּוֹב֙ אַֽחֲרֵי־זֹ֔את מֵאָ֥ה וְאַרְבָּעִ֖ים שָׁנָ֑ה *וירא **וַיִּרְאֶ֗ה אֶת־בָּנָיו֙ וְאֶת־בְּנֵ֣י בָנָ֔יו אַרְבָּעָ֖ה דֹּרֽוֹת׃‬ And after this Job lived one hundred and forty years, and he saw his sons and his grandsons, to four generations. and he saw: the ketiv is an common apocopated form of the qeré.
Job 42:17 ‫וַיָּ֣מָת אִיּ֔וֹב זָקֵ֖ן וּשְׂבַ֥ע יָמִֽים׃‬ And Job died old and full of days. full ← satisfied.
Prov 1:1 ‫מִ֭שְׁלֵי שְׁלֹמֹ֣ה בֶן־דָּוִ֑ד מֶ֝֗לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃‬ The proverbs of Solomon the son of David, the king of Israel,
Prov 1:2 ‫לָדַ֣עַת חָכְמָ֣ה וּמוּסָ֑ר לְ֝הָבִ֗ין אִמְרֵ֥י בִינָֽה׃‬

For discerning wisdom and instruction,

For understanding perspicacious sayings,

perspicacious sayings ← sayings of perspicacity / understanding, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 1:3 ‫לָ֭קַחַת מוּסַ֣ר הַשְׂכֵּ֑ל צֶ֥דֶק וּ֝מִשְׁפָּ֗ט וּמֵישָׁרִֽים׃‬

For acquiring instruction in prudence,

Righteousness, and judgment and uprightness,

Prov 1:4 ‫לָתֵ֣ת לִפְתָאיִ֣ם עָרְמָ֑ה לְ֝נַ֗עַר דַּ֣עַת וּמְזִמָּֽה׃‬

To give shrewdness to the gullible,

And knowledge and thoughtfulness to the young man.

Prov 1:5 ‫יִשְׁמַ֣ע חָ֭כָם וְי֣וֹסֶף לֶ֑קַח וְ֝נָב֗וֹן תַּחְבֻּל֥וֹת יִקְנֶֽה׃‬

The wise man will hear,

And he will add to his learning,

And the astute will acquire guidance,

Prov 1:6 ‫לְהָבִ֣ין מָ֭שָׁל וּמְלִיצָ֑ה דִּבְרֵ֥י חֲ֝כָמִ֗ים וְחִידֹתָֽם׃‬

In understanding a proverb or an enigma

– The words of the wise and their riddles.

in understanding: gerundial use of the infinitive.

riddles: or parables.
Prov 1:7 ‫יִרְאַ֣ת יְ֭הוָה רֵאשִׁ֣ית דָּ֑עַת חָכְמָ֥ה וּ֝מוּסָ֗ר אֱוִילִ֥ים בָּֽזוּ׃ פ‬

Fear of the Lord is the beginning of knowledge,

But fools despise wisdom and instruction.

Prov 1:8 ‫שְׁמַ֣ע בְּ֭נִי מוּסַ֣ר אָבִ֑יךָ וְאַל־תִּ֝טֹּ֗שׁ תּוֹרַ֥ת אִמֶּֽךָ׃‬

My son, hear the correction of your father,

And do not forsake the instruction of your mother,

correction: or instruction.

instruction: or law.
Prov 1:9 ‫כִּ֤י ׀ לִוְיַ֤ת חֵ֓ן הֵ֬ם לְרֹאשֶׁ֑ךָ וַ֝עֲנָקִ֗ים לְגַרְגְּרֹתֶֽיךָ׃‬

For they are a garland of grace for your head

And a necklace around your neck.

around your neck ← for your neck.
Prov 1:10 ‫בְּנִ֡י אִם־יְפַתּ֥וּךָ חַ֝טָּאִ֗ים אַל־תֹּבֵֽא׃‬

My son, if sinners entice you,

Do not comply.

Prov 1:11 ‫אִם־יֹאמְרוּ֮ לְכָ֪ה אִ֫תָּ֥נוּ נֶאֶרְבָ֥ה לְדָ֑ם נִצְפְּנָ֖ה לְנָקִ֣י חִנָּֽם׃‬

If they say,

“Come with us,

Let's ambush for blood;

Let's without moral concern lie hidden for the innocent.

without moral concern ← for nothing, gratuitously.
Prov 1:12 ‫נִ֭בְלָעֵם כִּשְׁא֣וֹל חַיִּ֑ים וּ֝תְמִימִ֗ים כְּי֣וֹרְדֵי בֽוֹר׃‬

Let's swallow them up

Like a grave for the living,

And whole,

Like those who go down into the pit.

for the living ← of the living. Wider use of the construct state.
Prov 1:13 ‫כָּל־ה֣וֹן יָקָ֣ר נִמְצָ֑א נְמַלֵּ֖א בָתֵּ֣ינוּ שָׁלָֽל׃‬

We will find all sorts of valuable goods

– We will fill our houses with booty.

goods ← commodity; wealth.
Prov 1:14 ‫גּ֭וֹרָ֣לְךָ תַּפִּ֣יל בְּתוֹכֵ֑נוּ כִּ֥יס אֶ֝חָ֗ד יִהְיֶ֥ה לְכֻלָּֽנוּ׃‬

Cast your lot in with us;

We will all have one purse”,

Prov 1:15 ‫בְּנִ֗י אַל־תֵּלֵ֣ךְ בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ אִתָּ֑ם מְנַ֥ע רַ֝גְלְךָ֗ מִנְּתִיבָתָֽם׃‬

Then, my son, do not go that way with them.

Keep your foot from their path,

Prov 1:16 ‫כִּ֣י רַ֭גְלֵיהֶם לָרַ֣ע יָר֑וּצוּ וִֽ֝ימַהֲר֗וּ לִשְׁפָּךְ־דָּֽם׃‬

For their feet are running towards wrongdoing,

And they are hastening to shed blood,

Prov 1:17 ‫כִּֽי־חִ֭נָּם מְזֹרָ֣ה הָרָ֑שֶׁת בְּ֝עֵינֵ֗י כָל־בַּ֥עַל כָּנָֽף׃‬

For the net is spread without suspicion

In the eyes of all fowl,

without suspicion ← without (moral) concern from the perpetrator's perspective, but without suspicion from the victim's perspective here.

fowl ← owner of a wing.
Prov 1:18 ‫וְ֭הֵם לְדָמָ֣ם יֶאֱרֹ֑בוּ יִ֝צְפְּנ֗וּ לְנַפְשֹׁתָֽם׃‬

But they lie in wait for their own blood

– They hide so as to take their own lives.

The next verse explains this verse.

lives ← souls.
Prov 1:19 ‫כֵּ֗ן אָ֭רְחוֹת כָּל־בֹּ֣צֵֽעַ בָּ֑צַע אֶת־נֶ֖פֶשׁ בְּעָלָ֣יו יִקָּֽח׃ פ‬

Such are the paths of everyone who engages in robbery

It costs him his own life.

engages in robbery ← plunders plunder.

it costs him his own life ← it takes the soul of its owners.
Prov 1:20 ‫חָ֭כְמוֹת בַּח֣וּץ תָּרֹ֑נָּה בָּ֝רְחֹב֗וֹת תִּתֵּ֥ן קוֹלָֽהּ׃‬

Wisdom cries out in the open;

In the streets it raises its voice.

raises ← gives.
Prov 1:21 ‫בְּרֹ֥אשׁ הֹמִיּ֗וֹת תִּ֫קְרָ֥א בְּפִתְחֵ֖י שְׁעָרִ֥ים בָּעִ֗יר אֲמָרֶ֥יהָ תֹאמֵֽר׃‬

It calls out at the centre of public life;

At the city's gate entrance, it delivers its discourse

And says,

centre ← head.

public life ← bustling.

delivers ← says.
Prov 1:22 ‫עַד־מָתַ֣י ׀ פְּתָיִם֮ תְּֽאֵהֲב֫וּ פֶ֥תִי וְלֵצִ֗ים לָ֭צוֹן חָמְד֣וּ לָהֶ֑ם וּ֝כְסִילִ֗ים יִשְׂנְאוּ־דָֽעַת׃‬

“How long, you gullible people, will you love gullibility?

And the mockers have made mockery their delight,

While fools detest knowledge.

while: wider use of the vav.
Prov 1:23 ‫תָּשׁ֗וּבוּ לְֽת֫וֹכַחְתִּ֥י הִנֵּ֤ה אַבִּ֣יעָה לָכֶ֣ם רוּחִ֑י אוֹדִ֖יעָה דְבָרַ֣י אֶתְכֶֽם׃‬

Return to my reproof.

Look, let me pour out my spirit on you;

Let me make my arguments known to you,

on you ← to you.

arguments ← words.
Prov 1:24 ‫יַ֣עַן קָ֭רָאתִי וַתְּמָאֵ֑נוּ נָטִ֥יתִי יָ֝דִ֗י וְאֵ֣ין מַקְשִֽׁיב׃‬

Because I have called out,

But you have refused.

I have extended my hand,

But no-one has paid attention,

Prov 1:25 ‫וַתִּפְרְע֥וּ כָל־עֲצָתִ֑י וְ֝תוֹכַחְתִּ֗י לֹ֣א אֲבִיתֶֽם׃‬

And you have neglected all my advice,

And you have declined my reproof.

declined ← not wanted.
Prov 1:26 ‫גַּם־אֲ֭נִי בְּאֵידְכֶ֣ם אֶשְׂחָ֑ק אֶ֝לְעַ֗ג בְּבֹ֣א פַחְדְּכֶֽם׃‬

I for my part will laugh at your downfall;

I will mock

When fear due to you arrives.

for my part ← also, but with wider scope.

fear due to you ← your fear, a subjective genitive (when you fear).
Prov 1:27 ‫בְּבֹ֤א *כשאוה **כְשׁוֹאָ֨ה ׀ פַּחְדְּכֶ֗ם וְֽ֭אֵידְכֶם כְּסוּפָ֣ה יֶאֱתֶ֑ה בְּבֹ֥א עֲ֝לֵיכֶ֗ם צָרָ֥ה וְצוּקָֽה׃‬

When fear on you arrives like {K: a tempest} [Q: destruction],

And your downfall comes like a whirlwind

– When distress and trouble come over you –

fear on you ← your fear, a subjective genitive (when you fear).
Prov 1:28 ‫אָ֣ז יִ֭קְרָאֻנְנִי וְלֹ֣א אֶֽעֱנֶ֑ה יְ֝שַׁחֲרֻ֗נְנִי וְלֹ֣א יִמְצָאֻֽנְנִי׃‬

Then they will call on me,

But I will not answer;

They will seek me diligently,

But they will not find me,

they: a change of grammatical person is not uncommon in Hebrew.

diligently ← early, but metaphorically for diligently.
Prov 1:29 ‫תַּ֭חַת כִּי־שָׂ֣נְאוּ דָ֑עַת וְיִרְאַ֥ת יְ֝הֹוָ֗ה לֹ֣א בָחָֽרוּ׃‬

Because they detested knowledge,

And they did not choose fear of the Lord.

Prov 1:30 ‫לֹא־אָב֥וּ לַעֲצָתִ֑י נָ֝אֲצ֗וּ כָּל־תּוֹכַחְתִּֽי׃‬

They did not want my advice;

They despised all my reproof.

Prov 1:31 ‫וְֽ֭יֹאכְלוּ מִפְּרִ֣י דַרְכָּ֑ם וּֽמִמֹּעֲצֹ֖תֵיהֶ֣ם יִשְׂבָּֽעוּ׃‬

So they will eat the fruit of their way

And be satiated with their own counsels,

so: consecutive (result) use of the vav.

the fruit ← from the fruit.
Prov 1:32 ‫כִּ֤י מְשׁוּבַ֣ת פְּתָיִ֣ם תַּֽהַרְגֵ֑ם וְשַׁלְוַ֖ת כְּסִילִ֣ים תְּאַבְּדֵֽם׃‬

For the apostasy of the gullible will kill them,

And the disregard of fools will destroy them.

Prov 1:33 ‫וְשֹׁמֵ֣עַֽ לִ֭י יִשְׁכָּן־בֶּ֑טַח וְ֝שַׁאֲנַ֗ן מִפַּ֥חַד רָעָֽה׃ פ‬

But he who hears me will dwell in security

And will be sheltered from fear of harm.”

sheltered ← at ease.
Prov 2:1 ‫בְּ֭נִי אִם־תִּקַּ֣ח אֲמָרָ֑י וּ֝מִצְוֺתַ֗י תִּצְפֹּ֥ן אִתָּֽךְ׃‬

My son, if you accept my sayings,

And treasure up my commandments with you,

if: the apodosis is in verse 5.
Prov 2:2 ‫לְהַקְשִׁ֣יב לַֽחָכְמָ֣ה אָזְנֶ֑ךָ תַּטֶּ֥ה לִ֝בְּךָ֗ לַתְּבוּנָֽה׃‬

By your ear paying heed to wisdom,

And if you incline your heart to understanding

your ear: we take this as the subject of the verb. AV differs, but the resultant sense is similar.
Prov 2:3 ‫כִּ֤י אִ֣ם לַבִּינָ֣ה תִקְרָ֑א לַ֝תְּבוּנָ֗ה תִּתֵּ֥ן קוֹלֶֽךָ׃‬

– Indeed, if you call out for discernment,

And if you devote your voice to asking for understanding,

Prov 2:4 ‫אִם־תְּבַקְשֶׁ֥נָּה כַכָּ֑סֶף וְֽכַמַּטְמוֹנִ֥ים תַּחְפְּשֶֽׂנָּה׃‬

If you seek it like silver,

And search for it like hidden treasure,

Prov 2:5 ‫אָ֗ז תָּ֭בִין יִרְאַ֣ת יְהוָ֑ה וְדַ֖עַת אֱלֹהִ֣ים תִּמְצָֽא׃‬

Then you will understand the fear of the Lord

And find knowledge of God.

Prov 2:6 ‫כִּֽי־יְ֭הוָה יִתֵּ֣ן חָכְמָ֑ה מִ֝פִּ֗יו דַּ֣עַת וּתְבוּנָֽה׃‬

For the Lord will give wisdom;

Knowledge and understanding come from his mouth.

Prov 2:7 ‫*וצפן **יִצְפֹּ֣ן לַ֭יְשָׁרִים תּוּשִׁיָּ֑ה מָ֝גֵ֗ן לְהֹ֣לְכֵי תֹֽם׃‬

{K: And} [Q: And] he will store up resourcefulness for the upright.

He is a shield to those who walk in integrity,

The ketiv is preceded by a conjunctive vav, which is a preformative yod in the qeré, changing the tense / aspect / perspective. The meanings are essentially the same here.
Prov 2:8 ‫לִ֭נְצֹר אָרְח֣וֹת מִשְׁפָּ֑ט וְדֶ֖רֶךְ *חסידו **חֲסִידָ֣יו יִשְׁמֹֽר׃‬

By maintaining paths of justice;

He keeps the way of {Q: those} [K: him] under his grace.

By maintaining: gerundial use of the infinitive.
Prov 2:9 ‫אָ֗ז תָּ֭בִין צֶ֣דֶק וּמִשְׁפָּ֑ט וּ֝מֵישָׁרִ֗ים כָּל־מַעְגַּל־טֽוֹב׃‬

And then you will understand righteousness and justice,

And uprightness – every good path.

Prov 2:10 ‫כִּֽי־תָב֣וֹא חָכְמָ֣ה בְלִבֶּ֑ךָ וְ֝דַ֗עַת לְֽנַפְשְׁךָ֥ יִנְעָֽם׃‬

For wisdom will enter your heart,

And knowledge will be a delight to your being.

your being ← your soul.
Prov 2:11 ‫מְ֭זִמָּה תִּשְׁמֹ֥ר עָלֶ֗יךָ תְּבוּנָ֥ה תִנְצְרֶֽכָּה׃‬

Thoughtfulness will guard you;

Understanding will protect you,

Prov 2:12 ‫לְ֭הַצִּ֣ילְךָ מִדֶּ֣רֶךְ רָ֑ע מֵ֝אִ֗ישׁ מְדַבֵּ֥ר תַּהְפֻּכֽוֹת׃‬

In saving you from the way of the wicked

– From the man speaking subversive things

in saving: gerundial use of the infinitive.
Prov 2:13 ‫הַ֭עֹ֣זְבִים אָרְח֣וֹת יֹ֑שֶׁר לָ֝לֶ֗כֶת בְּדַרְכֵי־חֹֽשֶׁךְ׃‬

From those who leave upright paths

To walk in paths of darkness

upright paths ← paths of uprightness, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 2:14 ‫הַ֭שְּׂמֵחִים לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת רָ֑ע יָ֝גִ֗ילוּ בְּֽתַהְפֻּכ֥וֹת רָֽע׃‬

From those who take pleasure in doing evil,

And rejoice in the subversive ways of evil,

take pleasure ← (are) happy.

in doing: gerundial use of the infinitive.

the subversive ways ← subversivenesses.
Prov 2:15 ‫אֲשֶׁ֣ר אָרְחֹתֵיהֶ֣ם עִקְּשִׁ֑ים וּ֝נְלוֹזִ֗ים בְּמַעְגְּלוֹתָֽם׃‬

Whose ways are perverse,

And who are devious in their paths,

Prov 2:16 ‫לְ֭הַצִּ֣ילְךָ מֵאִשָּׁ֣ה זָרָ֑ה מִ֝נָּכְרִיָּ֗ה אֲמָרֶ֥יהָ הֶחֱלִֽיקָה׃‬

And by saving you from the stranger-woman

– From the foreign lady who flatters with her talk,

by saving: gerundial use of the infinitive.

talk ← sayings.
Prov 2:17 ‫הַ֭עֹזֶבֶת אַלּ֣וּף נְעוּרֶ֑יהָ וְאֶת־בְּרִ֖ית אֱלֹהֶ֣יהָ שָׁכֵֽחָה׃‬

Who leaves the mentor of her youth

And forgets the covenant of her God,

Prov 2:18 ‫כִּ֤י שָׁ֣חָה אֶל־מָ֣וֶת בֵּיתָ֑הּ וְאֶל־רְ֝פָאִ֗ים מַעְגְּלֹתֶֽיהָ׃‬

For she has sunk into what brings the death of her household,

And her paths lead to the Rephaim.

she has sunk: we take the verb as feminine past from שׁוּחַ, as do [AnLx] and MT. AV differs, ignoring MT's munach, taking the verb as masculine, from שָׁחָה, but the net result is similar.

Rephaim: see [CB] App. 25. AV differs (dead).
Prov 2:19 ‫כָּל־בָּ֭אֶיהָ לֹ֣א יְשׁוּב֑וּן וְלֹֽא־יַ֝שִּׂ֗יגוּ אָרְח֥וֹת חַיִּֽים׃‬

None who come to her return,

And they do not attain to the paths of life.

Prov 2:20 ‫לְמַ֗עַן תֵּ֭לֵךְ בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ טוֹבִ֑ים וְאָרְח֖וֹת צַדִּיקִ֣ים תִּשְׁמֹֽר׃‬

My sayings are so that you may walk in the way of the good,

And keep to the paths of the righteous,

Prov 2:21 ‫כִּֽי־יְשָׁרִ֥ים יִשְׁכְּנוּ אָ֑רֶץ וּ֝תְמִימִ֗ים יִוָּ֥תְרוּ בָֽהּ׃‬

For the upright will dwell in the land,

And those with integrity will remain in it,

in the land ← on the earth.
Prov 2:22 ‫וּ֭רְשָׁעִים מֵאֶ֣רֶץ יִכָּרֵ֑תוּ וּ֝בוֹגְדִ֗ים יִסְּח֥וּ מִמֶּֽנָּה׃ פ‬

But the wicked will be cut off from the land,

And the treacherous will be wrenched out of it.

will be wrenched out: as qal of נָסַח, this is avoidance of the passive, from they will wrench out. Alternatively, re-point as niphal of סָחָה, so יִסָּחוּ, they will be swept away.
Prov 3:1 ‫בְּ֭נִי תּוֹרָתִ֣י אַל־תִּשְׁכָּ֑ח וּ֝מִצְוֺתַ֗י יִצֹּ֥ר לִבֶּֽךָ׃‬

My son, do not forget my instruction,

And let your heart keep my commandments,

instruction: or law.
Prov 3:2 ‫כִּ֤י אֹ֣רֶךְ יָ֭מִים וּשְׁנ֣וֹת חַיִּ֑ים וְ֝שָׁל֗וֹם יוֹסִ֥יפוּ לָֽךְ׃‬

For they will add length of days

And years of life

And peace to you.

Prov 3:3 ‫חֶ֥סֶד וֶאֱמֶ֗ת אַֽל־יַעַ֫זְבֻ֥ךָ קָשְׁרֵ֥ם עַל־גַּרְגְּרוֹתֶ֑יךָ כָּ֝תְבֵ֗ם עַל־ל֥וּחַ לִבֶּֽךָ׃‬

Do not let kindness and truth leave you.

Bind them around your neck;

Write them on the tablet of your heart,

Prov 3:4 ‫וּמְצָא־חֵ֖ן וְשֵֽׂכֶל־ט֑וֹב בְּעֵינֵ֖י אֱלֹהִ֣ים וְאָדָֽם׃ פ‬

And find grace and recognition of sound intellect

In the eyes of God and man.

Alluded to in Rom 12:17.
Prov 3:5 ‫בְּטַ֣ח אֶל־יְ֭הוָה בְּכָל־לִבֶּ֑ךָ וְאֶל־בִּֽ֝ינָתְךָ֗ אַל־תִּשָּׁעֵֽן׃‬

Trust in the Lord with all your heart,

And do not rely on your own understanding.

Prov 3:6 ‫בְּכָל־דְּרָכֶ֥יךָ דָעֵ֑הוּ וְ֝ה֗וּא יְיַשֵּׁ֥ר אֹֽרְחֹתֶֽיךָ׃‬

In all your ways acknowledge him,

And he will direct your paths.

Prov 3:7 ‫אַל־תְּהִ֣י חָכָ֣ם בְּעֵינֶ֑יךָ יְרָ֥א אֶת־יְ֝הוָ֗ה וְס֣וּר מֵרָֽע׃‬

Do not be wise in your own eyes;

Fear the Lord,

And depart from evil.

Rom 12:16.
Prov 3:8 ‫רִ֭פְאוּת תְּהִ֣י לְשָׁרֶּ֑ךָ וְ֝שִׁקּ֗וּי לְעַצְמוֹתֶֽיךָ׃‬

Let healing come to your sinews,

And refreshment to your bones.

come ← become.

sinews ← sinew. AV differs (navel) (compare Ezek 16:4).

refreshment: AV differs (marrow).
Prov 3:9 ‫כַּבֵּ֣ד אֶת־יְ֭הוָה מֵהוֹנֶ֑ךָ וּ֝מֵרֵאשִׁ֗ית כָּל־תְּבוּאָתֶֽךָ׃‬

Honour the Lord with a portion of your wealth,

And with the firstfruits of all your produce,

Prov 3:10 ‫וְיִמָּלְא֣וּ אֲסָמֶ֣יךָ שָׂבָ֑ע וְ֝תִיר֗וֹשׁ יְקָבֶ֥יךָ יִפְרֹֽצוּ׃ פ‬

And your storehouses will be filled in abundance

So that your wine vats will overflow with new wine.

so that: purposive use of the vav.
Prov 3:11 ‫מוּסַ֣ר יְ֭הוָה בְּנִ֣י אַל־תִּמְאָ֑ס וְאַל־תָּ֝קֹ֗ץ בְּתוֹכַחְתּֽוֹ׃‬

My son, do not reject the Lord's correction,

And do not be averse to his reproof,

Heb 12:5.

Compare this verse with Job 5:17.
Prov 3:12 ‫כִּ֤י אֶ֥ת אֲשֶׁ֣ר יֶאֱהַ֣ב יְהוָ֣ה יוֹכִ֑יחַ וּ֝כְאָ֗ב אֶת־בֵּ֥ן יִרְצֶֽה׃‬

For the Lord reproves those he loves,

Just as a father does with a son in whom he delights.

Heb 12:6, Rev 3:19, adapted.

just as ← and as.
Prov 3:13 ‫אַשְׁרֵ֣י אָ֭דָם מָצָ֣א חָכְמָ֑ה וְ֝אָדָ֗ם יָפִ֥יק תְּבוּנָֽה׃‬

Happy is the man who has found wisdom,

And the man who obtains understanding,

Prov 3:14 ‫כִּ֤י ט֣וֹב סַ֭חְרָהּ מִסְּחַר־כָּ֑סֶף וּ֝מֵחָר֗וּץ תְּבוּאָתָֽהּ׃‬

For its value is greater than the value of silver,

And its yield is greater than that of gold.

value (2x)profitability.
Prov 3:15 ‫יְקָ֣רָה הִ֭יא *מפניים **מִפְּנִינִ֑ים וְכָל־חֲ֝פָצֶ֗יךָ לֹ֣א יִֽשְׁווּ־בָֽהּ׃‬

It is more precious than red corals,

And none of your material desires can be compared to it.

red corals: or pearls, but see Lam 4:7. The ketiv has to be regarded as a variant form of the qeré.
Prov 3:16 ‫אֹ֣רֶךְ יָ֭מִים בִּֽימִינָ֑הּ בִּ֝שְׂמֹאולָ֗הּ עֹ֣שֶׁר וְכָבֽוֹד׃‬

Length of days is in its right hand,

And in its left hand are wealth and honour.

Prov 3:17 ‫דְּרָכֶ֥יהָ דַרְכֵי־נֹ֑עַם וְֽכָל־נְתִ֖יבוֹתֶ֣יהָ שָׁלֽוֹם׃‬

Its ways are pleasant ways,

And all its paths are peaceable.

pleasant ways ← ways of pleasantness, a Hebraic genitive.

peaceable ← peace.
Prov 3:18 ‫עֵץ־חַיִּ֣ים הִ֭יא לַמַּחֲזִיקִ֣ים בָּ֑הּ וְֽתֹמְכֶ֥יהָ מְאֻשָּֽׁר׃ פ‬

It is a tree of life to those who take hold of it,

And each of those who obtain it is content.

each ... is content: from the plural verb with a singular participial complement.
Prov 3:19 ‫יְֽהוָ֗ה בְּחָכְמָ֥ה יָֽסַד־אָ֑רֶץ כּוֹנֵ֥ן שָׁ֝מַ֗יִם בִּתְבוּנָֽה׃‬

The Lord founded the earth in wisdom;

He established the heavens with competence.

Prov 3:20 ‫בְּ֭דַעְתּוֹ תְּהוֹמ֣וֹת נִבְקָ֑עוּ וּ֝שְׁחָקִ֗ים יִרְעֲפוּ־טָֽל׃‬

By his knowledge, the oceans were split open,

And the skies now distil dew.

Prov 3:21 ‫בְּ֭נִי אַל־יָלֻ֣זוּ מֵעֵינֶ֑יךָ נְצֹ֥ר תֻּ֝שִׁיָּ֗ה וּמְזִמָּֽה׃‬

My son, do not let them go out of your sight;

Guard resourcefulness and thoughtfulness,

them: possible references: kindness and truth (v.3), wisdom and competence (v.19, but ascribed to the Lord), resourcefulness and competence (this verse). The ↴

sight ← eyes.
Prov 3:22 ‫וְיִֽהְי֣וּ חַיִּ֣ים לְנַפְשֶׁ֑ךָ וְ֝חֵ֗ן לְגַרְגְּרֹתֶֽיךָ׃‬

And your being will have life,

And your neck will have grace.

↳ latter two are discordant in gender (acceptable in Hebrew).

being ← soul.
Prov 3:23 ‫אָ֤ז תֵּלֵ֣ךְ לָבֶ֣טַח דַּרְכֶּ֑ךָ וְ֝רַגְלְךָ֗ לֹ֣א תִגּֽוֹף׃‬

Then you will walk in your way safely,

And your foot will not strike anything.

your foot will not strike: or you will not strike your foot.
Prov 3:24 ‫אִם־תִּשְׁכַּ֥ב לֹֽא־תִפְחָ֑ד וְ֝שָׁכַבְתָּ֗ וְֽעָרְבָ֥ה שְׁנָתֶֽךָ׃‬

When you lie down, you will not fear.

So you will lie down, and your sleep will be sweet.

Prov 3:25 ‫אַל־תִּ֭ירָא מִפַּ֣חַד פִּתְאֹ֑ם וּמִשֹּׁאַ֥ת רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים כִּ֣י תָבֹֽא׃‬

Do not be afraid of a sudden terror

Or of the destructive action of the wicked

When it comes about.

Prov 3:26 ‫כִּֽי־יְ֭הוָה יִהְיֶ֣ה בְכִסְלֶ֑ךָ וְשָׁמַ֖ר רַגְלְךָ֣ מִלָּֽכֶד׃‬

For the Lord will be in your inward parts,

And he will keep your foot from becoming caught.

in your inward parts: AV differs (thy confidence), which is perhaps the metaphorical sense, but it does not account for the בְּ (in). The word can also mean stupidity.

becoming caught ← capture.
Prov 3:27 ‫אַל־תִּמְנַע־ט֥וֹב מִבְּעָלָ֑יו בִּהְי֨וֹת לְאֵ֖ל *ידיך **יָדְךָ֣ לַעֲשֽׂוֹת׃‬

Do not deny what is good

To those to whom it is appropriate,

When it is within your means to do it.

your means ← the power of your hands (ketiv), or your hand (qeré).

deny ← withhold.

those to whom it is appropriate ← its proprietors (apPROPRiate / PROPRietors).
Prov 3:28 ‫אַל־תֹּ֘אמַ֤ר *לרעיך **לְרֵֽעֲךָ֨ ׀ לֵ֣ךְ וָ֭שׁוּב וּמָחָ֥ר אֶתֵּ֗ן וְיֵ֣שׁ אִתָּֽךְ׃‬

Do not say to your {Q: neighbour} [K: neighbours],

“Go, and come back,

And tomorrow I will give you something”,

When you have the means.

Prov 3:29 ‫אַל־תַּחֲרֹ֣שׁ עַל־רֵעֲךָ֣ רָעָ֑ה וְהֽוּא־יוֹשֵׁ֖ב לָבֶ֣טַח אִתָּֽךְ׃‬

Do not devise evil against your neighbour

Who lives safely alongside you.

alongside ← with.
Prov 3:30 ‫אַל־*תרוב **תָּרִ֣יב עִם־אָדָ֣ם חִנָּ֑ם אִם־לֹ֖א גְמָלְךָ֣ רָעָֽה׃‬

Do not contend with a man gratuitously,

If he has not caused you any harm.

contend: the ketiv is a variant of the qeré. A vav / yod issue.

caused ← requited.
Prov 3:31 ‫אַל־תְּ֭קַנֵּא בְּאִ֣ישׁ חָמָ֑ס וְאַל־תִּ֝בְחַ֗ר בְּכָל־דְּרָכָֽיו׃‬

Do not be envious of a man of violence,

And do not choose any of his ways,

any ← all.
Prov 3:32 ‫כִּ֤י תוֹעֲבַ֣ת יְהוָ֣ה נָל֑וֹז וְֽאֶת־יְשָׁרִ֥ים סוֹדֽוֹ׃‬

For the devious man is an abomination to the Lord,

But his secret is with the upright.

Prov 3:33 ‫מְאֵרַ֣ת יְ֭הוָה בְּבֵ֣ית רָשָׁ֑ע וּנְוֵ֖ה צַדִּיקִ֣ים יְבָרֵֽךְ׃‬

The Lord's curse is on the house of the wicked,

But he blesses the abode of the righteous.

Prov 3:34 ‫אִם־לַלֵּצִ֥ים הֽוּא־יָלִ֑יץ *ולעניים **וְ֝לַעֲנָוִ֗ים יִתֶּן־חֵֽן׃‬

Whereas he will mock the mockers,

He will give grace to the {Q: meek} [K: poor].

The ketiv / qeré issue is a yod / vav issue.

1 Pet 5:5, James 4:6.
Prov 3:35 ‫כָּ֭בוֹד חֲכָמִ֣ים יִנְחָ֑לוּ וּ֝כְסִילִ֗ים מֵרִ֥ים קָלֽוֹן׃ פ‬

The wise will inherit honour,

But contempt will show up fools.

will show up ← raises up, so holds up to view (as contemptible). It is in a Hebrew “OVS” (object-verb-subject) sentence.
Prov 4:1 ‫שִׁמְע֣וּ בָ֭נִים מ֣וּסַר אָ֑ב וְ֝הַקְשִׁ֗יבוּ לָדַ֥עַת בִּינָֽה׃‬

You sons, hear the father's correction,

And pay attention to knowing understanding,

Prov 4:2 ‫כִּ֤י לֶ֣קַח ט֭וֹב נָתַ֣תִּי לָכֶ֑ם תּֽ֝וֹרָתִ֗י אַֽל־תַּעֲזֹֽבוּ׃‬

For I give you good learning.

Do not forsake my instruction,

instruction: or law.
Prov 4:3 ‫כִּי־בֵ֭ן הָיִ֣יתִי לְאָבִ֑י רַ֥ךְ וְ֝יָחִ֗יד לִפְנֵ֥י אִמִּֽי׃‬

For I was a son to my father,

And tender and special in my mother's eyes.

in my mother's eyes ← before my mother, or, more literally, to the face of my mother.
Prov 4:4 ‫וַיֹּרֵ֗נִי וַיֹּ֥אמֶר לִ֗י יִֽתְמָךְ־דְּבָרַ֥י לִבֶּ֑ךָ שְׁמֹ֖ר מִצְוֺתַ֣י וֶֽחְיֵֽה׃‬

And he taught me, and he said to me,

“Let your heart take hold of my words;

Keep my commandments and live.

take hold of: in a Hebrew “VOS” (verb-object-subject) sentence.
Prov 4:5 ‫קְנֵ֣ה חָ֭כְמָה קְנֵ֣ה בִינָ֑ה אַל־תִּשְׁכַּ֥ח וְאַל־תֵּ֝֗ט מֵֽאִמְרֵי־פִֽי׃‬

Acquire wisdom, acquire understanding;

Do not forget,

And do not turn aside from the sayings

Which I utter.

which I utter ← of my mouth.
Prov 4:6 ‫אַל־תַּעַזְבֶ֥הָ וְתִשְׁמְרֶ֑ךָּ אֱהָבֶ֥הָ וְתִצְּרֶֽךָּ׃‬

Do not forsake it,

And it will keep you;

Love it,

And it will guard you.

Prov 4:7 ‫רֵאשִׁ֣ית חָ֭כְמָה קְנֵ֣ה חָכְמָ֑ה וּבְכָל־קִ֝נְיָנְךָ֗ קְנֵ֣ה בִינָֽה׃‬

The prime thing is wisdom.

Acquire wisdom,

And among all your acquisitions,

Acquire understanding.

Prov 4:8 ‫סַלְסְלֶ֥הָ וּֽתְרוֹמְמֶ֑ךָּ תְּ֝כַבֵּ֗דְךָ כִּ֣י תְחַבְּקֶֽנָּה׃‬

Extol it,

And it will exalt you;

It will honour you

If you embrace it.

Prov 4:9 ‫תִּתֵּ֣ן לְ֭רֹאשְׁךָ לִוְיַת־חֵ֑ן עֲטֶ֖רֶת תִּפְאֶ֣רֶת תְּמַגְּנֶֽךָּ׃‬

It will give a garland of grace to your head;

It will endow you with a crown of glory.”

Prov 4:10 ‫שְׁמַ֣ע בְּ֭נִי וְקַ֣ח אֲמָרָ֑י וְיִרְבּ֥וּ לְ֝ךָ֗ שְׁנ֣וֹת חַיִּֽים׃‬

Hear, my son, and receive my sayings,

And your years of life will be many.

Prov 4:11 ‫בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ חָ֭כְמָה הֹרֵתִ֑יךָ הִ֝דְרַכְתִּ֗יךָ בְּמַעְגְּלֵי־יֹֽשֶׁר׃‬

I have instructed you in the way of wisdom;

I have guided you onto straight paths.

straight paths ← paths of straightness, a Hebraic genitive. As opposed to crooked paths.
Prov 4:12 ‫בְּֽ֭לֶכְתְּךָ לֹא־יֵצַ֣ר צַעֲדֶ֑ךָ וְאִם־תָּ֝ר֗וּץ לֹ֣א תִכָּשֵֽׁל׃‬

As you walk,

Your step will not be in a strait,

And if you run,

You will not stumble.

Prov 4:13 ‫הַחֲזֵ֣ק בַּמּוּסָ֣ר אַל־תֶּ֑רֶף נִ֝צְּרֶ֗הָ כִּי־הִ֥יא חַיֶּֽיךָ׃‬

Take hold of correction;

Do not let go of it.

Guard it,

For it is your life.

Prov 4:14 ‫בְּאֹ֣רַח רְ֭שָׁעִים אַל־תָּבֹ֑א וְאַל־תְּ֝אַשֵּׁ֗ר בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ רָעִֽים׃‬

Do not go onto the path of the wicked,

And do not proceed on the way of the evil.

Prov 4:15 ‫פְּרָעֵ֥הוּ אַל־תַּעֲבָר־בּ֑וֹ שְׂטֵ֖ה מֵעָלָ֣יו וַעֲבֽוֹר׃‬

Avoid it,

Do not cross over to it;

Turn aside from it,

And pass by.

avoid it: i.e. avoid that path.

from ← from on.
Prov 4:16 ‫כִּ֤י לֹ֣א יִֽ֭שְׁנוּ אִם־לֹ֣א יָרֵ֑עוּ וְֽנִגְזְלָ֥ה שְׁ֝נָתָ֗ם אִם־לֹ֥א *יכשולו **יַכְשִֽׁילוּ׃‬

For they cannot sleep

Unless they act wickedly.

And their sleep eludes them

Unless they {Q: cause others to stumble} [K: stumble].

The ketiv / qeré issue is a vav / yod issue.

eludes themis taken away.
Prov 4:17 ‫כִּ֣י לָ֭חֲמוּ לֶ֣חֶם רֶ֑שַׁע וְיֵ֖ין חֲמָסִ֣ים יִשְׁתּֽוּ׃‬

For they eat bread of wickedness

And drink wine of violence.

Prov 4:18 ‫וְאֹ֣רַח צַ֭דִּיקִים כְּא֣וֹר נֹ֑גַהּ הוֹלֵ֥ךְ וָ֝א֗וֹר עַד־נְכ֥וֹן הַיּֽוֹם׃‬

But the way of the righteous is like a shining light;

It shines more and more

Until reaching its zenith.

but: adversative use of the vav.

a shining light ← a light of brightness, a Hebraic genitive.

its zenith ← the established day. [AnLx]= full noon.
Prov 4:19 ‫דֶּ֣רֶךְ רְ֭שָׁעִים כָּֽאֲפֵלָ֑ה לֹ֥א יָ֝דְע֗וּ בַּמֶּ֥ה יִכָּשֵֽׁלוּ׃ פ‬

The way of the wicked is like thick darkness;

They don't know what they are stumbling on.

Prov 4:20 ‫בְּ֭נִי לִדְבָרַ֣י הַקְשִׁ֑יבָה לַ֝אֲמָרַ֗י הַט־אָזְנֶֽךָ׃‬

My son, pay attention to my words;

Incline your ear to my sayings.

Prov 4:21 ‫אַל־יַלִּ֥יזוּ מֵעֵינֶ֑יךָ שָׁ֝מְרֵ֗ם בְּת֣וֹךְ לְבָבֶֽךָ׃‬

Do not let them go out of your sight;

Keep them inside your heart.

Prov 4:22 ‫כִּֽי־חַיִּ֣ים הֵ֭ם לְמֹצְאֵיהֶ֑ם וּֽלְכָל־בְּשָׂר֥וֹ מַרְפֵּֽא׃‬

For they are life to those who find them

And healing to all one's flesh.

Prov 4:23 ‫מִֽכָּל־מִ֭שְׁמָר נְצֹ֣ר לִבֶּ֑ךָ כִּֽי־מִ֝מֶּ֗נּוּ תּוֹצְא֥וֹת חַיִּֽים׃‬

Guard your heart most rigorously,

For from it are the ways out to life.

guard ... most rigorously ← guard ... with all keeping.

ways out to life ← ways out of life. Wider use of the construct state.
Prov 4:24 ‫הָסֵ֣ר מִ֭מְּךָ עִקְּשׁ֣וּת פֶּ֑ה וּלְז֥וּת שְׂ֝פָתַ֗יִם הַרְחֵ֥ק מִמֶּֽךָּ׃‬

Rid yourself of perverse speech,

And distance yourself from wayward talk.

rid yourself of perverse speech ← remove from you perverseness of mouth.

distance yourself from wayward talk ← distance waywardness of lips from yourself.
Prov 4:25 ‫עֵ֭ינֶיךָ לְנֹ֣כַח יַבִּ֑יטוּ וְ֝עַפְעַפֶּ֗יךָ יַיְשִׁ֥רוּ נֶגְדֶּֽךָ׃‬

Let your eyes look straight on,

And let your eyelids point straight in front of you.

Prov 4:26 ‫פַּ֭לֵּס מַעְגַּ֣ל רַגְלֶ֑ךָ וְֽכָל־דְּרָכֶ֥יךָ יִכֹּֽנוּ׃‬

Weigh up the path of your feet,

And let all your ways be steadfast.

weigh up: or make level, but see Prov 5:6 (considering).

feet ← foot.
Prov 4:27 ‫אַֽל־תֵּט־יָמִ֥ין וּשְׂמֹ֑אול הָסֵ֖ר רַגְלְךָ֣ מֵרָֽע׃‬

Do not deviate to the right or left;

Move your feet away from evil.

feet ← foot.
Prov 5:1 ‫בְּ֭נִי לְחָכְמָתִ֣י הַקְשִׁ֑יבָה לִ֝תְבוּנָתִ֗י הַט־אָזְנֶֽךָ׃‬

My son, pay attention to my wisdom;

Incline your ear to my understanding,

Prov 5:2 ‫לִשְׁמֹ֥ר מְזִמּ֑וֹת וְ֝דַ֗עַת שְׂפָתֶ֥יךָ יִנְצֹֽרוּ׃‬

In observing thoughtfulness,

So that your lips are in keeping with knowledge.

in observing: gerundial use of the infinitive.

so that: wider use of the vav.

are in keeping with ← keep.
Prov 5:3 ‫כִּ֤י נֹ֣פֶת תִּ֭טֹּפְנָה שִׂפְתֵ֣י זָרָ֑ה וְחָלָ֖ק מִשֶּׁ֣מֶן חִכָּֽהּ׃‬

For the lips of a stranger-woman will drip honey,

And the savour of her is smoother than oil.

drip: in a Hebrew “OVS” (object-verb-subject) sentence.

the savour of her ← her palate, an objective genitive ↴
Prov 5:4 ‫וְֽ֭אַחֲרִיתָהּ מָרָ֣ה כַֽלַּעֲנָ֑ה חַ֝דָּ֗ה כְּחֶ֣רֶב פִּיּֽוֹת׃‬

But her end is as bitter as wormwood

And as sharp as a two-edged sword.

↳ (the son savours her). AV differs (her mouth is ...), also possible.
Prov 5:5 ‫רַ֭גְלֶיהָ יֹרְד֣וֹת מָ֑וֶת שְׁ֝א֗וֹל צְעָדֶ֥יהָ יִתְמֹֽכוּ׃‬

Her feet descend to death;

Her steps conduct her to the grave.

conduct her tolay hold of (the path to).
Prov 5:6 ‫אֹ֣רַח חַ֭יִּים פֶּן־תְּפַלֵּ֑ס נָע֥וּ מַ֝עְגְּלֹתֶ֗יהָ לֹ֣א תֵדָֽע׃ פ‬

Beware of even considering her way of life;

Her ways are changeable in a way you cannot predict.

beware of ← lest you.

predict ← know.
Prov 5:7 ‫וְעַתָּ֣ה בָ֭נִים שִׁמְעוּ־לִ֑י וְאַל־תָּ֝ס֗וּרוּ מֵאִמְרֵי־פִֽי׃‬

So now, my sons, hear me,

And do not depart from the sayings I have uttered.

I have uttered ← of my mouth.
Prov 5:8 ‫הַרְחֵ֣ק מֵעָלֶ֣יהָ דַרְכֶּ֑ךָ וְאַל־תִּ֝קְרַ֗ב אֶל־פֶּ֥תַח בֵּיתָֽהּ׃‬

Keep your ways well clear of her,

And do not approach the door of her house

ways ← way.

well clear of ← distant from.
Prov 5:9 ‫פֶּן־תִּתֵּ֣ן לַאֲחֵרִ֣ים הוֹדֶ֑ךָ וּ֝שְׁנֹתֶ֗יךָ לְאַכְזָרִֽי׃‬

In case you give your high standing to others

And your years to the cruel one

high standing ← majesty.
Prov 5:10 ‫פֶּֽן־יִשְׂבְּע֣וּ זָרִ֣ים כֹּחֶ֑ךָ וַ֝עֲצָבֶ֗יךָ בְּבֵ֣ית נָכְרִֽי׃‬

– In case strangers satiate themselves with your wealth,

And your hard work goes to a foreigner's house,

satiate themselvesbecome satiated.

wealth ← strength, power.
Prov 5:11 ‫וְנָהַמְתָּ֥ בְאַחֲרִיתֶ֑ךָ בִּכְל֥וֹת בְּ֝שָׂרְךָ֗ וּשְׁאֵרֶֽךָ׃‬

And in your last days you groan,

As your flesh and your body are consumed,

Prov 5:12 ‫וְֽאָמַרְתָּ֗ אֵ֭יךְ שָׂנֵ֣אתִי מוּסָ֑ר וְ֝תוֹכַ֗חַת נָאַ֥ץ לִבִּֽי׃‬

And you say,

“How I have hated correction,

And how my heart has despised reproof.

Prov 5:13 ‫וְֽלֹא־שָׁ֭מַעְתִּי בְּק֣וֹל מוֹרָ֑י וְ֝לִֽמְלַמְּדַ֗י לֹא־הִטִּ֥יתִי אָזְנִֽי׃‬

And I have not heeded the appeal of my teachers,

And I have not inclined my ear to my instructors.

appeal ← voice, sound.
Prov 5:14 ‫כִּ֭מְעַט הָיִ֣יתִי בְכָל־רָ֑ע בְּת֖וֹךְ קָהָ֣ל וְעֵדָֽה׃‬

I soon came into all kinds of trouble

In the midst of the convocation and the congregation.”

soon: AV differs (almost), an alternative which seems less likely in this context.
Prov 5:15 ‫שְׁתֵה־מַ֥יִם מִבּוֹרֶ֑ךָ וְ֝נֹזְלִ֗ים מִתּ֥וֹךְ בְּאֵרֶֽךָ׃‬

Drink water from your own cistern,

And liquid from your own well.

Prov 5:16 ‫יָפ֣וּצוּ מַעְיְנֹתֶ֣יךָ ח֑וּצָה בָּ֝רְחֹב֗וֹת פַּלְגֵי־מָֽיִם׃‬

Your water-sources could spread outside

– Streams of water in the open areas –

could spread outside: AV differs (let ... be dispersed abroad).
Prov 5:17 ‫יִֽהְיוּ־לְךָ֥ לְבַדֶּ֑ךָ וְאֵ֖ין לְזָרִ֣ים אִתָּֽךְ׃‬

But let them be for you alone,

And not for the strangers who are with you.

Prov 5:18 ‫יְהִֽי־מְקוֹרְךָ֥ בָר֑וּךְ וּ֝שְׂמַ֗ח מֵאֵ֥שֶׁת נְעוּרֶֽךָ׃‬

May your water-source be blessed,

And rejoice in the wife of your youth

water-source: figurative for wife [CB], [BDB].
Prov 5:19 ‫אַיֶּ֥לֶת אֲהָבִ֗ים וְֽיַעֲלַ֫ת־חֵ֥ן דַּ֭דֶּיהָ יְרַוֻּ֣ךָ בְכָל־עֵ֑ת בְּ֝אַהֲבָתָ֗הּ תִּשְׁגֶּ֥ה תָמִֽיד׃‬

– The lovable hind

Or the graceful wild she-goat,

Whose breasts will delight you at all times,

In whose love you will always indulge yourself.

lovable hind ... graceful wild she-goat ← hind of loveliness ... wild she-goat of grace, Hebraic genitives.

delight ← satiate.

indulge yourself ← wander. [BDB]= swerve; be intoxicated.
Prov 5:20 ‫וְלָ֤מָּה תִשְׁגֶּ֣ה בְנִ֣י בְזָרָ֑ה וּ֝תְחַבֵּ֗ק חֵ֣ק נָכְרִיָּֽה׃‬

So why, my son, should you indulge yourself in a stranger-woman

And embrace a foreign lady's bosom?

indulge yourself: see Prov 5:19.
Prov 5:21 ‫כִּ֤י נֹ֨כַח ׀ עֵינֵ֣י יְ֭הוָה דַּרְכֵי־אִ֑ישׁ וְֽכָל־מַעְגְּלֹתָ֥יו מְפַלֵּֽס׃‬

For the ways of a man are before the eyes of the Lord,

And he weighs up all of a man's paths.

Prov 5:22 ‫עַֽווֹנוֹתָ֗יו יִלְכְּדֻנ֥וֹ אֶת־הָרָשָׁ֑ע וּבְחַבְלֵ֥י חַ֝טָּאת֗וֹ יִתָּמֵֽךְ׃‬

The iniquities of the wicked man will catch him,

And he will be caught up in the strands of his sin.

the iniquities of the wicked man will catch him ← his iniquities will catch him, the wicked (man).
Prov 5:23 ‫ה֗וּא יָ֭מוּת בְּאֵ֣ין מוּסָ֑ר וּבְרֹ֖ב אִוַּלְתּ֣וֹ יִשְׁגֶּֽה׃ פ‬

He will die not having accepted instruction,

And he will go astray in the great extent of his foolishness.

Prov 6:1 ‫בְּ֭נִי אִם־עָרַ֣בְתָּ לְרֵעֶ֑ךָ תָּקַ֖עְתָּ לַזָּ֣ר כַּפֶּֽיךָ׃‬

My son, if you provide security for your neighbour,

If you strike a deal with a stranger,

strike a dealstrike your hand, i.e., in western culture, shake hands (on a deal).
Prov 6:2 ‫נוֹקַ֥שְׁתָּ בְאִמְרֵי־פִ֑יךָ נִ֝לְכַּ֗דְתָּ בְּאִמְרֵי־פִֽיךָ׃‬

If you are ensnared with the sayings you utter,

If by the sayings you utter you are caught,

you utter (2x)of your mouth.
Prov 6:3 ‫עֲשֵׂ֨ה זֹ֥את אֵפ֪וֹא ׀ בְּנִ֡י וְֽהִנָּצֵ֗ל כִּ֘י בָ֤אתָ בְכַף־רֵעֶ֑ךָ לֵ֥ךְ הִ֝תְרַפֵּ֗ס וּרְהַ֥ב רֵעֶֽיךָ׃‬

Then do this, my son, to extricate yourself:

When you have come into your neighbour's grip,

Go and humble yourself,

And act firmly with your neighbour.

grip ← palm.
Prov 6:4 ‫אַל־תִּתֵּ֣ן שֵׁנָ֣ה לְעֵינֶ֑יךָ וּ֝תְנוּמָ֗ה לְעַפְעַפֶּֽיךָ׃‬

Do not allow your eyes to sleep,

Or your eyelids to slumber.

allow your eyes to sleep ← give sleep to your eyes.
Prov 6:5 ‫הִ֭נָּצֵל כִּצְבִ֣י מִיָּ֑ד וּ֝כְצִפּ֗וֹר מִיַּ֥ד יָקֽוּשׁ׃ פ‬

Free yourself like a gazelle from the grip of the predator,

And like a bird from the hand of the fowler.

grip ← hand.
Prov 6:6 ‫לֵֽךְ־אֶל־נְמָלָ֥ה עָצֵ֑ל רְאֵ֖ה דְרָכֶ֣יהָ וַחֲכָֽם׃‬

Go to the ant,

You who are lazy;

Observe its ways,

And become wise.

Prov 6:7 ‫אֲשֶׁ֖ר אֵֽין־לָ֥הּ קָצִ֗ין שֹׁטֵ֥ר וּמֹשֵֽׁל׃‬

It does not have a superintendent,

Or overseer, or ruler,

Prov 6:8 ‫תָּכִ֣ין בַּקַּ֣יִץ לַחְמָ֑הּ אָגְרָ֥ה בַ֝קָּצִ֗יר מַאֲכָלָֽהּ׃‬

As it stocks up its food in the summer

And stores its provisions in the harvest season.

stocks up ← sets up; prepares.

food ← bread, standing for food in general. See 1 Sam 28:22-24.
Prov 6:9 ‫עַד־מָתַ֖י עָצֵ֥ל ׀ תִּשְׁכָּ֑ב מָ֝תַ֗י תָּק֥וּם מִשְּׁנָתֶֽךָ׃‬

How long, you who are lazy,

Will you lie down?

When will you get up from your sleep?

Prov 6:10 ‫מְעַ֣ט שֵׁ֭נוֹת מְעַ֣ט תְּנוּמ֑וֹת מְעַ֓ט ׀ חִבֻּ֖ק יָדַ֣יִם לִשְׁכָּֽב׃‬

After a little sleep,

A little slumber,

A little folding the arms

To lie down,

Prov 6:11 ‫וּבָֽא־כִמְהַלֵּ֥ךְ רֵאשֶׁ֑ךָ וּ֝מַחְסֹֽרְךָ֗ כְּאִ֣ישׁ מָגֵֽן׃ פ‬

Poverty comes on you like a vagrant,

And shortage like a man with a shield.

poverty comes on you ← your poverty comes.
Prov 6:12 ‫אָדָ֣ם בְּ֭לִיַּעַל אִ֣ישׁ אָ֑וֶן ה֝וֹלֵ֗ךְ עִקְּשׁ֥וּת פֶּֽה׃‬

An iniquitous person is a worthless man;

He walks with perverse speech.

We take this verse as starting with the predicate, not the subject. Compare Prov 6:23. AV differs.

perverse speech ← perversity of mouth.
Prov 6:13 ‫קֹרֵ֣ץ בְּ֭עֵינָו מֹלֵ֣ל בְּרַגְלָ֑ו מֹ֝רֶ֗ה בְּאֶצְבְּעֹתָֽיו׃‬

He winks with his eyes,

He speaks with his feet;

He points with his fingers.

Prov 6:14 ‫תַּֽהְפֻּכ֨וֹת ׀ בְּלִבּ֗וֹ חֹרֵ֣שׁ רָ֣ע בְּכָל־עֵ֑ת *מדנים **מִדְיָנִ֥ים יְשַׁלֵּֽחַ׃‬

Subversive things are in his heart;

He devises evil all the time.

He sows discord,

discord ← discords. The ketiv and qeré are similar words with the same meaning. The ketiv is used in Prov 6:19.

sows ← sends.
Prov 6:15 ‫עַל־כֵּ֗ן פִּ֭תְאֹם יָב֣וֹא אֵיד֑וֹ פֶּ֥תַע יִ֝שָּׁבֵ֗ר וְאֵ֣ין מַרְפֵּֽא׃ פ‬

Which is why his downfall will suddenly come;

Suddenly he will be broken without remedy.

Prov 6:16 ‫שֶׁשׁ־הֵ֭נָּה שָׂנֵ֣א יְהוָ֑ה וְ֝שֶׁ֗בַע *תועבות **תּוֹעֲבַ֥ת נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃‬

The Lord hates these six things,

And seven are {Q: an abomination} [K: abominations] to his being:

hates: in a Hebrew “OVS” (object-verb-subject) sentence.

being ← soul.
Prov 6:17 ‫עֵינַ֣יִם רָ֭מוֹת לְשׁ֣וֹן שָׁ֑קֶר וְ֝יָדַ֗יִם שֹׁפְכ֥וֹת דָּם־נָקִֽי׃‬

Haughty eyes, a lying tongue,

And hands which shed innocent blood;

Prov 6:18 ‫לֵ֗ב חֹ֭רֵשׁ מַחְשְׁב֣וֹת אָ֑וֶן רַגְלַ֥יִם מְ֝מַהֲר֗וֹת לָר֥וּץ לָֽרָעָה׃‬

A heart which devises vain thoughts,

Feet which are quick to run to wrongdoing,

Prov 6:19 ‫יָפִ֣יחַ כְּ֭זָבִים עֵ֣ד שָׁ֑קֶר וּמְשַׁלֵּ֥חַ מְ֝דָנִ֗ים בֵּ֣ין אַחִֽים׃ פ‬

A false witness who belches out lies,

And he who sows discord among brothers.

belches out ← puffs out.
Prov 6:20 ‫נְצֹ֣ר בְּ֭נִי מִצְוַ֣ת אָבִ֑יךָ וְאַל־תִּ֝טֹּ֗שׁ תּוֹרַ֥ת אִמֶּֽךָ׃‬

My son, keep your father's commandment,

And do not forsake your mother's instruction.

instruction ← law.
Prov 6:21 ‫קָשְׁרֵ֣ם עַל־לִבְּךָ֣ תָמִ֑יד עָ֝נְדֵ֗ם עַל־גַּרְגְּרֹתֶֽךָ׃‬

Bind them onto your heart at all times;

Tie them round your neck.

round your neck ← at your neck.
Prov 6:22 ‫בְּהִתְהַלֶּכְךָ֨ ׀ תַּנְחֶ֬ה אֹתָ֗ךְ בְּֽ֭שָׁכְבְּךָ תִּשְׁמֹ֣ר עָלֶ֑יךָ וַ֝הֲקִיצ֗וֹתָ הִ֣יא תְשִׂיחֶֽךָ׃‬

As you walk around,

Let it lead you;

When you lie down,

It will guard you.

When you awaken,

It will commune with you.

Prov 6:23 ‫כִּ֤י נֵ֣ר מִ֭צְוָה וְת֣וֹרָה א֑וֹר וְדֶ֥רֶךְ חַ֝יִּ֗ים תּוֹכְח֥וֹת מוּסָֽר׃‬

For the commandment is a lamp,

And the law is light,

And the reproofs in correction are the way of life,

The first and third clauses in this verse are of the predicate-subject word order type.
Prov 6:24 ‫לִ֭שְׁמָרְךָ מֵאֵ֣שֶׁת רָ֑ע מֵֽ֝חֶלְקַ֗ת לָשׁ֥וֹן נָכְרִיָּֽה׃‬

In keeping you from an evil woman

– From the flattery of an exotic tongue.

in keeping: gerundial use of the infinitive.

an evil woman ← a woman of evil, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 6:25 ‫אַל־תַּחְמֹ֣ד יָ֭פְיָהּ בִּלְבָבֶ֑ךָ וְאַל־תִּ֝קָּֽחֲךָ֗ בְּעַפְעַפֶּֽיהָ׃‬

Do not desire her beauty in your heart,

And do not let her captivate you with her eyelids,

Prov 6:26 ‫כִּ֤י בְעַד־אִשָּׁ֥ה זוֹנָ֗ה עַֽד־כִּכַּ֫ר לָ֥חֶם וְאֵ֥שֶׁת אִ֑ישׁ נֶ֖פֶשׁ יְקָרָ֣ה תָצֽוּד׃ פ‬

Because going after a prostitute

Will lead to forfeiture of everything up to a loaf of bread,

And another man's wife will hunt one's precious life.

life ← soul.
Prov 6:27 ‫הֲיַחְתֶּ֤ה אִ֓ישׁ אֵ֬שׁ בְּחֵיק֑וֹ וּ֝בְגָדָ֗יו לֹ֣א תִשָּׂרַֽפְנָה׃‬

Can a man gather up fire in his bosom

Without his clothes being burnt?

Prov 6:28 ‫אִם־יְהַלֵּ֣ךְ אִ֭ישׁ עַל־הַגֶּחָלִ֑ים וְ֝רַגְלָ֗יו לֹ֣א תִכָּוֶֽינָה׃‬

Can a man walk on burning coals

And his feet not be seared?

Prov 6:29 ‫כֵּ֗ן הַ֭בָּא אֶל־אֵ֣שֶׁת רֵעֵ֑הוּ לֹ֥א יִ֝נָּקֶ֗ה כָּֽל־הַנֹּגֵ֥עַ בָּֽהּ׃‬

Such is he who goes to his neighbour's wife;

No-one who touches her will be held guiltless.

no-one ← all ... will not.

touches: or meddles with.
Prov 6:30 ‫לֹא־יָב֣וּזוּ לַ֭גַּנָּב כִּ֣י יִגְנ֑וֹב לְמַלֵּ֥א נַ֝פְשׁ֗וֹ כִּ֣י יִרְעָֽב׃‬

A thief may not be despised if he steals

To fill himself when he is hungry,

a thief may not be despised ← they may not despise a thief. Avoidance of the passive.

himself ← his soul.
Prov 6:31 ‫וְ֭נִמְצָא יְשַׁלֵּ֣ם שִׁבְעָתָ֑יִם אֶת־כָּל־ה֖וֹן בֵּית֣וֹ יִתֵּֽן׃‬

But if he is caught,

He shall repay seven times over

– He may have to give all the assets of his household.

caught ← found.
Prov 6:32 ‫נֹאֵ֣ף אִשָּׁ֣ה חֲסַר־לֵ֑ב מַֽשְׁחִ֥ית נַ֝פְשׁ֗וֹ ה֣וּא יַעֲשֶֽׂנָּה׃‬

He who commits adultery with a woman is weak-minded;

He who does it ruins himself.

weak-minded ← lacking heart.

himself ← his soul.
Prov 6:33 ‫נֶֽגַע־וְקָל֥וֹן יִמְצָ֑א וְ֝חֶרְפָּת֗וֹ לֹ֣א תִמָּחֶֽה׃‬

He will encounter adversity and shame,

And his reproach will not be wiped out,

his reproach: an objective genitive (they reproach him).
Prov 6:34 ‫כִּֽי־קִנְאָ֥ה חֲמַת־גָּ֑בֶר וְלֹֽא־יַ֝חְמ֗וֹל בְּי֣וֹם נָקָֽם׃‬

For a man's fury derives from jealousy,

And he will not show pity on the day of vengeance.

Prov 6:35 ‫לֹא־יִ֭שָּׂא פְּנֵ֣י כָל־כֹּ֑פֶר וְלֹֽא־יֹ֝אבֶ֗ה כִּ֣י תַרְבֶּה־שֹֽׁחַד׃ פ‬

He will not accept any payment of damages;

He will not become amenable

Even if you make the gift large.

accept ← lift, take.

any ← all.

damages ← a ransom.

become amenable ← be willing.
Prov 7:1 ‫בְּ֭נִי שְׁמֹ֣ר אֲמָרָ֑י וּ֝מִצְוֺתַ֗י תִּצְפֹּ֥ן אִתָּֽךְ׃‬

My son, keep my sayings,

And treasure up my commandments with you.

Prov 7:2 ‫שְׁמֹ֣ר מִצְוֺתַ֣י וֶחְיֵ֑ה וְ֝תוֹרָתִ֗י כְּאִישׁ֥וֹן עֵינֶֽיךָ׃‬

Keep my commandments and live,

And my instruction like the apple of your eye.

instruction ← law.

apple of your eye ← pupil of your eyes.
Prov 7:3 ‫קָשְׁרֵ֥ם עַל־אֶצְבְּעֹתֶ֑יךָ כָּ֝תְבֵ֗ם עַל־ל֥וּחַ לִבֶּֽךָ׃‬

Bind them to your fingers;

Write them on the tablet of your heart.

Prov 7:4 ‫אֱמֹ֣ר לַֽ֭חָכְמָה אֲחֹ֣תִי אָ֑תְּ וּ֝מֹדָ֗ע לַבִּינָ֥ה תִקְרָֽא׃‬

Say to wisdom,

“You are my sister”,

And call understanding your acquaintance,

Prov 7:5 ‫לִ֭שְׁמָרְךָ מֵאִשָּׁ֣ה זָרָ֑ה מִ֝נָּכְרִיָּ֗ה אֲמָרֶ֥יהָ הֶחֱלִֽיקָה׃‬

To guard you from a stranger-woman

– From a foreign lady who flatters with her talk.

talk ← sayings.
Prov 7:6 ‫כִּ֭י בְּחַלּ֣וֹן בֵּיתִ֑י בְּעַ֖ד אֶשְׁנַבִּ֣י נִשְׁקָֽפְתִּי׃‬

For at the window of my house,

Through the lattice window, I peered out,

Prov 7:7 ‫וָאֵ֤רֶא בַפְּתָאיִ֗ם אָ֘בִ֤ינָה בַבָּנִ֗ים נַ֣עַר חֲסַר־לֵֽב׃‬

And I looked among the gullible,

And I discerned among the sons a weak-minded young man,

weak-minded ← lacking heart.
Prov 7:8 ‫עֹבֵ֣ר בַּ֭שּׁוּק אֵ֣צֶל פִּנָּ֑הּ וְדֶ֖רֶךְ בֵּיתָ֣הּ יִצְעָֽד׃‬

Crossing the street at her corner,

And striding down the way to her house.

Prov 7:9 ‫בְּנֶֽשֶׁף־בְּעֶ֥רֶב י֑וֹם בְּאִישׁ֥וֹן לַ֝֗יְלָה וַאֲפֵלָֽה׃‬

In the darkness at the end of the day,

In the dead of night and thick darkness,

darkness (first occurrence in verse): AV differs (twilight). See [CB] at 1 Sam 30:17.

end of the day ← evening of the day.
Prov 7:10 ‫וְהִנֵּ֣ה אִ֭שָּׁה לִקְרָאת֑וֹ שִׁ֥ית ז֝וֹנָ֗ה וּנְצֻ֥רַת לֵֽב׃‬

There was a woman meeting him,

In a prostitute's attire,

Whose intention was well guarded.

there wasbehold.

intention ← heart.
Prov 7:11 ‫הֹמִיָּ֣ה הִ֣יא וְסֹרָ֑רֶת בְּ֝בֵיתָ֗הּ לֹא־יִשְׁכְּנ֥וּ רַגְלֶֽיהָ׃‬

She is restive and unruly;

Her feet do not stay in her house.

Prov 7:12 ‫פַּ֤עַם ׀ בַּח֗וּץ פַּ֥עַם בָּרְחֹב֑וֹת וְאֵ֖צֶל כָּל־פִּנָּ֣ה תֶאֱרֹֽב׃‬

One moment she is out in the open;

Another moment she is on the streets,

And she lurks at every corner.

lurks ← ambushes.
Prov 7:13 ‫וְהֶחֱזִ֣יקָה בּ֭וֹ וְנָ֣שְׁקָה־לּ֑וֹ הֵעֵ֥זָה פָ֝נֶ֗יהָ וַתֹּ֣אמַר לֽוֹ׃‬

And she took hold of him and kissed him;

With brazen face, she said to him,

with brazen face ← she emboldened her face and.
Prov 7:14 ‫זִבְחֵ֣י שְׁלָמִ֣ים עָלָ֑י הַ֝יּ֗וֹם שִׁלַּ֥מְתִּי נְדָרָֽי׃‬

“I have got peace-sacrifices with me;

Today I fulfilled my vows,

fulfilled ← paid.
Prov 7:15 ‫עַל־כֵּ֭ן יָצָ֣אתִי לִקְרָאתֶ֑ךָ לְשַׁחֵ֥ר פָּ֝נֶ֗יךָ וָאֶמְצָאֶֽךָּ׃‬

Which is why I have come out to meet you,

To seek your company diligently,

And I have found you.

company ← face.

diligently ← early. See Prov 1:28.
Prov 7:16 ‫מַ֭רְבַדִּים רָבַ֣דְתִּי עַרְשִׂ֑י חֲ֝טֻב֗וֹת אֵט֥וּן מִצְרָֽיִם׃‬

I have made up my bed with drapery

And with carvings and linen from Egypt.

Prov 7:17 ‫נַ֥פְתִּי מִשְׁכָּבִ֑י מֹ֥ר אֲ֝הָלִ֗ים וְקִנָּמֽוֹן׃‬

I have sprinkled myrrh on my bed,

And aloes aroma and cinnamon.

Prov 7:18 ‫לְכָ֤ה נִרְוֶ֣ה דֹ֭דִים עַד־הַבֹּ֑קֶר נִ֝תְעַלְּסָ֗ה בָּאֳהָבִֽים׃‬

Come let us luxuriate in passion until the morning.

Let us revel in love,

luxuriate ← be soaked.

passion ← loves.
Prov 7:19 ‫כִּ֤י אֵ֣ין הָאִ֣ישׁ בְּבֵית֑וֹ הָ֝לַ֗ךְ בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ מֵרָחֽוֹק׃‬

Because my husband is not at home;

He has gone on a distant journey.

at home ← in his house.

journey ← way.
Prov 7:20 ‫צְֽרוֹר־הַ֭כֶּסֶף לָקַ֣ח בְּיָד֑וֹ לְי֥וֹם הַ֝כֵּ֗סֶא יָבֹ֥א בֵיתֽוֹ׃‬

He has taken a bag of money in his hand;

On the day of the new moon he will come back home.”

new moon: as [AnLx]. [BDB]= full moon; also [Ges-HCL] with reservations. [ST] offers both.

home ← (to) his house.
Prov 7:21 ‫הִ֭טַּתּוּ בְּרֹ֣ב לִקְחָ֑הּ בְּחֵ֥לֶק שְׂ֝פָתֶ֗יהָ תַּדִּיחֶֽנּוּ׃‬

She seduces him with the abundance of her captivating talk;

With her flattering lips she entices him.

seduces ← makes incline.

with her flattering lips ← with flattery of her lips.
Prov 7:22 ‫ה֤וֹלֵ֥ךְ אַחֲרֶ֗יהָ פִּ֫תְאֹ֥ם כְּ֭שׁוֹר אֶל־טָ֣בַח יָב֑וֹא וּ֝כְעֶ֗כֶס אֶל־מוּסַ֥ר אֱוִֽיל׃‬

Suddenly he goes after her,

As an ox goes to slaughter,

And as a miscreant goes to fetters for correction,

as a miscreant goes to fetters for correction ← and as fetters for correction of a miscreant.
Prov 7:23 ‫עַ֤ד יְפַלַּ֪ח חֵ֡ץ כְּֽבֵד֗וֹ כְּמַהֵ֣ר צִפּ֣וֹר אֶל־פָּ֑ח וְלֹֽא־יָ֝דַ֗ע כִּֽי־בְנַפְשׁ֥וֹ הֽוּא׃ פ‬

When an arrow cuts his liver in pieces,

Like a bird hastening towards a snare,

Not knowing that it is for its life.

when ← until.

life ← soul.
Prov 7:24 ‫וְעַתָּ֣ה בָ֭נִים שִׁמְעוּ־לִ֑י וְ֝הַקְשִׁ֗יבוּ לְאִמְרֵי־פִֽי׃‬

So now, sons, hear me;

Pay attention to the sayings I utter.

I utter ← of my mouth.
Prov 7:25 ‫אַל־יֵ֣שְׂטְ אֶל־דְּרָכֶ֣יהָ לִבֶּ֑ךָ אַל־תֵּ֝תַע בִּנְתִיבוֹתֶֽיהָ׃‬

Do not let your heart turn aside to her ways;

Do not stray onto her paths,

Prov 7:26 ‫כִּֽי־רַבִּ֣ים חֲלָלִ֣ים הִפִּ֑ילָה וַ֝עֲצֻמִ֗ים כָּל־הֲרֻגֶֽיהָ׃‬

For she has caused many to fall as casualties,

And there are mighty men among all her slain.

Prov 7:27 ‫דַּרְכֵ֣י שְׁא֣וֹל בֵּיתָ֑הּ יֹ֝רְד֗וֹת אֶל־חַדְרֵי־מָֽוֶת׃ פ‬

Her home lodges the ways of the grave,

Which go down to chambers of death.

Prov 8:1 ‫הֲלֹֽא־חָכְמָ֥ה תִקְרָ֑א וּ֝תְבוּנָ֗ה תִּתֵּ֥ן קוֹלָֽהּ׃‬

Does not wisdom call out?

And does not understanding raise its voice?

raise ← give; put.
Prov 8:2 ‫בְּרֹאשׁ־מְרוֹמִ֥ים עֲלֵי־דָ֑רֶךְ בֵּ֖ית נְתִיב֣וֹת נִצָּֽבָה׃‬

On the most prominent position on the road,

At the crossroads, there it stands;

most prominent position ← peak of the heights.

crossroads ← house of paths.
Prov 8:3 ‫לְיַד־שְׁעָרִ֥ים לְפִי־קָ֑רֶת מְב֖וֹא פְתָחִ֣ים תָּרֹֽנָּה׃‬

At the side of the gates,

At the way into the city

At the entrance doors –

There it cries out.

way into ← mouth of.
Prov 8:4 ‫אֲלֵיכֶ֣ם אִישִׁ֣ים אֶקְרָ֑א וְ֝קוֹלִ֗י אֶל־בְּנֵ֥י אָדָֽם׃‬

You men, to you I call out,

And to you sons of Adam, I direct my voice.

Wisdom is personified for a section which we represent by direct speech. The feminine form can be seen in the participle מְשַׂחֶקֶת in Prov 8:31.
Prov 8:5 ‫הָבִ֣ינוּ פְתָאיִ֣ם עָרְמָ֑ה וּ֝כְסִילִ֗ים הָבִ֥ינוּ לֵֽב׃‬

You gullible ones, understand shrewdness,

And you fools, understand strength of character.

strength of character ← heart.
Prov 8:6 ‫שִׁ֭מְעוּ כִּֽי־נְגִידִ֣ים אֲדַבֵּ֑ר וּמִפְתַּ֥ח שְׂ֝פָתַ֗י מֵישָׁרִֽים׃‬

Hear, for I will speak of noble things,

While opening my lips with upright matters.

while opening ← and (at) the opening of.
Prov 8:7 ‫כִּֽי־אֱ֭מֶת יֶהְגֶּ֣ה חִכִּ֑י וְתוֹעֲבַ֖ת שְׂפָתַ֣י רֶֽשַׁע׃‬

For my palate savours the truth,

But wickedness is an abomination to my lips.

savours ← meditates on.

abomination to ← abomination of.
Prov 8:8 ‫בְּצֶ֥דֶק כָּל־אִמְרֵי־פִ֑י אֵ֥ין בָּ֝הֶ֗ם נִפְתָּ֥ל וְעִקֵּֽשׁ׃‬

All the sayings of my mouth are in righteousness;

There is nothing crooked or perverse in them.

or: disjunctive use of the vav.
Prov 8:9 ‫כֻּלָּ֣ם נְ֭כֹחִים לַמֵּבִ֑ין וִֽ֝ישָׁרִ֗ים לְמֹ֣צְאֵי דָֽעַת׃‬

They are all straightforward to him who understands,

And upright to those who find knowledge.

Prov 8:10 ‫קְחֽוּ־מוּסָרִ֥י וְאַל־כָּ֑סֶף וְ֝דַ֗עַת מֵחָר֥וּץ נִבְחָֽר׃‬

Accept my correction, and not silver,

And knowledge rather than choice gold.

Prov 8:11 ‫כִּֽי־טוֹבָ֣ה חָ֭כְמָה מִפְּנִינִ֑ים וְכָל־חֲ֝פָצִ֗ים לֹ֣א יִֽשְׁווּ־בָֽהּ׃‬

For wisdom is better than red corals,

And no material desires can be compared to it.

red corals: or pearls, but see Lam 4:7.

no ← not ... all.
Prov 8:12 ‫אֲ‍ֽנִי־חָ֭כְמָה שָׁכַ֣נְתִּי עָרְמָ֑ה וְדַ֖עַת מְזִמּ֣וֹת אֶמְצָֽא׃‬

I, wisdom, abide in shrewdness,

And I acquire the faculty of thoughtfulness.

acquire ← find.

faculty ← knowledge.
Prov 8:13 ‫יִֽרְאַ֣ת יְהוָה֮ שְֽׂנֹ֫את רָ֥ע גֵּ֘אָ֤ה וְגָא֨וֹן ׀ וְדֶ֣רֶךְ רָ֭ע וּפִ֨י תַהְפֻּכ֬וֹת שָׂנֵֽאתִי׃‬

The fear of the Lord is to hate evil,

Pride, and arrogance and an evil way.

And I hate a mouth speaking subversive things.

Prov 8:14 ‫לִֽי־עֵ֭צָה וְתוּשִׁיָּ֑ה אֲנִ֥י בִ֝ינָ֗ה לִ֣י גְבוּרָֽה׃‬

I have counsel and resourcefulness.

I am understanding.

I have valour.

Prov 8:15 ‫בִּ֭י מְלָכִ֣ים יִמְלֹ֑כוּ וְ֝רוֹזְנִ֗ים יְחֹ֣קְקוּ צֶֽדֶק׃‬

By me, kings reign,

And potentates legislate justice.

Prov 8:16 ‫בִּ֭י שָׂרִ֣ים יָשֹׂ֑רוּ וּ֝נְדִיבִ֗ים כָּל־שֹׁ֥פְטֵי צֶֽדֶק׃‬

By me princes rule, and leaders

– All those who administer justice.

administer justice ← judge righteousness. AV differs somewhat (judges of the earth).
Prov 8:17 ‫אֲ֭נִי *אהביה **אֹהֲבַ֣י אֵהָ֑ב וּ֝מְשַׁחֲרַ֗י יִמְצָאֻֽנְנִי׃‬

I love those who love {Q: me} [K: it].

And those who seek me diligently

Will find me.

diligently ← early. See Prov 1:28.
Prov 8:18 ‫עֹֽשֶׁר־וְכָב֥וֹד אִתִּ֑י ה֥וֹן עָ֝תֵ֗ק וּצְדָקָֽה׃‬

Riches and honour accompany me

– Resplendent wealth and righteousness.

accompany ← (are) with.
Prov 8:19 ‫ט֣וֹב פִּ֭רְיִי מֵחָר֣וּץ וּמִפָּ֑ז וּ֝תְבוּאָתִ֗י מִכֶּ֥סֶף נִבְחָֽר׃‬

My fruit is better than a gold nugget or a fine gold ingot,

And my produce is better than choice silver.

Prov 8:20 ‫בְּאֹֽרַח־צְדָקָ֥ה אֲהַלֵּ֑ך בְּ֝ת֗וֹךְ נְתִיב֥וֹת מִשְׁפָּֽט׃‬

I walk in the way of righteousness

– Within the paths of justice,

Prov 8:21 ‫לְהַנְחִ֖יל אֹהֲבַ֥י ׀ יֵ֑שׁ וְאֹצְרֹ֖תֵיהֶ֣ם אֲמַלֵּֽא׃ פ‬

By bestowing wealth on those who love me,

As I fill their treasuries.

by bestowing: gerundial use of the infinitive.

wealth ← existence; there is.
Prov 8:22 ‫יְֽהוָ֗ה קָ֭נָנִי רֵאשִׁ֣ית דַּרְכּ֑וֹ קֶ֖דֶם מִפְעָלָ֣יו מֵאָֽז׃‬

The Lord acquired me at the beginning of his way,

Before his works since then

Prov 8:23 ‫מֵ֭עוֹלָם נִסַּ֥כְתִּי מֵרֹ֗אשׁ מִקַּדְמֵי־אָֽרֶץ׃‬

Before the age came about.

I was appointed in advance,

Before the things preceding the earth.

before (2x): מֵ here is governed by קֶדֶם in the previous verse.
Prov 8:24 ‫בְּאֵין־תְּהֹמ֥וֹת חוֹלָ֑לְתִּי בְּאֵ֥ין מַ֝עְיָנ֗וֹת נִכְבַּדֵּי־מָֽיִם׃‬

When there were no deep waters,

I was brought forth

– When there were no sources well endowed with water.

well endowed ← renowned, glorious.
Prov 8:25 ‫בְּטֶ֣רֶם הָרִ֣ים הָטְבָּ֑עוּ לִפְנֵ֖י גְבָע֣וֹת חוֹלָֽלְתִּי׃‬

Before the mountains were settled in place,

Before the hills existed,

I was brought forth.

Prov 8:26 ‫עַד־לֹ֣א עָ֭שָׂה אֶ֣רֶץ וְחוּצ֑וֹת וְ֝רֹ֗אשׁ עָפְר֥וֹת תֵּבֵֽל׃‬

Before he had made the earth and the open spaces,

When the particles of the earth were the starting point,

before ← until not.

starting point ← head.
Prov 8:27 ‫בַּהֲכִינ֣וֹ שָׁ֭מַיִם שָׁ֣ם אָ֑נִי בְּח֥וּקוֹ ח֝֗וּג עַל־פְּנֵ֥י תְהֽוֹם׃‬

When he prepared the heavens,

I was there.

And when he determined a sphere over the surface of the deep,

Prov 8:28 ‫בְּאַמְּצ֣וֹ שְׁחָקִ֣ים מִמָּ֑עַל בַּ֝עֲז֗וֹז עִינ֥וֹת תְּהוֹם׃‬

When he made the skies above firm,

When he gave strength to the fountains of the deep,

Prov 8:29 ‫בְּשׂ֘וּמ֤וֹ לַיָּ֨ם ׀ חֻקּ֗וֹ וּ֭מַיִם לֹ֣א יַֽעַבְרוּ־פִ֑יו בְּ֝חוּק֗וֹ מ֣וֹסְדֵי אָֽרֶץ׃‬

When he issued his statute to the sea

That the waters should not exceed his dictum,

When he decreed the foundations of the earth,

exceed his dictum: or pass over its (his statute's) border. [AnLx] gives border under heading IV.
Prov 8:30 ‫וָֽאֶהְיֶ֥ה אֶצְל֗וֹ אָ֫מ֥וֹן וָֽאֶהְיֶ֣ה שַׁ֭עֲשֻׁעִים י֤וֹם ׀ י֑וֹם מְשַׂחֶ֖קֶת לְפָנָ֣יו בְּכָל־עֵֽת׃‬

I was with him constantly,

And I was his delight day by day,

Rejoicing in his presence all the time,

constantly: AV differs (as one brought up with him), also possible.
Prov 8:31 ‫מְ֭שַׂחֶקֶת בְּתֵבֵ֣ל אַרְצ֑וֹ וְ֝שַׁעֲשֻׁעַ֗י אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י אָדָֽם׃ פ‬

Rejoicing in the inhabitants of his earth,

And my delights were with the sons of Adam.

inhabitants: this parallels the second part of the verse. Alternatively, pleonastically, inhabitable world.
Prov 8:32 ‫וְעַתָּ֣ה בָ֭נִים שִׁמְעוּ־לִ֑י וְ֝אַשְׁרֵ֗י דְּרָכַ֥י יִשְׁמֹֽרוּ׃‬

So now, you sons, hear me,

For happy are they who keep my ways.

for: causal use of the vav.
Prov 8:33 ‫שִׁמְע֖וּ מוּסָ֥ר וַחֲכָ֗מוּ וְאַל־תִּפְרָֽעוּ׃‬

Hear correction,

And become wise,

And do not reject it.

Prov 8:34 ‫אַ֥שְֽׁרֵי אָדָם֮ שֹׁמֵ֪עַֽ֫ לִ֥י לִשְׁקֹ֣ד עַל־דַּ֭לְתֹתַי י֤וֹם ׀ י֑וֹם לִ֝שְׁמֹ֗ר מְזוּזֹ֥ת פְּתָחָֽי׃‬

Happy is the man who hears me,

So that he watches at my doors daily,

Guarding at the posts of my doors,

Prov 8:35 ‫כִּ֣י מֹ֭צְאִי *מצאי **מָצָ֣א חַיִּ֑ים וַיָּ֥פֶק רָ֝צ֗וֹן מֵיְהוָֽה׃‬

For {Q: he who finds me has found} [K: they who find me are finders of] life,

And he obtains favour from the Lord.

Prov 8:36 ‫וְֽ֭חֹטְאִי חֹמֵ֣ס נַפְשׁ֑וֹ כָּל־מְ֝שַׂנְאַ֗י אָ֣הֲבוּ מָֽוֶת׃ פ‬

But he who sins against me,

Does violence to himself;

All who hate me love death.”

himself ← his soul.
Prov 9:1 ‫חָ֭כְמוֹת בָּנְתָ֣ה בֵיתָ֑הּ חָצְבָ֖ה עַמּוּדֶ֣יהָ שִׁבְעָֽה׃‬

Wisdom has built its house;

It has hewn out its seven pillars.

Prov 9:2 ‫טָבְחָ֣ה טִ֭בְחָהּ מָסְכָ֣ה יֵינָ֑הּ אַ֝֗ף עָֽרְכָ֥ה שֻׁלְחָנָֽהּ׃‬

It has slaughtered its animal for the slaughter,

It has blended its wine;

It has also laid its table.

Prov 9:3 ‫שָֽׁלְחָ֣ה נַעֲרֹתֶ֣יהָ תִקְרָ֑א עַל־גַּ֝פֵּ֗י מְרֹ֣מֵי קָֽרֶת׃‬

It has sent out its maidservants;

It will call out on the city hilltops,

the city hilltops ← hillocks of heights of a city.
Prov 9:4 ‫מִי־פֶ֭תִי יָסֻ֣ר הֵ֑נָּה חֲסַר־לֵ֝֗ב אָ֣מְרָה לּֽוֹ׃‬

“Whoever is gullible,

Let him turn this way.”

As for the weak-minded, it says to him,

this way ← to here.

weak-minded ← lacking heart.
Prov 9:5 ‫לְ֭כוּ לַחֲמ֣וּ בְֽלַחֲמִ֑י וּ֝שְׁת֗וּ בְּיַ֣יִן מָסָֽכְתִּי׃‬

“Come and partake of my bread,

And drink the wine I have blended.

Prov 9:6 ‫עִזְב֣וּ פְתָאיִ֣ם וִֽחְי֑וּ וְ֝אִשְׁר֗וּ בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ בִּינָֽה׃‬

Leave the gullible and live,

And proceed on the way of understanding.

Prov 9:7 ‫יֹ֤סֵ֨ר ׀ לֵ֗ץ לֹקֵ֣חַֽ ל֣וֹ קָל֑וֹן וּמוֹכִ֖יחַ לְרָשָׁ֣ע מוּמֽוֹ׃‬

He who admonishes a mocker

Reaps contempt,

And he who reproves a wicked man,

Becomes tarnished.

reaps ← gets himself.

becomes tarnished ← (it is) his blemish.
Prov 9:8 ‫אַל־תּ֣וֹכַח לֵ֭ץ פֶּן־יִשְׂנָאֶ֑ךָּ הוֹכַ֥ח לְ֝חָכָ֗ם וְיֶאֱהָבֶֽךָּ׃‬

Do not reprove a mocker

In case he hates you for it;

Reprove a wise man,

And he will love you for it.

Prov 9:9 ‫תֵּ֣ן לְ֭חָכָם וְיֶחְכַּם־ע֑וֹד הוֹדַ֥ע לְ֝צַדִּ֗יק וְי֣וֹסֶף לֶֽקַח׃ פ‬

Give wisdom to the wise man,

And he will become wiser still;

Inform the righteous,

And he will increase in learning.

Prov 9:10 ‫תְּחִלַּ֣ת חָ֭כְמָה יִרְאַ֣ת יְהוָ֑ה וְדַ֖עַת קְדֹשִׁ֣ים בִּינָֽה׃‬

The beginning of wisdom is the fear of the Lord,

And understanding is knowledge of holy matters.

holy matters: [CB]= the Holy One, plural of majesty, which is also possible. But compare Num 18:8, where the expression explicitly applies to God's instructions.

Compare this verse with Job 28:28 and Ps 111:10.
Prov 9:11 ‫כִּי־בִ֭י יִרְבּ֣וּ יָמֶ֑יךָ וְיוֹסִ֥יפוּ לְּ֝ךָ֗ שְׁנ֣וֹת חַיִּֽים׃‬

For it is by me that your days are multiplied,

And years of life are added to you.

Prov 9:12 ‫אִם־חָ֭כַמְתָּ חָכַ֣מְתָּ לָּ֑ךְ וְ֝לַ֗צְתָּ לְֽבַדְּךָ֥ תִשָּֽׂא׃‬

If you gain wisdom,

You gain wisdom for yourself,

But if you mock,

You will bear it on your own.”

but: adversative use of the vav.
Prov 9:13 ‫אֵ֣שֶׁת כְּ֭סִילוּת הֹֽמִיָּ֑ה פְּ֝תַיּ֗וּת וּבַל־יָ֥דְעָה מָּֽה׃‬

A foolish wife is restive,

Gullible, and she does not know anything.

foolish wife ← wife of foolishness, a Hebraic genitive.

gullible ← gullibility.
Prov 9:14 ‫וְֽ֭יָשְׁבָה לְפֶ֣תַח בֵּיתָ֑הּ עַל־כִּ֝סֵּ֗א מְרֹ֣מֵי קָֽרֶת׃‬

And she sits at the door of her house

Or on a chair in the prominent places of the city,

Prov 9:15 ‫לִקְרֹ֥א לְעֹֽבְרֵי־דָ֑רֶךְ הַֽ֝מְיַשְּׁרִ֗ים אֹֽרְחוֹתָֽם׃‬

To call out to those passing by on the road,

Who are going straight on their way,

Prov 9:16 ‫מִי־פֶ֭תִי יָסֻ֣ר הֵ֑נָּה וַחֲסַר־לֵ֝֗ב וְאָ֣מְרָה לּֽוֹ׃‬

To whoever is gullible,

That he should turn aside there.

And she says to the weak-minded,

there ← here, but English converts direct speech forms in indirect speech, which is required by the third person verb.

weak-minded ← lacking heart.
Prov 9:17 ‫מַֽיִם־גְּנוּבִ֥ים יִמְתָּ֑קוּ וְלֶ֖חֶם סְתָרִ֣ים יִנְעָֽם׃‬

“Stolen waters are sweet,

And secret bread is delightful.”

secret bread ← bread of secrets, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 9:18 ‫וְֽלֹא־יָ֭דַע כִּֽי־רְפָאִ֣ים שָׁ֑ם בְּעִמְקֵ֖י שְׁא֣וֹל קְרֻאֶֽיהָ׃ פ‬

But he doesn't know that the Rephaim are there;

Those she has called out

Are in the depths of the grave.

Rephaim: see [CB] App. 25. AV differs (dead).
Prov 10:1 ‫מִשְׁלֵ֗י שְׁלֹ֫מֹ֥ה פ בֵּ֣ן חָ֭כָם יְשַׂמַּח־אָ֑ב וּבֵ֥ן כְּ֝סִ֗יל תּוּגַ֥ת אִמּֽוֹ׃‬ The proverbs of Solomon.

A wise son pleases his father;

A foolish son is his mother's grief.

Prov 10:2 ‫לֹא־י֭וֹעִילוּ אוֹצְר֣וֹת רֶ֑שַׁע וּ֝צְדָקָ֗ה תַּצִּ֥יל מִמָּֽוֶת׃‬

The lucre from wrongdoing is of no profit,

But righteousness delivers from death.

lucre from ← lucre of. Wider use of the construct state.
Prov 10:3 ‫לֹֽא־יַרְעִ֣יב יְ֭הוָה נֶ֣פֶשׁ צַדִּ֑יק וְהַוַּ֖ת רְשָׁעִ֣ים יֶהְדֹּֽף׃‬

The Lord will not let a righteous person go hungry,

But he repudiates the ambition of the wicked.

person ← soul.

ambition ← desire.
Prov 10:4 ‫רָ֗אשׁ עֹשֶׂ֥ה כַף־רְמִיָּ֑ה וְיַ֖ד חָרוּצִ֣ים תַּעֲשִֽׁיר׃‬

A negligent hand makes one impoverished,

But the hand of the industrious enriches.

negligent hand makes: standing for (he of) a negligent hand, which is why the verb is masculine. AV differs in syntactical arrangement.
Prov 10:5 ‫אֹגֵ֣ר בַּ֭קַּיִץ בֵּ֣ן מַשְׂכִּ֑יל נִרְדָּ֥ם בַּ֝קָּצִ֗יר בֵּ֣ן מֵבִֽישׁ׃‬

He who gathers store in the harvest time is an intelligent son;

He who falls asleep in the harvest time is a shameful son.

shameful ← causing shame, but here causing (his own) shame.
Prov 10:6 ‫בְּ֭רָכוֹת לְרֹ֣אשׁ צַדִּ֑יק וּפִ֥י רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים יְכַסֶּ֥ה חָמָֽס׃‬

Blessings come onto the head of the righteous man,

But violence envelops the mouth of the wicked.

violence envelops the mouth of the wicked: we offer an alternative for the same Hebrew words in Prov 10:11. The structure of the verses justifies the respective translations.
Prov 10:7 ‫זֵ֣כֶר צַ֭דִּיק לִבְרָכָ֑ה וְשֵׁ֖ם רְשָׁעִ֣ים יִרְקָֽב׃‬

The memory of the righteous is a blessing,

But the name of the wicked will rot.

Prov 10:8 ‫חֲכַם־לֵ֭ב יִקַּ֣ח מִצְוֺ֑ת וֶאֱוִ֥יל שְׂ֝פָתַ֗יִם יִלָּבֵֽט׃‬

The wise in heart accepts commandments,

But the loquacious fool will flounder.

loquacious fool ← fool of lips.
Prov 10:9 ‫הוֹלֵ֣ךְ בַּ֭תֹּם יֵ֣לֶךְ בֶּ֑טַח וּמְעַקֵּ֥שׁ דְּ֝רָכָ֗יו יִוָּדֵֽעַ׃‬

He who walks with integrity walks securely,

But he who perverts his ways will be identified.

Prov 10:10 ‫קֹ֣רֵֽץ עַ֭יִן יִתֵּ֣ן עַצָּ֑בֶת וֶאֱוִ֥יל שְׂ֝פָתַ֗יִם יִלָּבֵֽט׃‬

He who winks with the eye causes sorrow,

And the loquacious fool will flounder.

causes ← gives.

loquacious fool: see Prov 10:8.
Prov 10:11 ‫מְק֣וֹר חַ֭יִּים פִּ֣י צַדִּ֑יק וּפִ֥י רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים יְכַסֶּ֥ה חָמָֽס׃‬

The mouth of a righteous man is the source of life,

But the mouth of the wicked conceals violence.

mouth: i.e. utterances.

mouth ... violence: AV differs, inverting subject and object, which is also possible. See Prov 10:6.
Prov 10:12 ‫שִׂ֭נְאָה תְּעוֹרֵ֣ר מְדָנִ֑ים וְעַ֥ל כָּל־פְּ֝שָׁעִ֗ים תְּכַסֶּ֥ה אַהֲבָֽה׃‬

Hatred arouses strife,

But love covers all transgressions.

1 Pet 4:8.

strife ← strifes.
Prov 10:13 ‫בְּשִׂפְתֵ֣י נָ֭בוֹן תִּמָּצֵ֣א חָכְמָ֑ה וְ֝שֵׁ֗בֶט לְגֵ֣ו חֲסַר־לֵֽב׃‬

In the lips of the astute man, wisdom is found,

But a rod is applicable to the back of the weak-minded.

weak-minded ← lacking heart.
Prov 10:14 ‫חֲכָמִ֥ים יִצְפְּנוּ־דָ֑עַת וּפִֽי־אֱ֝וִיל מְחִתָּ֥ה קְרֹבָֽה׃‬

The wise treasure up knowledge,

But ruin is close to the mouth of the fool.

ruin ... mouth: AV differs, inverting subject and complement, which gives a discordant subject and adjective.
Prov 10:15 ‫ה֣וֹן עָ֭שִׁיר קִרְיַ֣ת עֻזּ֑וֹ מְחִתַּ֖ת דַּלִּ֣ים רֵישָֽׁם׃‬

The wealth of the rich is his strong city;

The ruination of the poor is their poverty.

his strong city ← the city of his strength, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 10:16 ‫פְּעֻלַּ֣ת צַדִּ֣יק לְחַיִּ֑ים תְּבוּאַ֖ת רָשָׁ֣ע לְחַטָּֽאת׃‬

The recompense of the righteous is life,

But the product of the wicked is sin.

life ... sin ← to / for life ... to / for sin, the preposition perhaps emphasizing the result.
Prov 10:17 ‫אֹ֣רַח לְ֭חַיִּים שׁוֹמֵ֣ר מוּסָ֑ר וְעוֹזֵ֖ב תּוֹכַ֣חַת מַתְעֶֽה׃‬

He who retains instruction has the way of life,

But he who forsakes reproof leads astray.

leads astray: AV differs (erreth), ignoring the causative verbal form (hiphil).
Prov 10:18 ‫מְכַסֶּ֣ה שִׂ֭נְאָה שִׂפְתֵי־שָׁ֑קֶר וּמוֹצִ֥א דִ֝בָּ֗ה ה֣וּא כְסִֽיל׃‬

He who conceals hatred with lying lips,

Or he who spreads slander,

Is a fool.

conceals ← covers.

lying lips ← lips of lying, a Hebraic genitive.

spreads ← brings out.
Prov 10:19 ‫בְּרֹ֣ב דְּ֭בָרִים לֹ֣א יֶחְדַּל־פָּ֑שַׁע וְחֹשֵׂ֖ךְ שְׂפָתָ֣יו מַשְׂכִּֽיל׃‬

In the abundance of words,

Transgression does not cease,

But he who is sparing with his lips

Is intelligent.

Prov 10:20 ‫כֶּ֣סֶף נִ֭בְחָר לְשׁ֣וֹן צַדִּ֑יק לֵ֖ב רְשָׁעִ֣ים כִּמְעָֽט׃‬

The tongue of the righteous man is choice silver;

The heart of the wicked is hardly so.

hardly so ← as little. Ironic, since it means not at all so.
Prov 10:21 ‫שִׂפְתֵ֣י צַ֭דִּיק יִרְע֣וּ רַבִּ֑ים וֶֽ֝אֱוִילִ֗ים בַּחֲסַר־לֵ֥ב יָמֽוּתוּ׃‬

The lips of the righteous act as a shepherd to many,

But fools will die in weak-mindedness.

in weak-mindedness ← in lack of heart.
Prov 10:22 ‫בִּרְכַּ֣ת יְ֭הוָה הִ֣יא תַעֲשִׁ֑יר וְלֹֽא־יוֹסִ֖ף עֶ֣צֶב עִמָּֽהּ׃‬

The blessing of the Lord enriches,

And he does not add sorrow to it.

to it ← with it.
Prov 10:23 ‫כִּשְׂח֣וֹק לִ֭כְסִיל עֲשׂ֣וֹת זִמָּ֑ה וְ֝חָכְמָ֗ה לְאִ֣ישׁ תְּבוּנָֽה׃‬

It is like a sport to a fool

To devise fraud,

But a man of understanding has wisdom.

Prov 10:24 ‫מְגוֹרַ֣ת רָ֭שָׁע הִ֣יא תְבוֹאֶ֑נּוּ וְתַאֲוַ֖ת צַדִּיקִ֣ים יִתֵּֽן׃‬

What the wicked man fears will come upon him,

But he will grant the wish of the righteous.

what the wicked man fears ← the fear of the wicked.

he will grant: i.e. the Lord will grant.
Prov 10:25 ‫כַּעֲב֣וֹר ס֭וּפָה וְאֵ֣ין רָשָׁ֑ע וְ֝צַדִּ֗יק יְס֣וֹד עוֹלָֽם׃‬

When the whirlwind passes over,

There will not be any wicked,

But the righteous man is an age-abiding foundation.

Prov 10:26 ‫כַּחֹ֤מֶץ ׀ לַשִּׁנַּ֗יִם וְכֶעָשָׁ֥ן לָעֵינָ֑יִם כֵּ֥ן הֶ֝עָצֵ֗ל לְשֹׁלְחָֽיו׃‬

As vinegar to the teeth and as smoke to the eyes,

So is the lazy man to those who send him on an assignment.

Prov 10:27 ‫יִרְאַ֣ת יְ֭הוָה תּוֹסִ֣יף יָמִ֑ים וּשְׁנ֖וֹת רְשָׁעִ֣ים תִּקְצֹֽרְנָה׃‬

Fear of the Lord adds to one's days,

But the years of the wicked will be curtailed.

Prov 10:28 ‫תּוֹחֶ֣לֶת צַדִּיקִ֣ים שִׂמְחָ֑ה וְתִקְוַ֖ת רְשָׁעִ֣ים תֹּאבֵֽד׃‬

The expectation of the righteous is happiness,

But the hope of the wicked will perish.

Prov 10:29 ‫מָע֣וֹז לַ֭תֹּם דֶּ֣רֶךְ יְהוָ֑ה וּ֝מְחִתָּ֗ה לְפֹ֣עֲלֵי אָֽוֶן׃‬

The way of the Lord is a fortress to the man with integrity,

But ruination to those who perpetrate iniquity.

Prov 10:30 ‫צַדִּ֣יק לְעוֹלָ֣ם בַּל־יִמּ֑וֹט וּ֝רְשָׁעִ֗ים לֹ֣א יִשְׁכְּנוּ־אָֽרֶץ׃‬

The righteous man will never falter,

But the wicked will not inhabit the earth.

never ← not for the age.
Prov 10:31 ‫פִּֽי־צַ֭דִּיק יָנ֣וּב חָכְמָ֑ה וּלְשׁ֥וֹן תַּ֝הְפֻּכ֗וֹת תִּכָּרֵֽת׃‬

The mouth of the righteous produces wisdom,

But a subversive tongue will be cut off.

Prov 10:32 ‫שִׂפְתֵ֣י צַ֭דִּיק יֵדְע֣וּן רָצ֑וֹן וּפִ֥י רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים תַּהְפֻּכֽוֹת׃‬

The lips of the righteous know what is pleasing,

But the mouth of the wicked only knows subversive things.

Prov 11:1 ‫מֹאזְנֵ֣י מִ֭רְמָה תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת יְהוָ֑ה וְאֶ֖בֶן שְׁלֵמָ֣ה רְצוֹנֽוֹ׃‬

False scales are an abomination to the Lord,

But a full weight is to his liking.

false scales ← scales of falseness, a Hebraic genitive.

weight ← stone.
Prov 11:2 ‫בָּֽא־זָ֭דוֹן וַיָּבֹ֣א קָל֑וֹן וְֽאֶת־צְנוּעִ֥ים חָכְמָֽה׃‬

When haughtiness comes,

Then so does humiliation,

But wisdom is with the modest.

so does ← comes.
Prov 11:3 ‫תֻּמַּ֣ת יְשָׁרִ֣ים תַּנְחֵ֑ם וְסֶ֖לֶף בּוֹגְדִ֣ים *ושדם **יְשָׁדֵּֽם׃‬

The integrity of the upright will lead them,

But the perverseness of the treacherous will ravage them.

will ravage them: the qeré is strictly and it ravages them. A vav / yod issue.
Prov 11:4 ‫לֹא־יוֹעִ֣יל ה֭וֹן בְּי֣וֹם עֶבְרָ֑ה וּ֝צְדָקָ֗ה תַּצִּ֥יל מִמָּֽוֶת׃‬

Wealth will not be of benefit on the day of wrath,

But righteousness will deliver from death.

Prov 11:5 ‫צִדְקַ֣ת תָּ֭מִים תְּיַשֵּׁ֣ר דַּרְכּ֑וֹ וּ֝בְרִשְׁעָת֗וֹ יִפֹּ֥ל רָשָֽׁע׃‬

The righteousness of the integrous man will direct his way,

But the wicked will fall by his wickedness.

Prov 11:6 ‫צִדְקַ֣ת יְ֭שָׁרִים תַּצִּילֵ֑ם וּ֝בְהַוַּ֗ת בֹּגְדִ֥ים יִלָּכֵֽדוּ׃‬

The righteousness of the upright will save them,

But the treacherous will be caught in their intrigue.

intrigue ← desire, lust, but with negative connotations.
Prov 11:7 ‫בְּמ֤וֹת אָדָ֣ם רָ֭שָׁע תֹּאבַ֣ד תִּקְוָ֑ה וְתוֹחֶ֖לֶת אוֹנִ֣ים אָבָֽדָה׃‬

When a wicked man dies,

His hope perishes,

And the expectation of the iniquitous

Comes to nothing.

comes to nothing ← perishes.
Prov 11:8 ‫צַ֭דִּיק מִצָּרָ֣ה נֶחֱלָ֑ץ וַיָּבֹ֖א רָשָׁ֣ע תַּחְתָּֽיו׃‬

The righteous man is delivered from adversity,

But the wicked man enters into it instead of him.

Prov 11:9 ‫בְּפֶ֗ה חָ֭נֵף יַשְׁחִ֣ת רֵעֵ֑הוּ וּ֝בְדַ֗עַת צַדִּיקִ֥ים יֵחָלֵֽצוּ׃‬

A profane person brings ruin on his neighbour with his mouth,

But the righteous will be delivered by knowledge.

Prov 11:10 ‫בְּט֣וּב צַ֭דִּיקִים תַּעֲלֹ֣ץ קִרְיָ֑ה וּבַאֲבֹ֖ד רְשָׁעִ֣ים רִנָּֽה׃‬

A city rejoices in the goodness of the righteous,

And there is jubilation at the demise of the wicked.

Prov 11:11 ‫בְּבִרְכַּ֣ת יְ֭שָׁרִים תָּר֣וּם קָ֑רֶת וּבְפִ֥י רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים תֵּהָרֵֽס׃‬

By the blessing of the upright,

The city is exalted,

But by the mouth of the wicked,

It is demolished.

Prov 11:12 ‫בָּז־לְרֵעֵ֥הוּ חֲסַר־לֵ֑ב וְאִ֖ישׁ תְּבוּנ֣וֹת יַחֲרִֽישׁ׃‬

The weak-minded man despises his neighbour,

But a man of understanding keeps silence.

weak-minded ← lacking of heart.
Prov 11:13 ‫הוֹלֵ֣ךְ רָ֭כִיל מְגַלֶּה־סּ֑וֹד וְנֶאֱמַן־ר֝֗וּחַ מְכַסֶּ֥ה דָבָֽר׃‬

He who goes about gossiping reveals a secret,

But he of a dependable spirit

Conceals a matter.

Prov 11:14 ‫בְּאֵ֣ין תַּ֭חְבֻּלוֹת יִפָּל־עָ֑ם וּ֝תְשׁוּעָ֗ה בְּרֹ֣ב יוֹעֵֽץ׃‬

Without guidance a people will fall,

But safety is found

In taking much counsel.

taking much counsel ← much of (being) a counsellor, or much (as) a counsel-taker, or in the greatness of a counsellor.
Prov 11:15 ‫רַע־יֵ֭רוֹעַ כִּי־עָ֣רַב זָ֑ר וְשֹׂנֵ֖א תֹקְעִ֣ים בּוֹטֵֽחַ׃‬

He who becomes security for a stranger

Will surely suffer evil,

But he who hates striking deals

Is secure.

will surely suffer evil ← will suffer evil evil(ly).
Prov 11:16 ‫אֵֽשֶׁת־חֵ֭ן תִּתְמֹ֣ךְ כָּב֑וֹד וְ֝עָרִיצִ֗ים יִתְמְכוּ־עֹֽשֶׁר׃‬

A gracious wife acquires honour,

And the mighty acquire riches.

gracious wife ← wife of grace, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 11:17 ‫גֹּמֵ֣ל נַ֭פְשׁוֹ אִ֣ישׁ חָ֑סֶד וְעֹכֵ֥ר שְׁ֝אֵר֗וֹ אַכְזָרִֽי׃‬

A kind man benefits his own self,

But a cruel man causes grief to his own body.

kind man ← man of kindness, a Hebraic genitive.

benefits ← recompenses.

self ← soul.

body ← flesh.
Prov 11:18 ‫רָשָׁ֗ע עֹשֶׂ֥ה פְעֻלַּת־שָׁ֑קֶר וְזֹרֵ֥עַ צְ֝דָקָ֗ה שֶׂ֣כֶר אֱמֶֽת׃‬

An evil man engages in fraudulent activity,

But he who sows righteousness

Has a durable reward.

a durable reward ← a reward of durability / truth, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 11:19 ‫כֵּן־צְדָקָ֥ה לְחַיִּ֑ים וּמְרַדֵּ֖ף רָעָ֣ה לְמוֹתֽוֹ׃‬

As righteousness is to one's life,

So is the pursuit of evil to one's death.

so: wider use of the vav.

pursuit ← (being a) pursuer.
Prov 11:20 ‫תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת יְ֭הוָה עִקְּשֵׁי־לֵ֑ב וּ֝רְצוֹנ֗וֹ תְּמִ֣ימֵי דָֽרֶךְ׃‬

The perverse in heart are an abomination to the Lord,

But those of integrity in their way are his delight.

Prov 11:21 ‫יָ֣ד לְ֭יָד לֹא־יִנָּ֣קֶה רָּ֑ע וְזֶ֖רַע צַדִּיקִ֣ים נִמְלָֽט׃‬

Whomever the wicked shakes hands with,

He will not be acquitted,

But the seed of the righteous man will escape.

shakes hands with ← hand to hand.
Prov 11:22 ‫נֶ֣זֶם זָ֭הָב בְּאַ֣ף חֲזִ֑יר אִשָּׁ֥ה יָ֝פָ֗ה וְסָ֣רַת טָֽעַם׃‬

A beautiful woman who lacks discernment

Is a golden ring in the nose of a pig.

lacks ← departs from, but also lacks.

ring: usually an earring or nosering.
Prov 11:23 ‫תַּאֲוַ֣ת צַדִּיקִ֣ים אַךְ־ט֑וֹב תִּקְוַ֖ת רְשָׁעִ֣ים עֶבְרָֽה׃‬

The yearning of the righteous is only for what is right;

The prospect of the wicked is wrath.

prospect: the word more commonly means hope.
Prov 11:24 ‫יֵ֣שׁ מְ֭פַזֵּר וְנוֹסָ֥ף ע֑וֹד וְחוֹשֵׂ֥ךְ מִ֝יֹּ֗שֶׁר אַךְ־לְמַחְסֽוֹר׃‬

One distributes liberally,

And more is added to him,

But he who withholds more than what is fair

Will surely become in need.

one ← there is, i.e. there is (one).

more than what is fair ← from uprightness.
Prov 11:25 ‫נֶֽפֶשׁ־בְּרָכָ֥ה תְדֻשָּׁ֑ן וּ֝מַרְוֶ֗ה גַּם־ה֥וּא יוֹרֶֽא׃‬

A generous person will be richly satisfied,

And he who gives plenty to drink

Will in return receive much rain.

generous person ← soul of blessing.

richly satisfied ← made fat.

in return ← also, but with wider scope.
Prov 11:26 ‫מֹ֣נֵֽעַ בָּ֭ר יִקְּבֻ֣הוּ לְא֑וֹם וּ֝בְרָכָ֗ה לְרֹ֣אשׁ מַשְׁבִּֽיר׃‬

As for him who withholds corn,

The people will curse him,

But he who trades it

Has a blessing on his head.

Prov 11:27 ‫שֹׁ֣חֵֽר ט֭וֹב יְבַקֵּ֣שׁ רָצ֑וֹן וְדֹרֵ֖שׁ רָעָ֣ה תְבוֹאֶֽנּוּ׃‬

He who diligently seeks good

Seeks what is acceptable,

But as for him who is intent on evil,

It will come on him.

Prov 11:28 ‫בּוֹטֵ֣חַ בְּ֭עָשְׁרוֹ ה֣וּא יִפֹּ֑ל וְ֝כֶעָלֶ֗ה צַדִּיקִ֥ים יִפְרָֽחוּ׃‬

He who trusts in his riches will fall,

But the righteous will thrive like foliage.

Prov 11:29 ‫עוֹכֵ֣ר בֵּ֭יתוֹ יִנְחַל־ר֑וּחַ וְעֶ֥בֶד אֱ֝וִ֗יל לַחֲכַם־לֵֽב׃‬

He who causes his household trouble

Will inherit thin air,

And a fool will be a servant to the wise of heart.

thin air ← wind.
Prov 11:30 ‫פְּֽרִי־צַ֭דִּיק עֵ֣ץ חַיִּ֑ים וְלֹקֵ֖חַ נְפָשׂ֣וֹת חָכָֽם׃‬

The fruit of the righteous is the tree of life,

And he who takes care of spiritual needs is wise.

spiritual needs ← souls.
Prov 11:31 ‫הֵ֣ן צַ֭דִּיק בָּאָ֣רֶץ יְשֻׁלָּ֑ם אַ֝֗ף כִּֽי־רָשָׁ֥ע וְחוֹטֵֽא׃‬

Behold, the righteous in the land will be recompensed.

How much the other way with the wicked and sinner!

Prov 12:1 ‫אֹהֵ֣ב מ֭וּסָר אֹ֣הֵֽב דָּ֑עַת וְשֹׂנֵ֖א תוֹכַ֣חַת בָּֽעַר׃‬

He who loves correction loves knowledge,

But he who hates reproof is ill-bred.

Prov 12:2 ‫ט֗וֹב יָפִ֣יק רָ֭צוֹן מֵיְהוָ֑ה וְאִ֖ישׁ מְזִמּ֣וֹת יַרְשִֽׁיעַ׃‬

A good man will obtain the Lord's goodwill,

But he will condemn a scheming man.

scheming man ← man of schemes, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 12:3 ‫לֹא־יִכּ֣וֹן אָדָ֣ם בְּרֶ֑שַׁע וְשֹׁ֥רֶשׁ צַ֝דִּיקִ֗ים בַּל־יִמּֽוֹט׃‬

A man is not established by wickedness,

But the root of the righteous will not be shaken.

Prov 12:4 ‫אֵֽשֶׁת־חַ֭יִל עֲטֶ֣רֶת בַּעְלָ֑הּ וּכְרָקָ֖ב בְּעַצְמוֹתָ֣יו מְבִישָֽׁה׃‬

A virtuous wife is the crown of her husband,

But she who causes shame is like rot in his bones.

Prov 12:5 ‫מַחְשְׁב֣וֹת צַדִּיקִ֣ים מִשְׁפָּ֑ט תַּחְבֻּל֖וֹת רְשָׁעִ֣ים מִרְמָֽה׃‬

The thoughts of the righteous are concerned with justice,

But the contrivances of the wicked are with deceit.

Prov 12:6 ‫דִּבְרֵ֣י רְשָׁעִ֣ים אֱרָב־דָּ֑ם וּפִ֥י יְ֝שָׁרִ֗ים יַצִּילֵֽם׃‬

The words of the wicked concern ambushing for blood,

But the mouth of the upright will deliver them.

ambushing: gerundial use of the infinitive.
Prov 12:7 ‫הָפ֣וֹךְ רְשָׁעִ֣ים וְאֵינָ֑ם וּבֵ֖ית צַדִּיקִ֣ים יַעֲמֹֽד׃‬

The wicked are overthrown,

And they are gone,

But the house of the righteous will stand.

are overthrown: an infinitive absolute. See [Ges-HG] §113ff, “best rendered by the passive”.

are gone ← are not.
Prov 12:8 ‫לְֽפִי־שִׂ֭כְלוֹ יְהֻלַּל־אִ֑ישׁ וְנַעֲוֵה־לֵ֝֗ב יִהְיֶ֥ה לָבֽוּז׃‬

A man is given praise according to his intelligence,

But the false-hearted will be held up to contempt.

Prov 12:9 ‫ט֣וֹב נִ֭קְלֶה וְעֶ֣בֶד ל֑וֹ מִ֝מְּתַכַּבֵּ֗ד וַחֲסַר־לָֽחֶם׃‬

One who is of low estate,

But has a servant,

Is better than one who vaunts himself,

But lacks bread.

of low estate ← despised, mean.
Prov 12:10 ‫יוֹדֵ֣עַ צַ֭דִּיק נֶ֣פֶשׁ בְּהֶמְתּ֑וֹ וְֽרַחֲמֵ֥י רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים אַכְזָרִֽי׃‬

The righteous man recognizes the feelings of his cattle,

But the mercies of the wicked are cruel.

feelings ← soul.
Prov 12:11 ‫עֹבֵ֣ד אַ֭דְמָתוֹ יִֽשְׂבַּֽע־לָ֑חֶם וּמְרַדֵּ֖ף רֵיקִ֣ים חֲסַר־לֵֽב׃‬

He who cultivates his land

Will have plenty of bread,

But he who pursues vain things

Is weak-minded.

have plenty of ← be satiated with.

weak-minded ← lacking heart.
Prov 12:12 ‫חָמַ֣ד רָ֭שָׁע מְצ֣וֹד רָעִ֑ים וְשֹׁ֖רֶשׁ צַדִּיקִ֣ים יִתֵּֽן׃‬

The wicked man delights in the hunting net of evil men,

But the root of the righteous will bear fruit.

Prov 12:13 ‫בְּפֶ֣שַׁע שְׂ֭פָתַיִם מוֹקֵ֣שׁ רָ֑ע וַיֵּצֵ֖א מִצָּרָ֣ה צַדִּֽיק׃‬

There is a snare to an evil man in the impropriety of his lips,

But the righteous man will come out of adversity.

impropriety ← transgression.
Prov 12:14 ‫מִפְּרִ֣י פִי־אִ֭ישׁ יִשְׂבַּע־ט֑וֹב וּגְמ֥וּל יְדֵי־אָ֝דָ֗ם *ישוב **יָשִׁ֥יב לֽוֹ׃‬

A man will be satiated with good things by the fruit of his mouth,

And {Q: he will bestow the reward of a man's labour on} [K: the reward of a man's labour will return to] him.

he will bestow (qeré) ... will return (ketiv): a vav / yod issue.

labour (qeré / ketiv)hands, put for the work done by them.
Prov 12:15 ‫דֶּ֣רֶךְ אֱ֭וִיל יָשָׁ֣ר בְּעֵינָ֑יו וְשֹׁמֵ֖עַ לְעֵצָ֣ה חָכָֽם׃‬

A fool's way is upright in his own eyes,

But he who listens to advice is wise.

Prov 12:16 ‫אֱוִ֗יל בַּ֭יּוֹם יִוָּדַ֣ע כַּעְס֑וֹ וְכֹסֶ֖ה קָל֣וֹן עָרֽוּם׃‬

The anger of the fool becomes known in due course,

But he who conceals an ignominious situation is prudent.

in due course ← in the day.
Prov 12:17 ‫יָפִ֣יחַ אֱ֭מוּנָה יַגִּ֣יד צֶ֑דֶק וְעֵ֖ד שְׁקָרִ֣ים מִרְמָֽה׃‬

He who utters faithful things declares justice,

But a false witness, deceit.

utters ← puffs out.

faithful thingsfaithfulness.

false witness ← witness of lies, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 12:18 ‫יֵ֣שׁ בּ֭וֹטֶה כְּמַדְקְר֣וֹת חָ֑רֶב וּלְשׁ֖וֹן חֲכָמִ֣ים מַרְפֵּֽא׃‬

There is one who speaks recklessly like the piercings of a sword,

But the tongue of the wise brings healing.

Prov 12:19 ‫שְֽׂפַת־אֱ֭מֶת תִּכּ֣וֹן לָעַ֑ד וְעַד־אַ֝רְגִּ֗יעָה לְשׁ֣וֹן שָֽׁקֶר׃‬

A truthful lip is established in perpetuity,

But a lying tongue only endures until I act all of a sudden.

truthful lip ← lip of truth, a Hebraic genitive.

I act all of a sudden: or I give (it) rest. AV differs (but for a moment); [BDB]= while I would twinkle (= only for a moment).
Prov 12:20 ‫מִ֭רְמָה בְּלֶב־חֹ֣רְשֵׁי רָ֑ע וּֽלְיֹעֲצֵ֖י שָׁל֣וֹם שִׂמְחָֽה׃‬

There is deceit in the heart of those who devise evil,

But those who counsel peace will have joy.

Prov 12:21 ‫לֹא־יְאֻנֶּ֣ה לַצַּדִּ֣יק כָּל־אָ֑וֶן וּ֝רְשָׁעִ֗ים מָ֣לְאוּ רָֽע׃‬

No adversity will befall the righteous man,

But the wicked will be full of trouble.

Prov 12:22 ‫תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת יְ֭הוָה שִׂפְתֵי־שָׁ֑קֶר וְעֹשֵׂ֖י אֱמוּנָ֣ה רְצוֹנֽוֹ׃‬

Lying lips are an abomination to the Lord,

But they who act faithfully are his delight.

lying lips ← lips of lies, a Hebraic genitive.

act faithfully ← do faith.
Prov 12:23 ‫אָדָ֣ם עָ֭רוּם כֹּ֣סֶה דָּ֑עַת וְלֵ֥ב כְּ֝סִילִ֗ים יִקְרָ֥א אִוֶּֽלֶת׃‬

A prudent man withholds information,

But a foolish heart makes proclamations without discretion.

a foolish heart ← a heart of fools.

makes proclamations without discretion ← proclaims folly / impiety.
Prov 12:24 ‫יַד־חָרוּצִ֥ים תִּמְשׁ֑וֹל ו֝רְמִיָּ֗ה תִּהְיֶ֥ה לָמַֽס׃‬

The hand of the diligent will rule,

But remissness will become tribute-bearing.

Prov 12:25 ‫דְּאָגָ֣ה בְלֶב־אִ֣ישׁ יַשְׁחֶ֑נָּה וְדָבָ֖ר ט֣וֹב יְשַׂמְּחֶֽנָּה׃‬

Anxiety in a man's heart brings it low,

But a good word makes it rejoice.

Prov 12:26 ‫יָתֵ֣ר מֵרֵעֵ֣הוּ צַדִּ֑יק וְדֶ֖רֶךְ רְשָׁעִ֣ים תַּתְעֵֽם׃‬

The righteous man is a better guide than his neighbour,

But the way of the wicked leads them astray.

is a better guide: AV differs (is more excellent), taking the word from root יָתַר, not תּוּר.
Prov 12:27 ‫לֹא־יַחֲרֹ֣ךְ רְמִיָּ֣ה צֵיד֑וֹ וְהוֹן־אָדָ֖ם יָקָ֣ר חָרֽוּץ׃‬

The remiss will not catch his prey,

But a man's wealth is precious

If diligently obtained.

catch: AV differs (roast).
Prov 12:28 ‫בְּאֹֽרַח־צְדָקָ֥ה חַיִּ֑ים וְדֶ֖רֶךְ נְתִיבָ֣ה אַל־מָֽוֶת׃‬

In the way of righteousness is life,

And the way of this path is to immortality.

Prov 13:1 ‫בֵּ֣ן חָ֭כָם מ֣וּסַר אָ֑ב וְ֝לֵ֗ץ לֹא־שָׁמַ֥ע גְּעָרָֽה׃‬

A wise son hears the correction of his father,

But a scoffer does not hear rebuke.

Prov 13:2 ‫מִפְּרִ֣י פִי־אִ֭ישׁ יֹ֣אכַל ט֑וֹב וְנֶ֖פֶשׁ בֹּגְדִ֣ים חָמָֽס׃‬

A man shall eat what is good by the fruit of his mouth,

But the appetite of the treacherous will be slaked by violence.

a man ... his ← he ... a man's.

by the fruit of his mouth: i.e. by saying righteous things.

appetite ← soul.
Prov 13:3 ‫נֹצֵ֣ר פִּ֭יו שֹׁמֵ֣ר נַפְשׁ֑וֹ פֹּשֵׂ֥ק שְׂ֝פָתָ֗יו מְחִתָּה־לֽוֹ׃‬

He who guards his mouth keeps his life;

He who opens his lips wide will have ruin.

life ← soul.
Prov 13:4 ‫מִתְאַוָּ֣ה וָ֭אַיִן נַפְשׁ֣וֹ עָצֵ֑ל וְנֶ֖פֶשׁ חָרֻצִ֣ים תְּדֻשָּֽׁן׃‬

The lazy person longs for a thing,

But it comes to nothing,

Whilst the appetite of the industrious

Will be richly satisfied.

person ← soul.

richly satisfied ← made fat.
Prov 13:5 ‫דְּבַר־שֶׁ֭קֶר יִשְׂנָ֣א צַדִּ֑יק וְ֝רָשָׁ֗ע יַבְאִ֥ישׁ וְיַחְפִּֽיר׃‬

The righteous man hates a false word,

But a wicked man acts despicably

And is disgraced.

hates: in a Hebrew “OVS” (object-verb-subject) sentence.

false word ← word of falseness, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 13:6 ‫צְ֭דָקָה תִּצֹּ֣ר תָּם־דָּ֑רֶךְ וְ֝רִשְׁעָ֗ה תְּסַלֵּ֥ף חַטָּֽאת׃‬

Righteousness will guard an integrous man on his way,

But lawlessness will subvert the sin-offering.

sin-offering: AV differs (sinner).
Prov 13:7 ‫יֵ֣שׁ מִ֭תְעַשֵּׁר וְאֵ֣ין כֹּ֑ל מִ֝תְרוֹשֵׁ֗שׁ וְה֣וֹן רָֽב׃‬

There is the one who enriches himself,

But does not have anything,

And the one who impoverishes himself,

But has great wealth.

anything ← everything, but after a negative, anything.
Prov 13:8 ‫כֹּ֣פֶר נֶֽפֶשׁ־אִ֣ישׁ עָשְׁר֑וֹ וְ֝רָ֗שׁ לֹא־שָׁמַ֥ע גְּעָרָֽה׃‬

The ransom for a man's life is his wealth,

But the poor man does not hear rebuke.

life ← soul.

rebuke: i.e., presumably, despite a tenuous semantic connection, a ransom demand, because a poor man is not held to ransom.
Prov 13:9 ‫אוֹר־צַדִּיקִ֥ים יִשְׂמָ֑ח וְנֵ֖ר רְשָׁעִ֣ים יִדְעָֽךְ׃‬

The light of the righteous shines cheerfully,

But the lamp of the wicked will be extinguished.

shines cheerfully: perhaps better re-pointed as piel, יְשַׂמֵּחַ, makes joyful.
Prov 13:10 ‫רַק־בְּ֭זָדוֹן יִתֵּ֣ן מַצָּ֑ה וְאֶת־נ֖וֹעָצִ֣ים חָכְמָֽה׃‬

Haughtiness just engenders contention,

But wisdom is with those

Who have been given advice.

haughtiness just engenders contention ← just by haughtiness it (or he) gives contention.
Prov 13:11 ‫ה֭וֹן מֵהֶ֣בֶל יִמְעָ֑ט וְקֹבֵ֖ץ עַל־יָ֣ד יַרְבֶּֽה׃‬

Wealth obtained from vain pursuits will decline,

But that of him who gathers through labour will increase.

that of him: AV differs (he).

labour ← hand.
Prov 13:12 ‫תּוֹחֶ֣לֶת מְ֭מֻשָּׁכָה מַחֲלָה־לֵ֑ב וְעֵ֥ץ חַ֝יִּ֗ים תַּאֲוָ֥ה בָאָֽה׃‬

Protracted expectation grieves the heart,

But the coming delight is a tree of life.

grieves ← makes sick.
Prov 13:13 ‫בָּ֣ז לְ֭דָבָר יֵחָ֣בֶל ל֑וֹ וִירֵ֥א מִ֝צְוָ֗ה ה֣וּא יְשֻׁלָּֽם׃‬

If a person despises a word,

It will be his destruction,

But he who fears the commandment

Will be recompensed.

Prov 13:14 ‫תּוֹרַ֣ת חָ֭כָם מְק֣וֹר חַיִּ֑ים לָ֝ס֗וּר מִמֹּ֥קְשֵׁי מָֽוֶת׃‬

The law of the wise man is a source of life,

By departing from deadly snares.

by departing: gerundial use of the infinitive.

deadly snares ← snares of death, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 13:15 ‫שֵֽׂכֶל־ט֭וֹב יִתֶּן־חֵ֑ן וְדֶ֖רֶךְ בֹּגְדִ֣ים אֵיתָֽן׃‬

Good insight gives grace,

But the way of the treacherous is austere.

Prov 13:16 ‫כָּל־עָ֭רוּם יַעֲשֶׂ֣ה בְדָ֑עַת וּ֝כְסִ֗יל יִפְרֹ֥שׂ אִוֶּֽלֶת׃‬

Every prudent man acts in an informed way,

But a fool spreads nonsense.

in an informed way ← with knowledge.

nonsense: or impiety.
Prov 13:17 ‫מַלְאָ֣ךְ רָ֭שָׁע יִפֹּ֣ל בְּרָ֑ע וְצִ֖יר אֱמוּנִ֣ים מַרְפֵּֽא׃‬

An unjust messenger will fall into harm,

But a faithful envoy brings healing.

a faithful envoy ← an envoy of faithfulness, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 13:18 ‫רֵ֣ישׁ וְ֭קָלוֹן פּוֹרֵ֣עַ מוּסָ֑ר וְשׁוֹמֵ֖ר תּוֹכַ֣חַת יְכֻבָּֽד׃‬

Poverty and contempt await him who disregards correction,

But he who takes heed of reproof will be honoured.

Prov 13:19 ‫תַּאֲוָ֣ה נִ֭הְיָה תֶּעֱרַ֣ב לְנָ֑פֶשׁ וְתוֹעֲבַ֥ת כְּ֝סִילִ֗ים ס֣וּר מֵרָֽע׃‬

A longing fulfilled is sweet to one's spirit,

But it is an abomination to fools to depart from evil.

fulfilled ← come about.

spirit ← soul.
Prov 13:20 ‫*הלוך **הוֹלֵ֣ךְ אֶת־חֲכָמִ֣ים *וחכם **יֶחְכָּ֑ם וְרֹעֶ֖ה כְסִילִ֣ים יֵרֽוֹעַ׃‬

He who walks with the wise

Will become wise,

But he who associates with fools

Will suffer evil.

he who walks: the ketiv is an infinitive absolute.

will become wise: a vav / yod issue, but the meanings are essentially the same.

There is perhaps a play on words with וְרֺעֶה and יֵרוֹעַ (associates ... suffer evil).
Prov 13:21 ‫חַ֭טָּאִים תְּרַדֵּ֣ף רָעָ֑ה וְאֶת־צַ֝דִּיקִ֗ים יְשַׁלֶּם־טֽוֹב׃‬

Trouble will pursue sinners,

But he will recompense the righteous with good.

pursue: in a Hebrew “OVS” (object-verb-subject) sentence.
Prov 13:22 ‫ט֗וֹב יַנְחִ֥יל בְּנֵֽי־בָנִ֑ים וְצָפ֥וּן לַ֝צַּדִּ֗יק חֵ֣יל חוֹטֵֽא׃‬

A good man leaves an inheritance to his sons' sons,

Whereas the wealth of the sinner

Is hidden away for the righteous.

whereas: wider use of the vav.
Prov 13:23 ‫רָב־אֹ֭כֶל נִ֣יר רָאשִׁ֑ים וְיֵ֥שׁ נִ֝סְפֶּ֗ה בְּלֹ֣א מִשְׁפָּֽט׃‬

The agricultural work of the poor brings abundance of food,

But there is the one who perishes without justice.

there is the one who perishes without justice: or wealth is taken away without justice. Our translation of יֵשׁ is as in Prov 13:7.
Prov 13:24 ‫חוֹשֵׂ֣ךְ שִׁ֭בְטוֹ שׂוֹנֵ֣א בְנ֑וֹ וְ֝אֹהֲב֗וֹ שִֽׁחֲר֥וֹ מוּסָֽר׃‬

He who spares his rod hates his son,

But he who loves him

Is alert to give him correction.

Prov 13:25 ‫צַדִּ֗יק אֹ֭כֵל לְשֹׂ֣בַע נַפְשׁ֑וֹ וּבֶ֖טֶן רְשָׁעִ֣ים תֶּחְסָֽר׃ פ‬

The righteous eats to his heart's content,

But the stomach of the wicked will suffer lack.

to his heart's content ← to satiety of his soul.
Prov 14:1 ‫חַכְמ֣וֹת נָ֭שִׁים בָּנְתָ֣ה בֵיתָ֑הּ וְ֝אִוֶּ֗לֶת בְּיָדֶ֥יהָ תֶהֶרְסֶֽנּוּ׃‬

The wisdom of women is what builds up their household,

But foolishness in their hands demolishes it.

wisdom: AV differs somewhat, taking the word as an adjective. [AnLx] accepts חַכְמוֹת as a secondary form of the noun חָכְמוּת (wisdom).

their (2x)her, but applying to each of many.

foolishness: AV differs, foolish [woman].
Prov 14:2 ‫הוֹלֵ֣ךְ בְּ֭יָשְׁרוֹ יְרֵ֣א יְהוָ֑ה וּנְל֖וֹז דְּרָכָ֣יו בּוֹזֵֽהוּ׃‬

He who walks in his uprightness fears the Lord,

But he who is devious in his ways despises him.

Prov 14:3 ‫בְּֽפִי־אֱ֭וִיל חֹ֣טֶר גַּאֲוָ֑ה וְשִׂפְתֵ֥י חֲ֝כָמִ֗ים תִּשְׁמוּרֵֽם׃‬

In the mouth of the fool is a sceptre of pride,

But the lips of the wise will guard them.

the lips of the wise will guard them: reading תִּשְׁמְרוּם. Otherwise, one could read (as for) the lips of the wise, you will guard them, but referring to God with ↴
Prov 14:4 ‫בְּאֵ֣ין אֲ֭לָפִים אֵב֣וּס בָּ֑ר וְרָב־תְּ֝בוּא֗וֹת בְּכֹ֣חַ שֽׁוֹר׃‬

For want of oxen, the stall is empty,

But abundance of produce is by the strength of the ox.

↳ the grammatical second person is not the general style of Proverbs.

the strength of the ox: i.e. its ability to draw the plough.
Prov 14:5 ‫עֵ֣ד אֱ֭מוּנִים לֹ֣א יְכַזֵּ֑ב וְיָפִ֥יחַ כְּ֝זָבִ֗ים עֵ֣ד שָֽׁקֶר׃‬

A faithful witness does not lie,

But a false witness utters lies.

faithful witness ... false witness ← witness of faithfulness ... witness of falsehood, Hebraic genitives.

utters ← puffs out.
Prov 14:6 ‫בִּקֶּשׁ־לֵ֣ץ חָכְמָ֣ה וָאָ֑יִן וְדַ֖עַת לְנָב֣וֹן נָקָֽל׃‬

The scoffer seeks wisdom,

But does not find any,

Whilst knowledge is easily come by to the judicious.

Prov 14:7 ‫לֵ֣ךְ מִ֭נֶּגֶד לְאִ֣ישׁ כְּסִ֑יל וּבַל־יָ֝דַ֗עְתָּ שִׂפְתֵי־דָֽעַת׃‬

Go away from the foolish man,

In whom you have not detected knowledgeable speaking.

from ← from opposite.

detected ← known.

knowledgeable speaking ← lips of knowledge.
Prov 14:8 ‫חָכְמַ֣ת עָ֭רוּם הָבִ֣ין דַּרְכּ֑וֹ וְאִוֶּ֖לֶת כְּסִילִ֣ים מִרְמָֽה׃‬

The wisdom of the prudent is to understand his way,

But the senselessness of fools is deceit.

Prov 14:9 ‫אֱ֭וִלִים יָלִ֣יץ אָשָׁ֑ם וּבֵ֖ין יְשָׁרִ֣ים רָצֽוֹן׃‬

As for fools, each ridicules the guilt-offering,

But among the upright is goodwill.

As for fools, each ridicules the guilt-offering: AV differs somewhat (fools make a mock at sin), and see [CB]. Alternatively, read (as for) fools, the (consequences of) guilt will ridicule (them).
Prov 14:10 ‫לֵ֗ב י֭וֹדֵעַ מָרַּ֣ת נַפְשׁ֑וֹ וּ֝בְשִׂמְחָת֗וֹ לֹא־יִתְעָ֥רַב זָֽר׃‬

The heart knows its own bitterness,

And a stranger does not interfere with its joy.

its own bitterness ← the bitterness of its soul.
Prov 14:11 ‫בֵּ֣ית רְ֭שָׁעִים יִשָּׁמֵ֑ד וְאֹ֖הֶל יְשָׁרִ֣ים יַפְרִֽיחַ׃‬

The house of the wicked will be destroyed,

But the tent of the upright will flourish.

Prov 14:12 ‫יֵ֤שׁ דֶּ֣רֶךְ יָ֭שָׁר לִפְנֵי־אִ֑ישׁ וְ֝אַחֲרִיתָ֗הּ דַּרְכֵי־מָֽוֶת׃‬

There is a way which seems right from man's perspective,

But its end is the ways of death.

from man's perspective ← before man.
Prov 14:13 ‫גַּם־בִּשְׂח֥וֹק יִכְאַב־לֵ֑ב וְאַחֲרִיתָ֖הּ שִׂמְחָ֣ה תוּגָֽה׃‬

Also in jesting there will be heartache,

And the result of it is that the fun will become grief.

there will be heartache ← the heart will ache.

result ← end (in time).
Prov 14:14 ‫מִדְּרָכָ֣יו יִ֭שְׂבַּע ס֣וּג לֵ֑ב וּ֝מֵעָלָ֗יו אִ֣ישׁ טֽוֹב׃‬

A backslider in heart will be satiated with his ways,

And over against this, so will the good man!

over against this ← from on / against it.
Prov 14:15 ‫פֶּ֭תִי יַאֲמִ֣ין לְכָל־דָּבָ֑ר וְ֝עָר֗וּם יָבִ֥ין לַאֲשֻׁרֽוֹ׃‬

The gullible man believes every word,

But the prudent understands his course.

Prov 14:16 ‫חָכָ֣ם יָ֭רֵא וְסָ֣ר מֵרָ֑ע וּ֝כְסִ֗יל מִתְעַבֵּ֥ר וּבוֹטֵֽחַ׃‬

A wise man is fearful

And departs from evil,

But a fool behaves wantonly

And has confidence.

Prov 14:17 ‫קְֽצַר־אַ֭פַּיִם יַעֲשֶׂ֣ה אִוֶּ֑לֶת וְאִ֥ישׁ מְ֝זִמּ֗וֹת יִשָּׂנֵֽא׃‬

He who is impatient will act foolishly,

And a scheming man will be hated.

a scheming man ← a man of schemes, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 14:18 ‫נָחֲל֣וּ פְתָאיִ֣ם אִוֶּ֑לֶת וַֽ֝עֲרוּמִ֗ים יַכְתִּ֥רוּ דָֽעַת׃‬

The gullible inherit foolishness,

But the prudent are crowned with knowledge.

Prov 14:19 ‫שַׁח֣וּ רָ֭עִים לִפְנֵ֣י טוֹבִ֑ים וּ֝רְשָׁעִ֗ים עַֽל־שַׁעֲרֵ֥י צַדִּֽיק׃‬

The bad will submit to the good,

And the wicked will be at the gates of the righteous one.

bad ... good ... wicked: all plural. Followed by the singular righteous, suggesting a Messianic interpretation.
Prov 14:20 ‫גַּם־לְ֭רֵעֵהוּ יִשָּׂ֣נֵא רָ֑שׁ וְאֹהֲבֵ֖י עָשִׁ֣יר רַבִּֽים׃‬

The poor is hated even by his neighbour,

But there are many who love a rich man.

Prov 14:21 ‫בָּז־לְרֵעֵ֥הוּ חוֹטֵ֑א וּמְחוֹנֵ֖ן *עניים **עֲנָוִ֣ים אַשְׁרָֽיו׃‬

A sinner despises his neighbour,

But happy is he who is merciful to the {K: poor} [Q: meek].

The ketiv / qeré issue is a yod / vav issue.
Prov 14:22 ‫הֲ‍ֽלוֹא־יִ֭תְעוּ חֹ֣רְשֵׁי רָ֑ע וְחֶ֥סֶד וֶ֝אֱמֶ֗ת חֹ֣רְשֵׁי טֽוֹב׃‬

Will not those who perpetrate evil perish,

Whereas kindness and truth will accompany those who perform good?

perpetrate ... perform ← plough ... plough.

perish ← go astray (to ruin). See [AnLx]. Compare Job 38:41.

whereas: wider use of the vav.
Prov 14:23 ‫בְּכָל־עֶ֭צֶב יִהְיֶ֣ה מוֹתָ֑ר וּדְבַר־שְׂ֝פָתַ֗יִם אַךְ־לְמַחְסֽוֹר׃‬

In all hard work there will be abundance,

But talking at length only leads to shortage.

talking at length ← a word of lips.
Prov 14:24 ‫עֲטֶ֣רֶת חֲכָמִ֣ים עָשְׁרָ֑ם אִוֶּ֖לֶת כְּסִילִ֣ים אִוֶּֽלֶת׃‬

The crown of the wise is their wealth,

But the stupidity of fools remains stupidity.

Prov 14:25 ‫מַצִּ֣יל נְ֭פָשׁוֹת עֵ֣ד אֱמֶ֑ת וְיָפִ֖חַ כְּזָבִ֣ים מִרְמָֽה׃‬

A true witness saves lives,

But a deceitful witness utters lies.

lives ← souls.

utters ← puffs out.
Prov 14:26 ‫בְּיִרְאַ֣ת יְ֭הוָה מִבְטַח־עֹ֑ז וּ֝לְבָנָ֗יו יִהְיֶ֥ה מַחְסֶֽה׃‬

In the fear of the Lord is strong security,

And his sons will have a refuge.

strong security ← security of strength, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 14:27 ‫יִרְאַ֣ת יְ֭הוָה מְק֣וֹר חַיִּ֑ים לָ֝ס֗וּר מִמֹּ֥קְשֵׁי מָֽוֶת׃‬

The fear of the Lord is the source of life,

So as to avoid deadly snares.

deadly snares ← snares of death, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 14:28 ‫בְּרָב־עָ֥ם הַדְרַת־מֶ֑לֶךְ וּבְאֶ֥פֶס לְ֝אֹ֗ם מְחִתַּ֥ת רָזֽוֹן׃‬

The splendour of a king is in a large population,

And lack of people is ruinous demise.

large population ← multitude of people.

ruinous demise ← ruin of diminution, translated as a reverse Hebraic genitive. AV differs (destruction of the prince), from root רָזַן, not our רָזָה.
Prov 14:29 ‫אֶ֣רֶךְ אַ֭פַּיִם רַב־תְּבוּנָ֑ה וּקְצַר־ר֝֗וּחַ מֵרִ֥ים אִוֶּֽלֶת׃‬

He who is patient is of great understanding,

But he who is impatient extols foolishness.

patient ← long of temperament.

impatient ← short of spirit.
Prov 14:30 ‫חַיֵּ֣י בְ֭שָׂרִים לֵ֣ב מַרְפֵּ֑א וּרְקַ֖ב עֲצָמ֣וֹת קִנְאָֽה׃‬

A healthy heart is life in the flesh,

But envy is rotting of the bones.

healthy heart ← heart of health, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 14:31 ‫עֹ֣שֵֽׁק־דָּ֭ל חֵרֵ֣ף עֹשֵׂ֑הוּ וּ֝מְכַבְּד֗וֹ חֹנֵ֥ן אֶבְיֽוֹן׃‬

He who oppresses the poor reproaches his maker,

But he who honours him is gracious to the needy.

Prov 14:32 ‫בְּֽ֭רָעָתוֹ יִדָּחֶ֣ה רָשָׁ֑ע וְחֹסֶ֖ה בְמוֹת֣וֹ צַדִּֽיק׃‬

A wicked man will be abased by his evil,

But the righteous has confidence at his death.

Prov 14:33 ‫בְּלֵ֣ב נָ֭בוֹן תָּנ֣וּחַ חָכְמָ֑ה וּבְקֶ֥רֶב כְּ֝סִילִ֗ים תִּוָּדֵֽעַ׃‬

Wisdom will rest in a judicious heart,

And it will be made known among fools.

and it will be made known: i.e. the fools will be “shown up” by wisdom. AV differs (but that which is ... is made known).
Prov 14:34 ‫צְדָקָ֥ה תְרֽוֹמֵֽם־גּ֑וֹי וְחֶ֖סֶד לְאֻמִּ֣ים חַטָּֽאת׃‬

Righteousness will exalt a people,

But sin is a reproach to nations.

reproach: a homonym; the more common meaning is kindness.
Prov 14:35 ‫רְֽצוֹן־מֶ֭לֶךְ לְעֶ֣בֶד מַשְׂכִּ֑יל וְ֝עֶבְרָת֗וֹ תִּהְיֶ֥ה מֵבִֽישׁ׃‬

A king's delight is in a sensible servant,

But his wrath will be directed at him who causes shame.

Prov 15:1 ‫מַֽעֲנֶה־רַּ֭ךְ יָשִׁ֣יב חֵמָ֑ה וּדְבַר־עֶ֝֗צֶב יַעֲלֶה־אָֽף׃‬

A gentle answer turns wrath away,

But a grievous word arouses anger.

gentle ← soft.
Prov 15:2 ‫לְשׁ֣וֹן חֲ֭כָמִים תֵּיטִ֣יב דָּ֑עַת וּפִ֥י כְ֝סִילִ֗ים יַבִּ֥יעַ אִוֶּֽלֶת׃‬

The tongue of the wise makes good use of knowledge,

But the mouth of fools utters stupidity.

makes good use of knowledge ← knows well.

utters ← makes gush out.
Prov 15:3 ‫בְּֽכָל־מָ֭קוֹם עֵינֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה צֹ֝פ֗וֹת רָעִ֥ים וטוֹבִֽים׃‬

The eyes of the Lord are in every place,

Observing the bad and the good.

the eyes of the Lord (etc.): compare Zech 4:10 and 2 Chr 16:9.
Prov 15:4 ‫מַרְפֵּ֣א לָ֭שׁוֹן עֵ֣ץ חַיִּ֑ים וְסֶ֥לֶף בָּ֝֗הּ שֶׁ֣בֶר בְּרֽוּחַ׃‬

A calming tongue is a tree of life,

But perverseness with the tongue is spiritual shipwreck.

a calming tongue ← calmness / healing of tongue.

the tongueit, referring to tongue, not calming tongue.

spiritual shipwreck ← breakage in spirit.
Prov 15:5 ‫אֱוִ֗יל יִ֭נְאַץ מוּסַ֣ר אָבִ֑יו וְשֹׁמֵ֖ר תּוֹכַ֣חַת יַעְרִֽם׃‬

A fool scorns his father's correction,

But he who respects reproof will act prudently.

respects ← guards.
Prov 15:6 ‫בֵּ֣ית צַ֭דִּיק חֹ֣סֶן רָ֑ב וּבִתְבוּאַ֖ת רָשָׁ֣ע נֶעְכָּֽרֶת׃‬

The house of the righteous man is great wealth,

But the income of the wicked man will bring trouble.

Prov 15:7 ‫שִׂפְתֵ֣י חֲ֭כָמִים יְזָ֣רוּ דָ֑עַת וְלֵ֖ב כְּסִילִ֣ים לֹא־כֵֽן׃‬

The lips of the wise broadcast knowledge,

But the heart of fools is dishonest.

dishonest: AV differs somewhat (not so), also possible, and ultimately from the same root (כּוּן).
Prov 15:8 ‫זֶ֣בַח רְ֭שָׁעִים תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת יְהוָ֑ה וּתְפִלַּ֖ת יְשָׁרִ֣ים רְצוֹנֽוֹ׃‬

The sacrifice of the wicked is an abomination to the Lord,

But the prayer of the upright is his delight.

sacrifice of the wicked: a subjective genitive (the wicked sacrifice).

but: adversative use of the vav.
Prov 15:9 ‫תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת יְ֭הוָה דֶּ֣רֶךְ רָשָׁ֑ע וּמְרַדֵּ֖ף צְדָקָ֣ה יֶאֱהָֽב׃‬

The way of the wicked man is an abomination to the Lord,

But he loves him who pursues righteousness.

Prov 15:10 ‫מוּסָ֣ר רָ֭ע לְעֹזֵ֣ב אֹ֑רַח שׂוֹנֵ֖א תוֹכַ֣חַת יָמֽוּת׃‬

Correction is baneful to him who leaves the way,

And he who hates reproof will die.

Prov 15:11 ‫שְׁא֣וֹל וַ֭אֲבַדּוֹן נֶ֣גֶד יְהוָ֑ה אַ֝֗ף כִּֽי־לִבּ֥וֹת בְּֽנֵי־אָדָֽם׃‬

The grave and destruction are before the Lord;

How much more the hearts of the sons of Adam!

destruction: Hebrew Abaddon; compare Rev 9:11.
Prov 15:12 ‫לֹ֣א יֶאֱהַב־לֵ֭ץ הוֹכֵ֣חַֽ ל֑וֹ אֶל־חֲ֝כָמִ֗ים לֹ֣א יֵלֵֽךְ׃‬

The mocker does not love him who reproves him;

He does not go to the wise.

Prov 15:13 ‫לֵ֣ב שָׂ֭מֵחַ יֵיטִ֣ב פָּנִ֑ים וּבְעַצְּבַת־לֵ֝ב ר֣וּחַ נְכֵאָֽה׃‬

A joyful heart makes the face cheerful,

But in a sorrowful heart is a dejected spirit.

a sorrowful heart ← sorrow of heart.
Prov 15:14 ‫לֵ֣ב נָ֭בוֹן יְבַקֶּשׁ־דָּ֑עַת *ופני **וּפִ֥י כְ֝סִילִ֗ים יִרְעֶ֥ה אִוֶּֽלֶת׃‬

An astute mind seeks knowledge,

But a fool's {K: face} [Q: mouth] feeds on nonsense.

mind ← heart.
Prov 15:15 ‫כָּל־יְמֵ֣י עָנִ֣י רָעִ֑ים וְטֽוֹב־לֵ֝֗ב מִשְׁתֶּ֥ה תָמִֽיד׃‬

All the days of a poor man are bad,

But he of a good heart has a continual banquet.

Prov 15:16 ‫טוֹב־מְ֭עַט בְּיִרְאַ֣ת יְהוָ֑ה מֵאוֹצָ֥ר רָ֝֗ב וּמְה֥וּמָה בֽוֹ׃‬

It is better to have little,

With fear of the Lord,

Than great treasure,

But turmoil with it.

Prov 15:17 ‫ט֤וֹב אֲרֻחַ֣ת יָ֭רָק וְאַהֲבָה־שָׁ֑ם מִשּׁ֥וֹר אָ֝ב֗וּס וְשִׂנְאָה־בֽוֹ׃‬

A meal of vegetables

Where there is love

Is better than a fatted ox

Where there is hatred.

where there is hatred ← and hatred in it.
Prov 15:18 ‫אִ֣ישׁ חֵ֭מָה יְגָרֶ֣ה מָד֑וֹן וְאֶ֥רֶך אַ֝פַּ֗יִם יַשְׁקִ֥יט רִֽיב׃‬

A bad-tempered man will stir up strife,

But forbearance quietens a quarrel.

bad-tempered man ← man of wrath.

forbearance ← length of temper.

The alliteration (stir ... strife, quieten ... quarrel) was not deliberate.
Prov 15:19 ‫דֶּ֣רֶךְ עָ֭צֵל כִּמְשֻׂ֣כַת חָ֑דֶק וְאֹ֖רַח יְשָׁרִ֣ים סְלֻלָֽה׃‬

The way of the lazy is a hedge of thorns,

But the path of the upright is a highway.

a highway ← raised, or re-point as סֺלְלָה, a rampart.
Prov 15:20 ‫בֵּ֣ן חָ֭כָם יְשַׂמַּח־אָ֑ב וּכְסִ֥יל אָ֝דָ֗ם בּוֹזֶ֥ה אִמּֽוֹ׃‬

A wise son brings joy to the father,

But a foolish man despises his mother.

Prov 15:21 ‫אִ֭וֶּלֶת שִׂמְחָ֣ה לַחֲסַר־לֵ֑ב וְאִ֥ישׁ תְּ֝בוּנָ֗ה יְיַשֶׁר־לָֽכֶת׃‬

Foolishness is joy to the weak-minded,

But a man of understanding walks in uprightness.

weak-minded ← lacking heart.

walks in uprightness ← makes going straight.
Prov 15:22 ‫הָפֵ֣ר מַ֭חֲשָׁבוֹת בְּאֵ֣ין ס֑וֹד וּבְרֹ֖ב יוֹעֲצִ֣ים תָּקֽוּם׃‬

Projects fail for lack of consultation,

But you will prosper if you have plenty of counsellors.

fail: infinitive absolute in the role of a finite verb.

prosper ← rise, but with wider scope. AV differs (they are established).

if you haveby.
Prov 15:23 ‫שִׂמְחָ֣ה לָ֭אִישׁ בְּמַעֲנֵה־פִ֑יו וְדָבָ֖ר בְּעִתּ֣וֹ מַה־טּֽוֹב׃‬

A man's joy comes from the aptness of his speech,

And how good a word in season is!

aptness of his speech ← answer / intent of his mouth, so answerableness.

in season ← in its season.
Prov 15:24 ‫אֹ֣רַח חַ֭יִּים לְמַ֣עְלָה לְמַשְׂכִּ֑יל לְמַ֥עַן ס֝֗וּר מִשְּׁא֥וֹל מָֽטָּה׃‬

The way of life to the sensible is upwards,

So as to avoid the grave below.

avoid ← depart from.
Prov 15:25 ‫בֵּ֣ית גֵּ֭אִים יִסַּ֥ח ׀ יְהוָ֑ה וְ֝יַצֵּ֗ב גְּב֣וּל אַלְמָנָֽה׃‬

The Lord will pluck the house of the proud away,

But he will appoint an estate for the widow.

estate ← boundary.

for ← of. Wider use of the construct state.
Prov 15:26 ‫תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת יְ֭הוָה מַחְשְׁב֣וֹת רָ֑ע וּ֝טְהֹרִ֗ים אִמְרֵי־נֹֽעַם׃‬

The thoughts of the evil man are an abomination to the Lord,

But pleasant words are pure.

abomination to ← abomination of.

pleasant words ← words of pleasantness, a Hebraic genitive.

pleasant words are pure: or the pure (utter) pleasant words. AV differs (the words of the pure are pleasant words).
Prov 15:27 ‫עֹכֵ֣ר בֵּ֭יתוֹ בּוֹצֵ֣עַ בָּ֑צַע וְשׂוֹנֵ֖א מַתָּנֹ֣ת יִחְיֶֽה׃‬

He who engages in robbery

Brings trouble on his household,

But he who hates bribes

Will live.

bribes ← gifts.
Prov 15:28 ‫לֵ֣ב צַ֭דִּיק יֶהְגֶּ֣ה לַעֲנ֑וֹת וּפִ֥י רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים יַבִּ֥יעַ רָעֽוֹת׃‬

A righteous heart meditates on how to give an answer,

But the mouth of the wicked exudes evil things.

Prov 15:29 ‫רָח֣וֹק יְ֭הוָה מֵרְשָׁעִ֑ים וּתְפִלַּ֖ת צַדִּיקִ֣ים יִשְׁמָֽע׃‬

The Lord is far away from the wicked,

But he hears the prayer of the righteous.

Prov 15:30 ‫מְֽאוֹר־עֵ֭ינַיִם יְשַׂמַּֽח־לֵ֑ב שְׁמוּעָ֥ה ט֝וֹבָ֗ה תְּדַשֶּׁן־עָֽצֶם׃‬

The light of the eyes makes the heart glad,

And a good report heard nourishes a person.

the light of the eyes: i.e. what is seen.

nourishes ← fattens.

person ← bone; body.
Prov 15:31 ‫אֹ֗זֶן שֹׁ֭מַעַת תּוֹכַ֣חַת חַיִּ֑ים בְּקֶ֖רֶב חֲכָמִ֣ים תָּלִֽין׃‬

An ear that hears reproof which gives life

Will dwell in the company of the wise.

reproof which gives life ← reproof of life. Wider use of the construct state.
Prov 15:32 ‫פּוֹרֵ֣עַ מ֭וּסָר מוֹאֵ֣ס נַפְשׁ֑וֹ וְשׁוֹמֵ֥עַ תּ֝וֹכַ֗חַת ק֣וֹנֶה לֵּֽב׃‬

He who disregards correction

Rejects his own self,

But he who heeds reproof

Acquires inward understanding.

self ← soul.

inward understanding ← a heart.
Prov 15:33 ‫יִרְאַ֣ת יְ֭הוָה מוּסַ֣ר חָכְמָ֑ה וְלִפְנֵ֖י כָב֣וֹד עֲנָוָֽה׃‬

The fear of the Lord yields wise reproof,

And before honour can come,

Meekness is warranted.

wise reproof ← reproof of wisdom, a Hebraic subjective genitive (wisdom reproves).
Prov 16:1 ‫לְאָדָ֥ם מַֽעַרְכֵי־לֵ֑ב וּ֝מֵיְהוָ֗ה מַעֲנֵ֥ה לָשֽׁוֹן׃‬

Man has resolutions,

But from the Lord comes the spoken answer.

resolutions ← arrangements of heart.

spoken answer ← answer of the tongue.
Prov 16:2 ‫כָּֽל־דַּרְכֵי־אִ֭ישׁ זַ֣ךְ בְּעֵינָ֑יו וְתֹכֵ֖ן רוּח֣וֹת יְהוָֽה׃‬

All man's ways are pure in his own eyes,

But the Lord assesses the nature of spirits.

assesses ← weighs.
Prov 16:3 ‫גֹּ֣ל אֶל־יְהוָ֣ה מַעֲשֶׂ֑יךָ וְ֝יִכֹּ֗נוּ מַחְשְׁבֹתֶֽיךָ׃‬

Commit your deeds to the Lord,

And your thoughts will be well-grounded.

commit ← roll.

well-grounded ← made firm.
Prov 16:4 ‫כֹּ֤ל פָּעַ֣ל יְ֭הוָה לַֽמַּעֲנֵ֑הוּ וְגַם־רָ֝שָׁ֗ע לְי֣וֹם רָעָֽה׃‬

The Lord has made everything for his own purpose,

Including even the wicked one for the day of evil.

purpose ← answer, but also intent, purpose. See Prov 15:23.
Prov 16:5 ‫תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת יְ֭הוָה כָּל־גְּבַהּ־לֵ֑ב יָ֥ד לְ֝יָ֗ד לֹ֣א יִנָּקֶֽה׃‬

Everyone of a haughty heart is an abomination to the Lord,

And he who colludes with them will not be held innocent.

abomination to: see Prov 15:26.

he who colludes ← hand to hand. AV differs somewhat.
Prov 16:6 ‫בְּחֶ֣סֶד וֶ֭אֱמֶת יְכֻפַּ֣ר עָוֺ֑ן וּבְיִרְאַ֥ת יְ֝הוָ֗ה ס֣וּר מֵרָֽע׃‬

Iniquity is atoned for by kindness and truth,

And by fear of the Lord,

So as to depart from evil.

Prov 16:7 ‫בִּרְצ֣וֹת יְ֭הוָה דַּרְכֵי־אִ֑ישׁ גַּם־א֝וֹיְבָ֗יו יַשְׁלִ֥ם אִתּֽוֹ׃‬

When a man's ways are pleasing to the Lord,

He will cause even that man's enemies to be at peace with him.

pleasing to ← the pleasure of.

even that man'salso his.
Prov 16:8 ‫טוֹב־מְ֭עַט בִּצְדָקָ֑ה מֵרֹ֥ב תְּ֝בוּא֗וֹת בְּלֹ֣א מִשְׁפָּֽט׃‬

A little obtained righteously is better

Than abundance of produce obtained unjustly.

Prov 16:9 ‫לֵ֣ב אָ֭דָם יְחַשֵּׁ֣ב דַּרְכּ֑וֹ וַֽ֝יהוָ֗ה יָכִ֥ין צַעֲדֽוֹ׃‬

A man's heart plans his course,

But it is the Lord who directs his steps.

Prov 16:10 ‫קֶ֤סֶם ׀ עַֽל־שִׂפְתֵי־מֶ֑לֶךְ בְּ֝מִשְׁפָּ֗ט לֹ֣א יִמְעַל־פִּֽיו׃‬

When there is an oracle on the lips of a king,

His pronouncement will not be perverse in jurisdiction.

pronouncement ← mouth.
Prov 16:11 ‫פֶּ֤לֶס ׀ וּמֹאזְנֵ֣י מִ֭שְׁפָּט לַֽיהוָ֑ה מַ֝עֲשֵׂ֗הוּ כָּל־אַבְנֵי־כִֽיס׃‬

The Lord has a just balance and scales;

All the weights of the bag are his work.

weights ← stones.
Prov 16:12 ‫תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת מְ֭לָכִים עֲשׂ֣וֹת רֶ֑שַׁע כִּ֥י בִ֝צְדָקָ֗ה יִכּ֥וֹן כִּסֵּֽא׃‬

It is an abomination to kings to act wickedly,

For his throne is established on the basis of righteousness.

an abomination to kings ← an abomination of kings. Wider use of the construct state. A subjective genitive (kings abominate).

act wickedly ← do wickedness.
Prov 16:13 ‫רְצ֣וֹן מְ֭לָכִים שִׂפְתֵי־צֶ֑דֶק וְדֹבֵ֖ר יְשָׁרִ֣ים יֶאֱהָֽב׃‬

Just pronouncements are the delight of kings,

And he loves him who speaks uprightly.

pronouncements ← lips.

he loves: AV differs (they love). Perhaps understand each loves.

uprightly ← upright (things).
Prov 16:14 ‫חֲמַת־מֶ֥לֶךְ מַלְאֲכֵי־מָ֑וֶת וְאִ֖ישׁ חָכָ֣ם יְכַפְּרֶֽנָּה׃‬

The wrath of a king is like angels of death,

But a wise man will appease it.

Prov 16:15 ‫בְּאוֹר־פְּנֵי־מֶ֥לֶךְ חַיִּ֑ים וּ֝רְצוֹנ֗וֹ כְּעָ֣ב מַלְקֽוֹשׁ׃‬

In the light of the appearance of the king is life,

And acceptance by him is like a cloud of latter rain.

appearance ← face.

acceptance by him ← his acceptance. A subjective genitive (he accepts).
Prov 16:16 ‫קְֽנֹה־חָכְמָ֗ה מַה־טּ֥וֹב מֵחָר֑וּץ וּקְנ֥וֹת בִּ֝ינָ֗ה נִבְחָ֥ר מִכָּֽסֶף׃‬

How much better it is to acquire wisdom than pure gold,

And how preferable to acquire understanding than silver!

to acquire (first occurrence in verse): a rare infinitive construct form, also seen in Prov 21:3.
Prov 16:17 ‫מְסִלַּ֣ת יְ֭שָׁרִים ס֣וּר מֵרָ֑ע שֹׁמֵ֥ר נַ֝פְשׁ֗וֹ נֹצֵ֥ר דַּרְכּֽוֹ׃‬

The course of the upright is to depart from evil;

He who guards his way keeps his life safe.

life ← soul.
Prov 16:18 ‫לִפְנֵי־שֶׁ֥בֶר גָּא֑וֹן וְלִפְנֵ֥י כִ֝שָּׁל֗וֹן גֹּ֣בַהּ רֽוּחַ׃‬

Pride comes before a disaster,

And a haughty spirit before ruin.

a disaster ← breakage.

a haughty spirit ← height of spirit.
Prov 16:19 ‫ט֣וֹב שְׁפַל־ר֭וּחַ אֶת־*עניים **עֲנָוִ֑ים מֵֽחַלֵּ֥ק שָׁ֝לָ֗ל אֶת־גֵּאִֽים׃‬

It is better to be of a lowly spirit with the {Q: meek} [K: poor]

Than to share spoil with the proud.

The ketiv / qeré issue is a yod / vav issue.
Prov 16:20 ‫מַשְׂכִּ֣יל עַל־דָּ֭בָר יִמְצָא־ט֑וֹב וּבוֹטֵ֖חַ בַּיהוָ֣ה אַשְׁרָֽיו׃‬

He who acts sensibly in a matter will find good,

And happy is he who trusts in the Lord.

Prov 16:21 ‫לַחֲכַם־לֵ֭ב יִקָּרֵ֣א נָב֑וֹן וּמֶ֥תֶק שְׂ֝פָתַ֗יִם יֹסִ֥יף לֶֽקַח׃‬

The wise in heart will be called astute,

And sweet lips add to learning.

wise in heart ← wise of heart. Wider use of the construct state.

sweet lips ← sweetness of lips.
Prov 16:22 ‫מְק֣וֹר חַ֭יִּים שֵׂ֣כֶל בְּעָלָ֑יו וּמוּסַ֖ר אֱוִלִ֣ים אִוֶּֽלֶת׃‬

Insight is a source of life to those who possess it,

But correction by fools

Is simply foolishness.

correction by fools ← correction of fools. Wider use of the construct state. A subjective genitive (fools correct). An objective genitive is also possible (correcting fools), in the sense of casting pearls before swine (Matt 7:6).
Prov 16:23 ‫לֵ֣ב חָ֭כָם יַשְׂכִּ֣יל פִּ֑יהוּ וְעַל־שְׂ֝פָתָ֗יו יֹסִ֥יף לֶֽקַח׃‬

A wise heart instructs one's mouth,

And adds learning to one's lips.

one's mouth: i.e. what to say.
Prov 16:24 ‫צוּף־דְּ֭בַשׁ אִמְרֵי־נֹ֑עַם מָת֥וֹק לַ֝נֶּפֶשׁ וּמַרְפֵּ֥א לָעָֽצֶם׃‬

Pleasant words are a honeycomb

– Sweet to one's sentiments,

And healing to the body.

pleasant words ← words of pleasantness, a Hebraic genitive.

one's sentiments ← the soul.
Prov 16:25 ‫יֵ֤שׁ דֶּ֣רֶךְ יָ֭שָׁר לִפְנֵי־אִ֑ישׁ וְ֝אַחֲרִיתָ֗הּ דַּרְכֵי־מָֽוֶת׃‬

There is a way which seems right from man's perspective,

But its end is the ways of death.

from man's perspective ← to man's face.

Compare Prov 14:12.
Prov 16:26 ‫נֶ֣פֶשׁ עָ֭מֵל עָ֣מְלָה לּ֑וֹ כִּֽי־אָכַ֖ף עָלָ֣יו פִּֽיהוּ׃‬

A person who toils

Toils for himself,

For his aspirations urge him on.

person ← soul.

his aspirations urge him on ← his mouth presses down on him.
Prov 16:27 ‫אִ֣ישׁ בְּ֭לִיַּעַל כֹּרֶ֣ה רָעָ֑ה וְעַל־*שפתיו **שְׂ֝פָת֗וֹ כְּאֵ֣שׁ צָרָֽבֶת׃‬

A useless man plots evil,

And what is on his {K: lips} [Q: lip] is like a scorching fire.

plots ← digs.

a scorching fire ← a fire of scorching, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 16:28 ‫אִ֣ישׁ תַּ֭הְפֻּכוֹת יְשַׁלַּ֣ח מָד֑וֹן וְ֝נִרְגָּ֗ן מַפְרִ֥יד אַלּֽוּף׃‬

A subversive man launches into contention,

And a gossipmonger separates friends.

subversive man ← man of subversions, a Hebraic genitive.

friends ← a friend.
Prov 16:29 ‫אִ֣ישׁ חָ֭מָס יְפַתֶּ֣ה רֵעֵ֑הוּ וְ֝הוֹלִיכ֗וֹ בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ לֹא־טֽוֹב׃‬

A malevolent man deceives his neighbour

And leads him on a way which is not good.

malevolent ← violent, but here figuratively.
Prov 16:30 ‫עֹצֶ֣ה עֵ֭ינָיו לַחְשֹׁ֣ב תַּהְפֻּכ֑וֹת קֹרֵ֥ץ שְׂ֝פָתָ֗יו כִּלָּ֥ה רָעָֽה׃‬

He who shuts his eyes

So as to contemplate subversion

Seals his lips

And concludes evil intent.

seals ← presses together.
Prov 16:31 ‫עֲטֶ֣רֶת תִּפְאֶ֣רֶת שֵׂיבָ֑ה בְּדֶ֥רֶךְ צְ֝דָקָ֗ה תִּמָּצֵֽא׃‬

Grey hairs constitute a crown of splendour

If it is acquired on the righteous way.

acquired ← found, but also acquired.
Prov 16:32 ‫ט֤וֹב אֶ֣רֶךְ אַ֭פַּיִם מִגִּבּ֑וֹר וּמֹשֵׁ֥ל בְּ֝רוּח֗וֹ מִלֹּכֵ֥ד עִֽיר׃‬

A man of forbearance is better than a warrior,

And one who can control his spirit

Is better than one who can capture a city.

Prov 16:33 ‫בַּ֭חֵיק יוּטַ֣ל אֶת־הַגּוֹרָ֑ל וּ֝מֵיְהוָ֗ה כָּל־מִשְׁפָּטֽוֹ׃‬

One's lot is cast into the lap,

But from the Lord comes all his judgment.

Prov 17:1 ‫ט֤וֹב פַּ֣ת חֲ֭רֵבָה וְשַׁלְוָה־בָ֑הּ מִ֝בַּ֗יִת מָלֵ֥א זִבְחֵי־רִֽיב׃‬

A dry morsel when there is calm with it

Is better than a house full of meat with strife.

meat with ← sacrifices of, but also used of slaughter for meat. Wider use of the construct state.
Prov 17:2 ‫עֶֽבֶד־מַשְׂכִּ֗יל יִ֭מְשֹׁל בְּבֵ֣ן מֵבִ֑ישׁ וּבְת֥וֹךְ אַ֝חִ֗ים יַחֲלֹ֥ק נַחֲלָֽה׃‬

An intelligent servant will rule over a son who causes shame,

And he will have a share of the inheritance among the brothers.

Prov 17:3 ‫מַצְרֵ֣ף לַ֭כֶּסֶף וְכ֣וּר לַזָּהָ֑ב וּבֹחֵ֖ן לִבּ֣וֹת יְהוָֽה׃‬

The crucible is for silver,

And the furnace for gold,

But it is the Lord who tests hearts.

Prov 17:4 ‫מֵ֭רַע מַקְשִׁ֣יב עַל־שְׂפַת־אָ֑וֶן שֶׁ֥קֶר מֵ֝זִין עַל־לְשׁ֥וֹן הַוֺּֽת׃‬

An evildoer heeds unprofitable lips,

And a lie feeds a perverse tongue.

unprofitable lips ... perverse tongue ← a lip of nothingness ... a tongue of perversities, Hebraic genitives.

lie: AV differs, liar, but only here; elsewhere lie or similar.

feeds: AV differs (giveth ear). We take the verb as הֵזִין, root זוּן, not AV's הֶאֱזִין. AV's reading cannot be ruled out.
Prov 17:5 ‫לֹעֵ֣ג לָ֭רָשׁ חֵרֵ֣ף עֹשֵׂ֑הוּ שָׂמֵ֥חַ לְ֝אֵ֗יד לֹ֣א יִנָּקֶֽה׃‬

He who mocks the poor

Reproaches his maker;

He who rejoices in another's calamity

Will not be absolved.

Prov 17:6 ‫עֲטֶ֣רֶת זְ֭קֵנִים בְּנֵ֣י בָנִ֑ים וְתִפְאֶ֖רֶת בָּנִ֣ים אֲבוֹתָֽם׃‬

Grandchildren are the crown of old men,

And the glory of sons is their fathers.

grandchildren ← sons of sons, so grandsons.

fathers: including forefathers.
Prov 17:7 ‫לֹא־נָאוָ֣ה לְנָבָ֣ל שְׂפַת־יֶ֑תֶר אַ֝֗ף כִּֽי־לְנָדִ֥יב שְׂפַת־שָֽׁקֶר׃‬

Verbosity is not becoming to an irreverent man;

How much less lying lips to a well-bred man!

verbosity ← a lip of abundance.

lying lips ← a lying lip.
Prov 17:8 ‫אֶֽבֶן־חֵ֣ן הַ֭שֹּׁחַד בְּעֵינֵ֣י בְעָלָ֑יו אֶֽל־כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֖ר יִפְנֶ֣ה יַשְׂכִּֽיל׃‬

A gift is a beautiful gemstone in the eyes of its owner;

Wherever he turns,

He considers it.

a beautiful gemstone ← a stone of grace, a Hebraic genitive.

he ... he considers it: AV differs (it ... it prospers).
Prov 17:9 ‫מְֽכַסֶּה־פֶּ֭שַׁע מְבַקֵּ֣שׁ אַהֲבָ֑ה וְשֹׁנֶ֥ה בְ֝דָבָ֗ר מַפְרִ֥יד אַלּֽוּף׃‬

He who pardons a transgression

Seeks love,

But he who is fickle in a matter

Alienates friends.

pardons ← covers.

is fickle: or repeats. Compare Prov 24:21.

alienates friends ← separates a friend.
Prov 17:10 ‫תֵּ֣חַת גְּעָרָ֣ה בְמֵבִ֑ין מֵהַכּ֖וֹת כְּסִ֣יל מֵאָֽה׃‬

A rebuke is more effective

With one who has understanding

Than a hundred beatings

With a fool.

is ... effective ← descends; lands (home).

with a fool ← of a fool. Wider use of the construct state.
Prov 17:11 ‫אַךְ־מְרִ֥י יְבַקֶּשׁ־רָ֑ע וּמַלְאָ֥ךְ אַ֝כְזָרִ֗י יְשֻׁלַּח־בּֽוֹ׃‬

Surely rebellion invites trouble,

And a cruel emissary will be sent against it.

invites ← seeks.

AV differs in several respects which are also possible.
Prov 17:12 ‫פָּג֬וֹשׁ דֹּ֣ב שַׁכּ֣וּל בְּאִ֑ישׁ וְאַל־כְּ֝סִ֗יל בְּאִוַּלְתּֽוֹ׃‬

May a bereaved bear meet a man

Rather than that a fool in his stupidity should meet him.

may ... meet: infinitive absolute in the role of the jussive.

rather than ← and not.
Prov 17:13 ‫מֵשִׁ֣יב רָ֭עָה תַּ֣חַת טוֹבָ֑ה לֹא־*תמיש **תָמ֥וּשׁ רָ֝עָ֗ה מִבֵּיתֽוֹ׃‬

As for him who requites evil for good,

Evil will not retreat from his house.

retreat: a yod / vav issue, but the meanings are the same.
Prov 17:14 ‫פּ֣וֹטֵֽר מַ֭יִם רֵאשִׁ֣ית מָד֑וֹן וְלִפְנֵ֥י הִ֝תְגַּלַּ֗ע הָרִ֥יב נְטֽוֹשׁ׃‬

The beginning of strife is like when one lets water escape,

So abandon the quarrel before it becomes heated.

becomes heated: AV differs (be meddled with).
Prov 17:15 ‫מַצְדִּ֣יק רָ֭שָׁע וּמַרְשִׁ֣יעַ צַדִּ֑יק תּוֹעֲבַ֥ת יְ֝הוָ֗ה גַּם־שְׁנֵיהֶֽם׃‬

He who justifies a wicked man,

And he who condemns a righteous man

Are both an abomination to the Lord.

both ← also both, giving emphasis, both, each for their part.

abomination to ← abomination of. Wider use of the construct state.
Prov 17:16 ‫לָמָּה־זֶּ֣ה מְחִ֣יר בְּיַד־כְּסִ֑יל לִקְנ֖וֹת חָכְמָ֣ה וְלֶב־אָֽיִן׃‬

Why, then, is there a payment in a fool's hand to buy wisdom

When he has no heart to receive it?

payment ← price.
Prov 17:17 ‫בְּכָל־עֵ֭ת אֹהֵ֣ב הָרֵ֑עַ וְאָ֥ח לְ֝צָרָ֗ה יִוָּלֵֽד׃‬

A friend shows love at all times,

And a brother is born for adversity.

a friend ← the friend. An unexpected definite article. See Gen 22:9.
Prov 17:18 ‫אָדָ֣ם חֲסַר־לֵ֭ב תּוֹקֵ֣עַ כָּ֑ף עֹרֵ֥ב עֲ֝רֻבָּ֗ה לִפְנֵ֥י רֵעֵֽהוּ׃‬

A weak-minded man strikes a deal

And offers security in the presence of his neighbour.

weak-minded ← lacking heart.

a deal ← palm (of hand).
Prov 17:19 ‫אֹ֣הֵֽב פֶּ֭שַׁע אֹהֵ֣ב מַצָּ֑ה מַגְבִּ֥יהַּ פִּ֝תְח֗וֹ מְבַקֶּשׁ־שָֽׁבֶר׃‬

He who loves transgression

Loves a quarrel,

And he who has a high door

Courts disaster.

has a high door ← makes his entrance high, i.e. flaunts his wealth.

courts ← seeks.
Prov 17:20 ‫עִקֶּשׁ־לֵ֭ב לֹ֣א יִמְצָא־ט֑וֹב וְנֶהְפָּ֥ךְ בִּ֝לְשׁוֹנ֗וֹ יִפּ֥וֹל בְּרָעָֽה׃‬

He who is of a perverse heart

Will not find good,

And he who is subversive with his tongue

Will fall into evil.

Prov 17:21 ‫יֹלֵ֣ד כְּ֭סִיל לְת֣וּגָה ל֑וֹ וְלֹֽא־יִ֝שְׂמַ֗ח אֲבִ֣י נָבָֽל׃‬

If one begets a fool,

It will be sorrow for him,

And the father of an irreverent son

Does not have joy.

Prov 17:22 ‫לֵ֣ב שָׂ֭מֵחַ יֵיטִ֣ב גֵּהָ֑ה וְר֥וּחַ נְ֝כֵאָ֗ה תְּיַבֶּשׁ־גָּֽרֶם׃‬

A joyful heart brings good healing,

But a dejected spirit parches the human frame.

Prov 17:23 ‫שֹׁ֣חַד מֵ֭חֵיק רָשָׁ֣ע יִקָּ֑ח לְ֝הַטּ֗וֹת אָרְח֥וֹת מִשְׁפָּֽט׃‬

A wicked man takes a bribe out of the lap

To pervert the course of justice.

the lap: where the purse is kept.

course ← paths.
Prov 17:24 ‫אֶת־פְּנֵ֣י מֵבִ֣ין חָכְמָ֑ה וְעֵינֵ֥י כְ֝סִ֗יל בִּקְצֵה־אָֽרֶץ׃‬

Wisdom is in prospect to him who understands,

But the eyes of a fool are fixed on the end of the earth.

Prov 17:25 ‫כַּ֣עַס לְ֭אָבִיו בֵּ֣ן כְּסִ֑יל וּ֝מֶ֗מֶר לְיוֹלַדְתּֽוֹ׃‬

A foolish son is a frustration to his father

And an exasperation to her who gave birth to him.

Prov 17:26 ‫גַּ֤ם עֲנ֣וֹשׁ לַצַּדִּ֣יק לֹא־ט֑וֹב לְהַכּ֖וֹת נְדִיבִ֣ים עַל־יֹֽשֶׁר׃‬

It is not right at all to punish the righteous,

Or to beat the noble-minded for their uprightness.

at all ← also, but with wider, intensifying, scope.
Prov 17:27 ‫חוֹשֵׂ֣ךְ אֲ֭מָרָיו יוֹדֵ֣עַ דָּ֑עַת *וקר־**יְקַר־ר֝֗וּחַ אִ֣ישׁ תְּבוּנָֽה׃‬

He who possesses knowledge is sparing with his speeches,

{Q: And} [K: And] a man of understanding is of a {Q: highly prized} [K: cool] spirit.

The ketiv / qeré issue is a vav / yod issue.
Prov 17:28 ‫גַּ֤ם אֱוִ֣יל מַ֭חֲרִישׁ חָכָ֣ם יֵחָשֵׁ֑ב אֹטֵ֖ם שְׂפָתָ֣יו נָבֽוֹן׃‬

Even a fool who is silent

Is considered wise,

And he who seals his lips,

Astute.

Prov 18:1 ‫לְֽ֭תַאֲוָה יְבַקֵּ֣שׁ נִפְרָ֑ד בְּכָל־תּ֝וּשִׁיָּ֗ה יִתְגַּלָּֽע׃‬

A recluse seeks to fulfil his yearning,

And despite all his resourcefulness,

He flares up.

recluse ← separated (man).

AV differs in some respects.
Prov 18:2 ‫לֹֽא־יַחְפֹּ֣ץ כְּ֭סִיל בִּתְבוּנָ֑ה כִּ֝֗י אִֽם־בְּהִתְגַּלּ֥וֹת לִבּֽוֹ׃‬

A fool does not take delight in understanding,

But in laying open his heart.

in laying open: gerundial use of the infinitive.
Prov 18:3 ‫בְּֽבוֹא־רָ֭שָׁע בָּ֣א גַם־בּ֑וּז וְֽעִם־קָל֥וֹן חֶרְפָּֽה׃‬

When a wicked man comes,

Contempt comes too,

And with shame comes reproach.

AV differs somewhat.
Prov 18:4 ‫מַ֣יִם עֲ֭מֻקִּים דִּבְרֵ֣י פִי־אִ֑ישׁ נַ֥חַל נֹ֝בֵ֗עַ מְק֣וֹר חָכְמָֽה׃‬

The words of a man's mouth are deep waters,

And the source of wisdom is a gushing stream.

and: perhaps supply but.
Prov 18:5 ‫שְׂאֵ֣ת פְּנֵי־רָשָׁ֣ע לֹא־ט֑וֹב לְהַטּ֥וֹת צַ֝דִּ֗יק בַּמִּשְׁפָּֽט׃‬

To show partiality to the wicked is not good,

Nor is it to pervert the course of justice of the righteous man.

to show partiality to ← to lift the face of.

to pervert the course of justice of the righteous ← to divert the righteous in justice.
Prov 18:6 ‫שִׂפְתֵ֣י כְ֭סִיל יָבֹ֣אֽוּ בְרִ֑יב וּ֝פִ֗יו לְֽמַהֲלֻמ֥וֹת יִקְרָֽא׃‬

The lips of the fool enter into a quarrel,

And his mouth calls out for beatings.

Prov 18:7 ‫פִּֽי־כְ֭סִיל מְחִתָּה־ל֑וֹ וּ֝שְׂפָתָ֗יו מוֹקֵ֥שׁ נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃‬

The fool's mouth is his ruin,

And his lips are a trap for his life.

a trap for ← a trap of. Wider use of the construct state.

life ← soul.
Prov 18:8 ‫דִּבְרֵ֣י נִ֭רְגָּן כְּמִֽתְלַהֲמִ֑ים וְ֝הֵ֗ם יָרְד֥וּ חַדְרֵי־בָֽטֶן׃‬

The words of a gossipmonger are like delicacies,

Which go down to the inner parts of the belly.

delicacies: as [AnLx]; [BDB]= dainties. AV differs (wounds).
Prov 18:9 ‫גַּ֭ם מִתְרַפֶּ֣ה בִמְלַאכְתּ֑וֹ אָ֥ח ה֝֗וּא לְבַ֣עַל מַשְׁחִֽית׃‬

Also he who is slack in his work

Is a brother to a ruinous man.

ruinous man ← possessor of ruination.
Prov 18:10 ‫מִגְדַּל־עֹ֭ז שֵׁ֣ם יְהוָ֑ה בּֽוֹ־יָר֖וּץ צַדִּ֣יק וְנִשְׂגָּֽב׃‬

The name of the Lord is a tower of strength.

To him the righteous man runs

And is set on high.

Prov 18:11 ‫ה֣וֹן עָ֭שִׁיר קִרְיַ֣ת עֻזּ֑וֹ וּכְחוֹמָ֥ה נִ֝שְׂגָּבָ֗ה בְּמַשְׂכִּיתֽוֹ׃‬

A rich man's wealth is his strong town,

And it is like a high wall in his imagination.

imagination: AV differs somewhat (conceit).
Prov 18:12 ‫לִפְנֵי־שֶׁ֭בֶר יִגְבַּ֣הּ לֵב־אִ֑ישׁ וְלִפְנֵ֖י כָב֣וֹד עֲנָוָֽה׃‬

A man's heart is haughty before a disaster,

But meekness is warranted before honour.

a disaster ← breakage.
Prov 18:13 ‫מֵשִׁ֣יב דָּ֭בָר בְּטֶ֣רֶם יִשְׁמָ֑ע אִוֶּ֥לֶת הִיא־ל֝֗וֹ וּכְלִמָּֽה׃‬

When one gives an answer before he has heard,

It is foolishness and ignominy to his account.

Prov 18:14 ‫רֽוּחַ־אִ֭ישׁ יְכַלְכֵּ֣ל מַחֲלֵ֑הוּ וְר֥וּחַ נְ֝כֵאָ֗ה מִ֣י יִשָּׂאֶֽנָּה׃‬

The spirit of a man sustains him in his infirmity,

But as for a dejected spirit,

Who can endure it?

Prov 18:15 ‫לֵ֣ב נָ֭בוֹן יִקְנֶה־דָּ֑עַת וְאֹ֥זֶן חֲ֝כָמִ֗ים תְּבַקֶּשׁ־דָּֽעַת׃‬

An understanding heart acquires knowledge,

And it is knowledge that the ear of the wise seeks.

knowledge ... knowledge: otiose, but see Gen 12:5.
Prov 18:16 ‫מַתָּ֣ן אָ֭דָם יַרְחִ֣יב ל֑וֹ וְלִפְנֵ֖י גְדֹלִ֣ים יַנְחֶֽנּוּ׃‬

A gift from a man provides relief for him

And leads him to the presence of the great.

provides relief for ← widens.
Prov 18:17 ‫צַדִּ֣יק הָרִאשׁ֣וֹן בְּרִיב֑וֹ *יבא־**וּבָֽא־רֵ֝עֵ֗הוּ וַחֲקָרֽוֹ׃‬

The first to state his case seems right in his lawsuit,

{K: But} [Q: But] when his neighbour comes,

He investigates him.

The ketiv / qeré issue is a yod / vav issue.

lawsuit ← quarrel.
Prov 18:18 ‫מִ֭דְיָנִים יַשְׁבִּ֣ית הַגּוֹרָ֑ל וּבֵ֖ין עֲצוּמִ֣ים יַפְרִֽיד׃‬

The lot as determined puts an end to disputes,

And it parts great men.

parts ← parts between.
Prov 18:19 ‫אָ֗ח נִפְשָׁ֥ע מִקִּרְיַת־עֹ֑ז *ומדונים **וּ֝מִדְיָנִ֗ים כִּבְרִ֥יחַ אַרְמֽוֹן׃‬

An offended brother is more difficult to win over

Than a strong town,

As are arguments

Than a castle gate bolt.

arguments: the ketiv and qeré are similar words with the same meaning. Prov 6:14 is similar, but with scriptio defectiva in the ketiv.
Prov 18:20 ‫מִפְּרִ֣י פִי־אִ֭ישׁ תִּשְׂבַּ֣ע בִּטְנ֑וֹ תְּבוּאַ֖ת שְׂפָתָ֣יו יִשְׂבָּֽע׃‬

By the fruit of a man's mouth

His stomach will be satisfied,

And by the produce of his lips

He will be satiated.

satisfied ... satiated ← satisfied ... satisfied. Otiose, but see Gen 12:5.
Prov 18:21 ‫מָ֣וֶת וְ֭חַיִּים בְּיַד־לָשׁ֑וֹן וְ֝אֹהֲבֶ֗יהָ יֹאכַ֥ל פִּרְיָֽהּ׃‬

Life and death are in the power of the tongue,

And those who love it

Will eat its fruit.

life and death ← death and life.

eat its fruit: i.e. reap the consequences (good or bad).
Prov 18:22 ‫מָצָ֣א אִ֭שָּׁה מָ֣צָא ט֑וֹב וַיָּ֥פֶק רָ֝צ֗וֹן מֵיְהוָֽה׃‬

He who has found a wife

Has found something good

And has received goodwill from the Lord.

Prov 18:23 ‫תַּחֲנוּנִ֥ים יְדַבֶּר־רָ֑שׁ וְ֝עָשִׁ֗יר יַעֲנֶ֥ה עַזּֽוֹת׃‬

He who is impoverished utters supplications,

But a rich man answers with harsh words.

Prov 18:24 ‫אִ֣ישׁ רֵ֭עִים לְהִתְרֹעֵ֑עַ וְיֵ֥שׁ אֹ֝הֵ֗ב דָּבֵ֥ק מֵאָֽח׃‬

A man may have friends

Who bring him to breaking point,

But there is one who loves him

And is attached to him more than a brother.

to breaking point ← to being broken, from root רָעַע, as [AnLx]. AV differs (must shew himself friendly), from root רָעָה. [BDB] offers both meanings.
Prov 19:1 ‫טֽוֹב־רָ֭שׁ הוֹלֵ֣ךְ בְּתֻמּ֑וֹ מֵעִקֵּ֥שׁ שְׂ֝פָתָ֗יו וְה֣וּא כְסִֽיל׃‬

An impoverished man who walks in his integrity

Is better than one who is of perverse lips

And who is a fool.

Prov 19:2 ‫גַּ֤ם בְּלֹא־דַ֣עַת נֶ֣פֶשׁ לֹא־ט֑וֹב וְאָ֖ץ בְּרַגְלַ֣יִם חוֹטֵֽא׃‬

Also it is not good

That a person should be without knowledge,

And he who hastens impetuously

Sins.

person ← soul.

hastens impetuously ← hastens with feet.
Prov 19:3 ‫אִוֶּ֣לֶת אָ֭דָם תְּסַלֵּ֣ף דַּרְכּ֑וֹ וְעַל־יְ֝הוָ֗ה יִזְעַ֥ף לִבּֽוֹ׃‬

The foolishness of a man perverts his way,

And his heart becomes dispirited with the Lord.

Prov 19:4 ‫ה֗וֹן יֹ֭סִיף רֵעִ֣ים רַבִּ֑ים וְ֝דָ֗ל מֵרֵ֥עהוּ יִפָּרֵֽד׃‬

Wealth makes many extra friends,

But a poor man becomes separated from his friend.

makes ... extra ← adds.
Prov 19:5 ‫עֵ֣ד שְׁ֭קָרִים לֹ֣א יִנָּקֶ֑ה וְיָפִ֥יחַ כְּ֝זָבִ֗ים לֹ֣א יִמָּלֵֽט׃‬

A false witness will not be held guiltless,

And he who belches out lies will not escape.

false witness ← witness of lies, a Hebraic genitive.

belches out ← puffs out.
Prov 19:6 ‫רַ֭בִּים יְחַלּ֣וּ פְנֵֽי־נָדִ֑יב וְכָל־הָ֝רֵ֗עַ לְאִ֣ישׁ מַתָּֽן׃‬

Many appeal to the noble-minded,

And everyone is the friend of a generous man.

appeal to ← weaken the face of.

generous man ← man of a gift.
Prov 19:7 ‫כָּ֥ל אֲחֵי־רָ֨שׁ ׀ שְֽׂנֵאֻ֗הוּ אַ֤ף כִּ֣י מְ֭רֵעֵהוּ רָחֲק֣וּ מִמֶּ֑נּוּ מְרַדֵּ֖ף אֲמָרִ֣ים *לא־**לוֹ־הֵֽמָּה׃‬

All the brothers of an impoverished man hate him;

How much more do his friends distance themselves from him!

He accosts them {K: eloquently, but they are not obliging} [Q: with sayings of his].

accosts ← pursues.

eloquently (ketiv)(with) sayings.
Prov 19:8 ‫קֹֽנֶה־לֵּ֭ב אֹהֵ֣ב נַפְשׁ֑וֹ שֹׁמֵ֥ר תְּ֝בוּנָ֗ה לִמְצֹא־טֽוֹב׃‬

He who acquires a right heart

Loves his life,

As he nurtures understanding

So as to find what is good.

life ← soul.

nurtures ← keeps.
Prov 19:9 ‫עֵ֣ד שְׁ֭קָרִים לֹ֣א יִנָּקֶ֑ה וְיָפִ֖יחַ כְּזָבִ֣ים יֹאבֵֽד׃ פ‬

A false witness will not be held guiltless,

And he who belches out lies will perish.

false witness ← witness of lies, a Hebraic genitive.

belches out ← puffs out.
Prov 19:10 ‫לֹֽא־נָאוֶ֣ה לִכְסִ֣יל תַּעֲנ֑וּג אַ֝֗ף כִּֽי־לְעֶ֤בֶד ׀ מְשֹׁ֬ל בְּשָׂרִֽים׃‬

Luxury is not befitting for a fool;

How much less is it befitting for a servant to rule over princes!

Prov 19:11 ‫שֵׂ֣כֶל אָ֭דָם הֶאֱרִ֣יךְ אַפּ֑וֹ וְ֝תִפאַרְתּ֗וֹ עֲבֹ֣ר עַל־פָּֽשַׁע׃‬

A man's insight stems his anger,

And it is to his credit

To pass over a transgression.

stems his anger ← prolongs his forbearing-temper. Compare Prov 15:18.

credit ← splendour, glory.
Prov 19:12 ‫נַ֣הַם כַּ֭כְּפִיר זַ֣עַף מֶ֑לֶךְ וּכְטַ֖ל עַל־עֵ֣שֶׂב רְצוֹנֽוֹ׃‬

The anger of a king is like the growling of a young lion,

But his goodwill is like dew on grass.

like the growling of a young lion ← growling like the young lion.
Prov 19:13 ‫הַוֺּ֣ת לְ֭אָבִיו בֵּ֣ן כְּסִ֑יל וְדֶ֥לֶף טֹ֝רֵ֗ד מִדְיְנֵ֥י אִשָּֽׁה׃‬

A foolish son is a calamity to his father,

And the contentions of a wife are like a continual drip.

calamity ← calamities.

continual: or tempestuous.
Prov 19:14 ‫בַּ֣יִת וָ֭הוֹן נַחֲלַ֣ת אָב֑וֹת וּ֝מֵיְהוָ֗ה אִשָּׁ֥ה מַשְׂכָּֽלֶת׃‬

The inheritance of one's fathers is a house and wealth,

But a sensible wife is from the Lord.

Prov 19:15 ‫עַ֭צְלָה תַּפִּ֣יל תַּרְדֵּמָ֑ה וְנֶ֖פֶשׁ רְמִיָּ֣ה תִרְעָֽב׃‬

Laziness makes one fall into deep sleep,

And an indolent person will suffer hunger.

person ← soul.
Prov 19:16 ‫שֹׁמֵ֣ר מִ֭צְוָה שֹׁמֵ֣ר נַפְשׁ֑וֹ בּוֹזֵ֖ה דְרָכָ֣יו *יומת **יָמֽוּת׃‬

He who keeps the commandment

Keeps his life,

But he who shows contempt for his ways

{Q: Will die} [K: Will be put to death].

life ← soul.

his ways: i.e. the Lord's ways.
Prov 19:17 ‫מַלְוֵ֣ה יְ֭הוָה ח֣וֹנֵֽן דָּ֑ל וּ֝גְמֻל֗וֹ יְשַׁלֶּם־לֽוֹ׃‬

He who is gracious to a poor man

Is a lender to the Lord,

Who will repay him a recompense.

him a recompense ← his recompense.
Prov 19:18 ‫יַסֵּ֣ר בִּ֭נְךָ כִּי־יֵ֣שׁ תִּקְוָ֑ה וְאֶל־הֲ֝מִית֗וֹ אַל־תִּשָּׂ֥א נַפְשֶֽׁךָ׃‬

Discipline your son while there is hope,

And do not forbear,

Which would lead to him losing his life.

forbear ← let your soul raise, also meaning to set one's affections (on).

to him losing his life ← to his killing, an objective genitive. AV differs (for his crying).
Prov 19:19 ‫*גרל־**גְּֽדָל־חֵ֭מָה נֹ֣שֵׂא עֹ֑נֶשׁ כִּ֥י אִם־תַּ֝צִּ֗יל וְע֣וֹד תּוֹסִֽף׃‬

{K: A wrathful lot} [Q: A man of great wrath] bears punishment,

And unless you put it away,

You will bear it again.

The ketiv / qeré issue is a resh / daleth issue.

wrathful lot (ketiv)a lot (=fate) of wrath.

AV differs, as does [CB].
Prov 19:20 ‫שְׁמַ֣ע עֵ֭צָה וְקַבֵּ֣ל מוּסָ֑ר לְ֝מַ֗עַן תֶּחְכַּ֥ם בְּאַחֲרִיתֶֽךָ׃‬

Hear advice and accept correction

So that you become wise in the latter time of your life.

Prov 19:21 ‫רַבּ֣וֹת מַחֲשָׁב֣וֹת בְּלֶב־אִ֑ישׁ וַעֲצַ֥ת יְ֝הוָ֗ה הִ֣יא תָקֽוּם׃‬

Many are the thoughts in a man's heart,

But it is the Lord's counsel

Which will stand firm.

Prov 19:22 ‫תַּאֲוַ֣ת אָדָ֣ם חַסְדּ֑וֹ וְטֽוֹב־רָ֝שׁ מֵאִ֥ישׁ כָּזָֽב׃‬

The longing of a man is for his kindness,

And a poor man is better than a liar.

his kindness: perhaps referring to the Lord's kindness. For alternatives, see commentaries on biblehub.com.
Prov 19:23 ‫יִרְאַ֣ת יְהוָ֣ה לְחַיִּ֑ים וְשָׂבֵ֥עַ יָ֝לִ֗ין בַּל־יִפָּ֥קֶד רָֽע׃‬

The fear of the Lord leads to life,

And he who is steeped in it will lodge

Where harm will not be encountered.

steeped in it will lodge: AV differs (shall abide satisfied).

encountered ← visited on.
Prov 19:24 ‫טָ֘מַ֤ן עָצֵ֣ל יָ֭דוֹ בַּצַּלָּ֑חַת גַּם־אֶל־פִּ֝֗יהוּ לֹ֣א יְשִׁיבֶֽנָּה׃‬

A lazy man dips his hand in the bowl,

Yet he will not bring it back to his mouth.

bowl: AV differs (bosom).
Prov 19:25 ‫לֵ֣ץ תַּ֭כֶּה וּפֶ֣תִי יַעְרִ֑ם וְהוֹכִ֥יחַ לְ֝נָב֗וֹן יָבִ֥ין דָּֽעַת׃‬

Hit the scoffer

And the gullible will become wary,

And reprove the astute

So that he will acquire all the more knowledge.

wary ← cunning.

acquire ← understand.
Prov 19:26 ‫מְֽשַׁדֶּד־אָ֭ב יַבְרִ֣יחַ אֵ֑ם בֵּ֝֗ן מֵבִ֥ישׁ וּמַחְפִּֽיר׃‬

He who preys on his father

Or causes his mother to flee,

Is a son who causes shame and disgrace.

Prov 19:27 ‫חַֽדַל־בְּ֭נִי לִשְׁמֹ֣עַ מוּסָ֑ר לִ֝שְׁג֗וֹת מֵֽאִמְרֵי־דָֽעַת׃‬

My son, to stop listening to correction

Is to stray from instructive sayings.

to stop: an anomalous form, but we take it as the construct state of the adjective חָדֵל combined with לִשְׁמֺעַ, literally a stopping-one of to listen. AV differs throughout (Cease, my son, to hear the instruction that causeth to err from the words of knowledge).

instructive sayings ← sayings of knowledge, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 19:28 ‫עֵ֣ד בְּ֭לִיַּעַל יָלִ֣יץ מִשְׁפָּ֑ט וּפִ֥י רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים יְבַלַּע־אָֽוֶן׃‬

A rogue witness mocks justice,

And the mouths of the wicked feast on iniquity.

mouths ... feast ← mouth ... feasts, but the wicked is plural.
Prov 19:29 ‫נָכ֣וֹנוּ לַלֵּצִ֣ים שְׁפָטִ֑ים וּ֝מַהֲלֻמ֗וֹת לְגֵ֣ו כְּסִילִֽים׃‬

Judgments have been prepared for the mockers,

And beatings for the backs of fools.

backs ← back.
Prov 20:1 ‫לֵ֣ץ הַ֭יַּין הֹמֶ֣ה שֵׁכָ֑ר וְכָל־שֹׁ֥גֶה בּ֝֗וֹ לֹ֣א יֶחְכָּֽם׃‬

Wine is a mocker,

And strong drink is riotous,

And none who go astray with it

Become wise.

Prov 20:2 ‫נַ֣הַם כַּ֭כְּפִיר אֵ֣ימַת מֶ֑לֶךְ מִ֝תְעַבְּר֗וֹ חוֹטֵ֥א נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃‬

Fear of a king is like the growling of a young lion;

He who takes liberties with him

Sins against himself.

himself ← his soul.
Prov 20:3 ‫כָּב֣וֹד לָ֭אִישׁ שֶׁ֣בֶת מֵרִ֑יב וְכָל־אֱ֝וִ֗יל יִתְגַּלָּֽע׃‬

Honour to the man who ceases from strife,

But every fool flares up.

who ceases from ← cessation of. From root שבת, not ישב.
Prov 20:4 ‫מֵ֭חֹרֶף עָצֵ֣ל לֹא־יַחֲרֹ֑שׁ *ישאל **וְשָׁאַ֖ל בַּקָּצִ֣יר וָאָֽיִן׃‬

From autumn on, the lazy man will not plough,

{K: Then} [Q: Then] at harvest time he begs

And has nothing.

from autumn: or from winter. AV differs somewhat (by reason of cold), but חֺרֶף is a season; compare Gen 8:22 (winter).
Prov 20:5 ‫מַ֣יִם עֲ֭מֻקִּים עֵצָ֣ה בְלֶב־אִ֑ישׁ וְאִ֖ישׁ תְּבוּנָ֣ה יִדְלֶֽנָּה׃‬

Counsel in a man's heart is like deep water,

And a man of understanding draws on it.

Prov 20:6 ‫רָב־אָדָ֗ם יִ֭קְרָא אִ֣ישׁ חַסְדּ֑וֹ וְאִ֥ישׁ אֱ֝מוּנִ֗ים מִ֣י יִמְצָֽא׃‬

The majority of men will proclaim their own generosity,

But as for a faithful man,

Who can find him?

men ← man, mankind.

a faithful man ← man of faithfulnesses, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 20:7 ‫מִתְהַלֵּ֣ךְ בְּתֻמּ֣וֹ צַדִּ֑יק אַשְׁרֵ֖י בָנָ֣יו אַחֲרָֽיו׃‬

The righteous man walks in his integrity;

Happy are his sons after him.

Prov 20:8 ‫מֶ֗לֶךְ יוֹשֵׁ֥ב עַל־כִּסֵּא־דִ֑ין מְזָרֶ֖ה בְעֵינָ֣יו כָּל־רָֽע׃‬

A king sitting in his judgment seat

Winnows out everything that in his eyes is evil.

Prov 20:9 ‫מִֽי־יֹ֭אמַר זִכִּ֣יתִי לִבִּ֑י טָ֝הַ֗רְתִּי מֵחַטָּאתִֽי׃‬

Who can say,

“I have purified my heart;

I am clear of my sin”?

I am clear: perhaps better re-pointed as pual, טֻהַרְתִּי (I have been cleansed).
Prov 20:10 ‫אֶ֣בֶן וָ֭אֶבֶן אֵיפָ֣ה וְאֵיפָ֑ה תּוֹעֲבַ֥ת יְ֝הוָ֗ה גַּם־שְׁנֵיהֶֽם׃‬

One weight for one,

And another weight for another,

One ephah for one,

And another ephah for another

– They are both an abomination to the Lord.

ephah (2x): about 6 imperial gallons or 27 litres.

both ← also both.
Prov 20:11 ‫גַּ֣ם בְּ֭מַעֲלָלָיו יִתְנַכֶּר־נָ֑עַר אִם־זַ֖ךְ וְאִם־יָשָׁ֣ר פָּעֳלֽוֹ׃‬

Even a boy is known by his deeds

– Whether his behaviour is pure

And whether it is upright.

behaviour ← work.
Prov 20:12 ‫אֹ֣זֶן שֹׁ֭מַעַת וְעַ֣יִן רֹאָ֑ה יְ֝הוָ֗ה עָשָׂ֥ה גַם־שְׁנֵיהֶֽם׃‬

A hearing ear and a seeing eye

– The Lord assuredly made both of them.

Prov 20:13 ‫אַל־תֶּֽאֱהַ֣ב שֵׁ֭נָה פֶּן־תִּוָּרֵ֑שׁ פְּקַ֖ח עֵינֶ֣יךָ שְֽׂבַֽע־לָֽחֶם׃‬

Do not love sleep,

So that you do not become destitute.

Open your eyes

And be satiated with bread.

Prov 20:14 ‫רַ֣ע רַ֭ע יֹאמַ֣ר הַקּוֹנֶ֑ה וְאֹזֵ֥ל ל֝֗וֹ אָ֣ז יִתְהַלָּֽל׃‬

It is poor quality, poor quality”,

Says the buyer.

And then he goes his way,

And then boasts about it.

goes his way: i.e. he buys it having knocked the price down and goes his way.
Prov 20:15 ‫יֵ֣שׁ זָ֭הָב וְרָב־פְּנִינִ֑ים וּכְלִ֥י יְ֝קָ֗ר שִׂפְתֵי־דָֽעַת׃‬

Gold and an abundance of red corals have a place,

But knowledgeable lips are a precious instrument.

red corals: or pearls, but see Lam 4:7.

have a placethere are.

knowledgeable lips ← lips of knowledge, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 20:16 ‫לְֽקַח־בִּ֭גְדוֹ כִּי־עָ֣רַב זָ֑ר וּבְעַ֖ד *נכרים **נָכְרִיָּ֣ה חַבְלֵֽהוּ׃‬

“Take his clothing,

For he became security to a stranger,

And bind him up,

For pledging to {K: foreigners} [Q: a foreign lady].”

bind him up: AV differs (take a pledge of him). Perhaps a play on words (bind by a pledge / bind with cords).
Prov 20:17 ‫עָרֵ֣ב לָ֭אִישׁ לֶ֣חֶם שָׁ֑קֶר וְ֝אַחַ֗ר יִמָּֽלֵא־פִ֥יהוּ חָצָֽץ׃‬

Dishonestly obtained bread is sweet to a man,

But afterwards his mouth becomes full of gravel.

dishonestly obtained bread ← bread of falsehood, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 20:18 ‫מַ֭חֲשָׁבוֹת בְּעֵצָ֣ה תִכּ֑וֹן וּ֝בְתַחְבֻּל֗וֹת עֲשֵׂ֣ה מִלְחָמָֽה׃‬

Plans undertaken with counsel will be established,

So wage war with shrewd deliberations.

plans ← thoughts.

will be established: singular, generalizing.
Prov 20:19 ‫גּֽוֹלֶה־סּ֭וֹד הוֹלֵ֣ךְ רָכִ֑יל וּלְפֹתֶ֥ה שְׂ֝פָתָ֗יו לֹ֣א תִתְעָרָֽב׃‬

He who goes around gossiping

Reveals a secret,

So do not involve yourself

With one of wide open lips.

one of wide open lips: i.e. a babbler.
Prov 20:20 ‫מְ֭קַלֵּל אָבִ֣יו וְאִמּ֑וֹ יִֽדְעַ֥ךְ נֵ֝ר֗וֹ *באישון **בֶּאֱשׁ֥וּן חֹֽשֶׁךְ׃‬

As for him who curses his father or mother,

His lamp will go out in pitch black darkness.

or: disjunctive use of the vav.

pitch black darkness ← the pupil (of the eye) of darkness.
Prov 20:21 ‫נַ֭חֲלָה *מבחלת **מְבֹהֶ֣לֶת בָּרִאשֹׁנָ֑ה וְ֝אַחֲרִיתָ֗הּ לֹ֣א תְבֹרָֽךְ׃‬

An inheritance may be {K: avariciously obtained} [Q: hastily acquired] at first,

But then its final state will not be blessed.

AV differs, reading the qeré.
Prov 20:22 ‫אַל־תֹּאמַ֥ר אֲשַׁלְּמָה־רָ֑ע קַוֵּ֥ה לַֽ֝יהוָ֗ה וְיֹ֣שַֽׁע לָֽךְ׃‬

Do not say,

“I will repay evil.”

Put your hope in the Lord,

And he will save you.

Alluded to in Rom 12:19.

he will save: or let him save.
Prov 20:23 ‫תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת יְ֭הוָה אֶ֣בֶן וָאָ֑בֶן וּמֹאזְנֵ֖י מִרְמָ֣ה לֹא־טֽוֹב׃‬

One weight for one, and another weight for another,

Is an abomination to the Lord,

And false scales are not good.

Prov 20:24 ‫מֵיהוָ֥ה מִצְעֲדֵי־גָ֑בֶר וְ֝אָדָ֗ם מַה־יָּבִ֥ין דַּרְכּֽוֹ׃‬

Man's steps are received from the Lord.

But as for man,

What does he understand of his way?

Prov 20:25 ‫מוֹקֵ֣שׁ אָ֭דָם יָ֣לַע קֹ֑דֶשׁ וְאַחַ֖ר נְדָרִ֣ים לְבַקֵּֽר׃‬

It is a snare to a man

To rashly say anything holy,

And after the vows,

To reconsider.

a snare to a man ← a snare of a man. Wider use of the construct state.
Prov 20:26 ‫מְזָרֶ֣ה רְ֭שָׁעִים מֶ֣לֶךְ חָכָ֑ם וַיָּ֖שֶׁב עֲלֵיהֶ֣ם אוֹפָֽן׃‬

A wise king winnows out the wicked,

And drives the threshing wheel back over them.

Prov 20:27 ‫נֵ֣ר יְ֭הוָה נִשְׁמַ֣ת אָדָ֑ם חֹ֝פֵ֗שׂ כָּל־חַדְרֵי־בָֽטֶן׃‬

The spirit of man is the Lord's lamp,

Searching all the inner parts of the belly.

Prov 20:28 ‫חֶ֣סֶד וֶ֭אֱמֶת יִצְּרוּ־מֶ֑לֶךְ וְסָעַ֖ד בַּחֶ֣סֶד כִּסְאֽוֹ׃‬

Kindness and truth protect the king,

And it is with kindness

That he sustains his throne.

Prov 20:29 ‫תִּפְאֶ֣רֶת בַּחוּרִ֣ים כֹּחָ֑ם וַהֲדַ֖ר זְקֵנִ֣ים שֵׂיבָֽה׃‬

The glory of young men is their strength,

And the dignity of the old is their grey hair.

Prov 20:30 ‫חַבֻּר֣וֹת פֶּ֭צַע *תמריק **תַּמְר֣וּק בְּרָ֑ע וּ֝מַכּ֗וֹת חַדְרֵי־בָֽטֶן׃‬

Weals from wounding are a cleansing,

In a baneful way,

And beatings cleanse the inner parts of the belly.

a cleansing: the ketiv / qeré issue is a yod / vav issue, but the meanings are the same.

in a baneful way: AV differs somewhat ([cleanse away] evil).
Prov 21:1 ‫פַּלְגֵי־מַ֣יִם לֶב־מֶ֭לֶךְ בְּיַד־יְהוָ֑ה עַֽל־כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֖ר יַחְפֹּ֣ץ יַטֶּֽנּוּ׃‬

A king's heart is like sources of water in the Lord's hand;

He inclines it to whatever he wishes.

Prov 21:2 ‫כָּֽל־דֶּרֶךְ־אִ֭ישׁ יָשָׁ֣ר בְּעֵינָ֑יו וְתֹכֵ֖ן לִבּ֣וֹת יְהוָֽה׃‬

Every way of man is right in his own eyes,

But it is the Lord who tests hearts.

Prov 21:3 ‫עֲ֭שֹׂה צְדָקָ֣ה וּמִשְׁפָּ֑ט נִבְחָ֖ר לַיהוָ֣ה מִזָּֽבַח׃‬

To do righteousness and justice

Is preferable with the Lord to sacrifice.

to do: a rare infinitive construct form, also seen in Prov 16:16.
Prov 21:4 ‫רוּם־עֵ֭ינַיִם וּרְחַב־לֵ֑ב נִ֖ר רְשָׁעִ֣ים חַטָּֽאת׃‬

Haughty eyes and arrogance

– The field of work of the wicked –

Are preferable to them than a sin-offering.

haughty ← height of.

arrogance ← wideness of heart.

See [CB], whose note we accept. AV differs (... is sin).
Prov 21:5 ‫מַחְשְׁב֣וֹת חָ֭רוּץ אַךְ־לְמוֹתָ֑ר וְכָל־אָ֝֗ץ אַךְ־לְמַחְסֽוֹר׃‬

The thoughts of a diligent man assuredly lead to plentifulness,

But as for everyone who is hasty,

His actions assuredly lead to lack.

Prov 21:6 ‫פֹּ֣עַל א֭וֹצָרוֹת בִּלְשׁ֣וֹן שָׁ֑קֶר הֶ֥בֶל נִ֝דָּ֗ף מְבַקְשֵׁי־מָֽוֶת׃‬

Acquiring treasure by a lying tongue

Is mist blown around

By those who seek death.

Prov 21:7 ‫שֹׁד־רְשָׁעִ֥ים יְגוֹרֵ֑ם כִּ֥י מֵ֝אֲנ֗וּ לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת מִשְׁפָּֽט׃‬

The rapacity of the wicked drags them away,

For they refuse to act justly.

act justly ← do justice.
Prov 21:8 ‫הֲפַכְפַּ֬ךְ דֶּ֣רֶךְ אִ֣ישׁ וָזָ֑ר וְ֝זַ֗ךְ יָשָׁ֥ר פָּעֳלֽוֹ׃‬

The way of man is crooked and outlandish,

But as for the pure man,

His work is upright.

Prov 21:9 ‫ט֗וֹב לָשֶׁ֥בֶת עַל־פִּנַּת־גָּ֑ג מֵאֵ֥שֶׁת מִ֝דְיָנִ֗ים וּבֵ֥ית חָֽבֶר׃‬

It is better to live in a corner of a roof

Than in a mansion,

But with a contentious wife.

live ← sit, but also dwell.

mansion ... contentious wife ← wife of contentions ... house of a company, Hebraic genitives.

The Hebrew reads than (with) a contentious wife and / but (in) a mansion, which we ↴
Prov 21:10 ‫נֶ֣פֶשׁ רָ֭שָׁע אִוְּתָה־רָ֑ע לֹא־יֻחַ֖ן בְּעֵינָ֣יו רֵעֵֽהוּ׃‬

A wicked person craves wrongdoing;

His neighbour does not find favour in his eyes.

↳ have re-arranged in English to bring out the contrast which the Hebrew conveys.

person ← soul.
Prov 21:11 ‫בַּעְנָשׁ־לֵ֭ץ יֶחְכַּם־פֶּ֑תִי וּבְהַשְׂכִּ֥יל לְ֝חָכָ֗ם יִקַּח־דָּֽעַת׃‬

By the punishment of the mocker,

The naive man becomes wise,

And by the instruction to the wise man,

He obtains knowledge.

by the punishment ... by the instruction: gerundial use of the infinitives.
Prov 21:12 ‫מַשְׂכִּ֣יל צַ֭דִּיק לְבֵ֣ית רָשָׁ֑ע מְסַלֵּ֖ף רְשָׁעִ֣ים לָרָֽע׃‬

The righteous one is prudent with the house of the wicked;

He overthrows the wicked to their detriment.

he overthrows: AV differs (but God overthrows), a sense not denied by our translation.
Prov 21:13 ‫אֹטֵ֣ם אָ֭זְנוֹ מִזַּעֲקַת־דָּ֑ל גַּֽם־ה֥וּא יִ֝קְרָ֗א וְלֹ֣א יֵעָנֶֽה׃‬

He who shuts his ear to the cry of the poor

Will in turn call out,

But he will not be answered.

in turn ← also, but with wider scope.
Prov 21:14 ‫מַתָּ֣ן בַּ֭סֵּתֶר יִכְפֶּה־אָ֑ף וְשֹׁ֥חַד בַּ֝חֵ֗ק חֵמָ֥ה עַזָּֽה׃‬

A gift given in private appeases anger,

And a present put into the lap assuages strong fury.

in private ← in secret.
Prov 21:15 ‫שִׂמְחָ֣ה לַ֭צַּדִּיק עֲשׂ֣וֹת מִשְׁפָּ֑ט וּ֝מְחִתָּ֗ה לְפֹ֣עֲלֵי אָֽוֶן׃‬

It is joy to the righteous to act justly,

But a dreadful thing to those who commit iniquity.

to act justly ← to do justice.

dreadful thing: AV differs (destruction shall be).
Prov 21:16 ‫אָדָ֗ם תּ֭וֹעֶה מִדֶּ֣רֶךְ הַשְׂכֵּ֑ל בִּקְהַ֖ל רְפָאִ֣ים יָנֽוּחַ׃‬

A man who strays from a prudent way

Comes to rest in the company of the Rephaim.

Rephaim: see [CB] App. 25. AV differs (dead).
Prov 21:17 ‫אִ֣ישׁ מַ֭חְסוֹר אֹהֵ֣ב שִׂמְחָ֑ה אֹהֵ֥ב יַֽיִן־וָ֝שֶׁ֗מֶן לֹ֣א יַעֲשִֽׁיר׃‬

He who loves merrymaking

Will be a man in penury;

He who loves wine and fine food

Will not become rich.

man in ← man of.

fine food ← oil; fatness.
Prov 21:18 ‫כֹּ֣פֶר לַצַּדִּ֣יק רָשָׁ֑ע וְתַ֖חַת יְשָׁרִ֣ים בּוֹגֵֽד׃‬

The wicked will be a ransom for the righteous,

And the traitor in the place of the upright.

wicked ... righteous ... traitor ... upright: the first three of these are singular. The sense is as in Prov 11:8, that the wicked enter into the trouble which the righteous are delivered from, the trouble sometimes being the plan of the wicked themselves, e.g. with Haman and Mordecai.
Prov 21:19 ‫ט֗וֹב שֶׁ֥בֶת בְּאֶֽרֶץ־מִדְבָּ֑ר מֵאֵ֖שֶׁת *מדונים **מִדְיָנִ֣ים וָכָֽעַס׃‬

It is better to live in a desert land

Than with a contentious and bad-tempered wife.

contentious: the ketiv and qeré are similar words with the same meaning. As in Prov 18:19.

contentious ... and bad-tempered wife ← wife of contention and anger, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 21:20 ‫אוֹצָ֤ר ׀ נֶחְמָ֣ד וָ֭שֶׁמֶן בִּנְוֵ֣ה חָכָ֑ם וּכְסִ֖יל אָדָ֣ם יְבַלְּעֶֽנּוּ׃‬

There is delightful treasure and oil

In the abode of the wise,

But a foolish man dissipates it.

dissipates ← swallows, consumes.
Prov 21:21 ‫רֹ֭דֵף צְדָקָ֣ה וָחָ֑סֶד יִמְצָ֥א חַ֝יִּ֗ים צְדָקָ֥ה וְכָבֽוֹד׃‬

He who pursues righteousness and kindness

Will find life, righteousness and honour.

Prov 21:22 ‫עִ֣יר גִּ֭בֹּרִים עָלָ֣ה חָכָ֑ם וַ֝יֹּ֗רֶד עֹ֣ז מִבְטֶחָֽה׃‬

The wise man can ascend into a city of warriors,

And shatter its great confidence.

shatter ← bring down.

its great confidence ← the strength of its confidence, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 21:23 ‫שֹׁמֵ֣ר פִּ֭יו וּלְשׁוֹנ֑וֹ שֹׁמֵ֖ר מִצָּר֣וֹת נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃‬

He who guards his mouth and his tongue

Guards himself from adversities.

himself ← his soul.
Prov 21:24 ‫זֵ֣ד יָ֭הִיר לֵ֣ץ שְׁמ֑וֹ ע֝וֹשֶׂ֗ה בְּעֶבְרַ֥ת זָדֽוֹן׃‬

As for the arrogant and haughty man,

His name is Mocker;

He deals in insolent presumption.

insolent presumption ← pride / anger of insolence / pride.
Prov 21:25 ‫תַּאֲוַ֣ת עָצֵ֣ל תְּמִיתֶ֑נּוּ כִּֽי־מֵאֲנ֖וּ יָדָ֣יו לַעֲשֽׂוֹת׃‬

The inclination of the lazy man will kill him,

For his hands refuse to work.

work ← do, make.
Prov 21:26 ‫כָּל־הַ֭יּוֹם הִתְאַוָּ֣ה תַאֲוָ֑ה וְצַדִּ֥יק יִ֝תֵּ֗ן וְלֹ֣א יַחְשֹֽׂךְ׃‬

All day long he craves what his heart desires,

But a just man gives and does not spare.

Prov 21:27 ‫זֶ֣בַח רְ֭שָׁעִים תּוֹעֵבָ֑ה אַ֝֗ף כִּֽי־בְזִמָּ֥ה יְבִיאֶֽנּוּ׃‬

The sacrifice of the wicked is an abomination

– All the more so

When he brings it in deceit.

deceit ← scheming.
Prov 21:28 ‫עֵד־כְּזָבִ֥ים יֹאבֵ֑ד וְאִ֥ישׁ שׁ֝וֹמֵ֗עַ לָנֶ֥צַח יְדַבֵּֽר׃‬

A false witness will perish,

But a man who listens

Will speak steadfast words.

false witness ← witness of lies, a Hebraic genitive.

listens: or understands.

steadfast ← in perpetuity.
Prov 21:29 ‫הֵעֵ֬ז אִ֣ישׁ רָשָׁ֣ע בְּפָנָ֑יו וְ֝יָשָׁ֗ר ה֤וּא ׀ *יכין **יָבִ֬ין *דרכיו **דַּרְכּֽוֹ׃‬

The wicked man puts on a bold front,

But the upright man {K: prepares his ways} [Q: understands his way].

puts on a bold front ← emboldens on his face.
Prov 21:30 ‫אֵ֣ין חָ֭כְמָה וְאֵ֣ין תְּבוּנָ֑ה וְאֵ֥ין עֵ֝צָ֗ה לְנֶ֣גֶד יְהוָֽה׃ פ‬

There is no wisdom and there is no expertise,

And there is no counsel

Which can prevail against the Lord.

Prov 21:31 ‫ס֗וּס מ֭וּכָן לְי֣וֹם מִלְחָמָ֑ה וְ֝לַֽיהוָ֗ה הַתְּשׁוּעָֽה׃‬

The horse may be prepared for the day of war,

But salvation belongs to the Lord.

Prov 22:1 ‫נִבְחָ֣ר שֵׁ֭ם מֵעֹ֣שֶׁר רָ֑ב מִכֶּ֥סֶף וּ֝מִזָּהָ֗ב חֵ֣ן טֽוֹב׃‬

A good reputation is preferable to great wealth;

Good grace is preferable to silver and gold.

Prov 22:2 ‫עָשִׁ֣יר וָרָ֣שׁ נִפְגָּ֑שׁוּ עֹשֵׂ֖ה כֻלָּ֣ם יְהוָֽה׃‬

Rich and poor meet each other;

The maker of all of them is the Lord.

Prov 22:3 ‫עָר֤וּם ׀ רָאָ֣ה רָעָ֣ה *ויסתר **וְנִסְתָּ֑ר וּ֝פְתָיִ֗ים עָבְר֥וּ וְֽנֶעֱנָֽשׁוּ׃‬

The prudent man sees evil and hides,

But the gullible cross over to it,

And pay the penalty.

hides: the ketiv and qeré are different forms of the same verb, but the meanings are essentially the same here.

pay the penalty ← are punished.
Prov 22:4 ‫עֵ֣קֶב עֲ֭נָוָה יִרְאַ֣ת יְהוָ֑ה עֹ֖שֶׁר וְכָב֣וֹד וְחַיִּֽים׃‬

It is by meekness and fear of the Lord

That riches and honour and life are obtained.

Prov 22:5 ‫צִנִּ֣ים פַּ֭חִים בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ עִקֵּ֑שׁ שׁוֹמֵ֥ר נַ֝פְשׁ֗וֹ יִרְחַ֥ק מֵהֶֽם׃‬

Thorns and snares lie on the way of the perverse;

He who guards his life

Distances himself from them.

life ← soul.
Prov 22:6 ‫חֲנֹ֣ךְ לַ֭נַּעַר עַל־פִּ֣י דַרְכּ֑וֹ גַּ֥ם כִּֽי־יַ֝זְקִ֗ין לֹֽא־יָס֥וּר מִמֶּֽנָּה׃‬

Initiate a youth along his way,

Then even when he grows old,

He will not depart from it.

along ← according to.
Prov 22:7 ‫עָ֭שִׁיר בְּרָשִׁ֣ים יִמְשׁ֑וֹל וְעֶ֥בֶד לֹ֝וֶ֗ה לְאִ֣ישׁ מַלְוֶֽה׃‬

The rich man will rule over the poor,

And he who borrows is servant to the man who lends.

Prov 22:8 ‫זוֹרֵ֣עַ עַ֭וְלָה *יקצור־**יִקְצָר־אָ֑וֶן וְשֵׁ֖בֶט עֶבְרָת֣וֹ יִכְלֶֽה׃‬

He who sows injustice

Will reap iniquity,

And his offensive regime

Will come to an end.

reap: the ketiv can be regarded as the scriptio plena spelling of the qeré.

his offensive regime ← the sceptre of his wrath / haughtiness, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 22:9 ‫טֽוֹב־עַ֭יִן ה֣וּא יְבֹרָ֑ךְ כִּֽי־נָתַ֖ן מִלַּחְמ֣וֹ לַדָּֽל׃‬

He who is generous will be blessed,

For he gives some of his bread to the poor.

2 Cor 9:7, adapted.

generous ← good of eye.
Prov 22:10 ‫גָּ֣רֵֽשׁ לֵ֭ץ וְיֵצֵ֣א מָד֑וֹן וְ֝יִשְׁבֹּ֗ת דִּ֣ין וְקָלֽוֹן׃‬

Drive out the mocker,

And contention will depart,

And strife and shame will cease.

Prov 22:11 ‫אֹהֵ֥ב *טהור־**טְהָר־לֵ֑ב חֵ֥ן שְׂ֝פָתָ֗יו רֵעֵ֥הוּ מֶֽלֶךְ׃‬

As for him who loves the pure in heart,

His lips are graceful;

The king is his friend.

pure: the ketiv can be regarded as the scriptio plena spelling of the qeré.

his lips are graceful ← grace (is) his lips.
Prov 22:12 ‫עֵינֵ֣י יְ֭הוָה נָ֣צְרוּ דָ֑עַת וַ֝יְסַלֵּ֗ף דִּבְרֵ֥י בֹגֵֽד׃‬

The eyes of the Lord preserve knowledge,

But he has overthrown the words of the treacherous man.

Prov 22:13 ‫אָמַ֣ר עָ֭צֵל אֲרִ֣י בַח֑וּץ בְּת֥וֹךְ רְ֝חֹב֗וֹת אֵֽרָצֵֽחַ׃‬

The lazy man says,

There is a lion in the open;

I will be killed on the streets.”

Prov 22:14 ‫שׁוּחָ֣ה עֲ֭מֻקָּה פִּ֣י זָר֑וֹת זְע֥וּם יְ֝הוָ֗ה *יפול־**יִפָּל־שָֽׁם׃‬

The mouths of the foreign women are a deep pit;

He with whom the Lord is angry

Will fall there.

will fall: the ketiv can be regarded as the scriptio plena spelling of the qeré.

mouths ... aremouth (is), but plural women.
Prov 22:15 ‫אִ֭וֶּלֶת קְשׁוּרָ֣ה בְלֶב־נָ֑עַר שֵׁ֥בֶט מ֝וּסָ֗ר יַרְחִיקֶ֥נָּה מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃‬

Foolishness is bound to the heart of a boy,

But the rod of correction will put him at a distance from it.

put him at a distance from it ← distance it from him.
Prov 22:16 ‫עֹ֣שֵֽׁק דָּ֭ל לְהַרְבּ֣וֹת ל֑וֹ נֹתֵ֥ן לְ֝עָשִׁ֗יר אַךְ־לְמַחְסֽוֹר׃‬

He who oppresses the poor to enrich himself

And he who gives to the rich man

Will surely be in need.

enrich himself ← increase for him.

need ← lack.
Prov 22:17 ‫הַ֥ט אָזְנְךָ֗ וּ֭שְׁמַע דִּבְרֵ֣י חֲכָמִ֑ים וְ֝לִבְּךָ֗ תָּשִׁ֥ית לְדַעְתִּֽי׃‬

Incline your ear

And hear the words of the wise,

And direct your heart to my knowledge.

Prov 22:18 ‫כִּֽי־נָ֭עִים כִּֽי־תִשְׁמְרֵ֣ם בְּבִטְנֶ֑ךָ יִכֹּ֥נוּ יַ֝חְדָּ֗ו עַל־שְׂפָתֶֽיךָ׃‬

For it is pleasant if you keep them inwardly;

Together they are ready to be on your lips

inwardly ← in your belly.
Prov 22:19 ‫לִהְי֣וֹת בַּ֭יהוָה מִבְטַחֶ֑ךָ הוֹדַעְתִּ֖יךָ הַיּ֣וֹם אַף־אָֽתָּה׃‬

So that your trust should be in the Lord.

Today it is to you that I have made it known

To your very self.

to your very self ← indeed you.
Prov 22:20 ‫הֲלֹ֤א כָתַ֣בְתִּי לְ֭ךָ *שלשום **שָׁלִישִׁ֑ים בְּמ֖וֹעֵצֹ֣ת וָדָֽעַת׃‬

{Q: Have I not written thirty times to you} [K: Did I not write to you three days ago]

With pieces of advice and knowledge?

thirty times (ketiv)thirds or third (times), but by analogy of the cardinal numbers, we apply a factor of ten for the Hebrew plural. AV differs (excellent things).
Prov 22:21 ‫לְהוֹדִֽיעֲךָ֗ קֹ֭שְׁטְ אִמְרֵ֣י אֱמֶ֑ת לְהָשִׁ֥יב אֲמָרִ֥ים אֱ֝מֶ֗ת לְשֹׁלְחֶֽיךָ׃ פ‬

– To make known to you the veracity of truthful sayings

So that it is with truthful sayings that you can answer

Those who send for you.

truthful sayings (2x)sayings of truth, a Hebraic genitive, but the second example is not in the regular construction.
Prov 22:22 ‫אַֽל־תִּגְזָל־דָּ֭ל כִּ֣י דַל־ה֑וּא וְאַל־תְּדַכֵּ֖א עָנִ֣י בַשָּֽׁעַר׃‬

Do not rob a poor man,

For he is poor,

And do not tread a needy man down at the gate.

Prov 22:23 ‫כִּֽי־יְ֭הוָה יָרִ֣יב רִיבָ֑ם וְקָבַ֖ע אֶת־קֹבְעֵיהֶ֣ם נָֽפֶשׁ׃‬

For the Lord will defend their interest,

And he will despoil the livelihood

Of those who despoiled them.

defend their interest ← contend their contention.

livelihood ← soul.
Prov 22:24 ‫אַל־תִּ֭תְרַע אֶת־בַּ֣עַל אָ֑ף וְאֶת־אִ֥ישׁ חֵ֝מוֹת לֹ֣א תָבֽוֹא׃‬

Do not associate with a bad-tempered man,

And you shall not go with a man prone to fury,

a bad-tempered man ← possessor of anger.

prone to fury ← of furies.
Prov 22:25 ‫פֶּן־תֶּאֱלַ֥ף *ארחתו **אֹֽרְחֹתָ֑יו וְלָקַחְתָּ֖ מוֹקֵ֣שׁ לְנַפְשֶֽׁךָ׃‬

In case you learn his {Q: ways} [K: way],

And you pick up a snare for your life.

way: or, defectively written, ways.

pick up ← take; receive.

life ← soul.
Prov 22:26 ‫אַל־תְּהִ֥י בְתֹֽקְעֵי־כָ֑ף בַּ֝עֹרְבִ֗ים מַשָּׁאֽוֹת׃‬

Do not be among those who strike a deal

– Among those who are surety for debts.

those who strike a deal ← strikers of palm of hand.
Prov 22:27 ‫אִם־אֵֽין־לְךָ֥ לְשַׁלֵּ֑ם לָ֥מָּה יִקַּ֥ח מִ֝שְׁכָּבְךָ֗ מִתַּחְתֶּֽיךָ׃‬

If you do not have the means to pay,

Why let anyone take your bed from under you?

Prov 22:28 ‫אַל־תַּ֭סֵּג גְּב֣וּל עוֹלָ֑ם אֲשֶׁ֖ר עָשׂ֣וּ אֲבוֹתֶֽיךָ׃‬

Do not move an age-old boundary marker

Which your fathers put in place.

move: or remove.

put in place ← made.
Prov 22:29 ‫חָזִ֡יתָ אִ֤ישׁ ׀ מָ֘הִ֤יר בִּמְלַאכְתּ֗וֹ לִֽפְנֵֽי־מְלָכִ֥ים יִתְיַצָּ֑ב בַּל־יִ֝תְיַצֵּב לִפְנֵ֥י חֲשֻׁכִּֽים׃ פ‬

Have you seen a man going about his work efficiently?

He will stand before kings;

He will not stand before the low-bred.

going about his work efficiently ← quick in his work.

low-bred ← obscure, mean; etymologically, darkened.
Prov 23:1 ‫כִּֽי־תֵ֭שֵׁב לִלְח֣וֹם אֶת־מוֹשֵׁ֑ל בִּ֥ין תָּ֝בִ֗ין אֶת־אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְפָנֶֽיךָ׃‬

When you sit down to dine with a ruler,

Be well aware of who it is before you,

be well aware: infinitive absolute.
Prov 23:2 ‫וְשַׂמְתָּ֣ שַׂכִּ֣ין בְּלֹעֶ֑ךָ אִם־בַּ֖עַל נֶ֣פֶשׁ אָֽתָּה׃‬

And put a knife to your throat

If you have a keen appetite.

put a knife to your throat: i.e. eat and drink circumspectly.

if you have a keen appetite ← if you (are) a possessor of a soul.
Prov 23:3 ‫אַל־תִּ֭תְאָו לְמַטְעַמּוֹתָ֑יו וְ֝ה֗וּא לֶ֣חֶם כְּזָבִֽים׃‬

Do not be desirous of his delicacies,

For they are beguiling food.

beguiling food ← bread of falsehoods, a Hebraic genitive. See 1 Sam 28:22-24.
Prov 23:4 ‫אַל־תִּיגַ֥ע לְֽהַעֲשִׁ֑יר מִֽבִּינָתְךָ֥ חֲדָֽל׃‬

Do not exhaust yourself to become rich;

Cease from your own understanding.

Prov 23:5 ‫*התעוף **הֲתָ֤עִיף עֵינֶ֥יךָ בּ֗וֹ וְֽאֵ֫ינֶ֥נּוּ כִּ֤י עָשֹׂ֣ה יַעֲשֶׂה־לּ֣וֹ כְנָפַ֑יִם כְּ֝נֶ֗שֶׁר *ועיף **יָע֥וּף הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃ פ‬

Do you fix your eye on a thing,

Then it is gone?

For it easily gives itself wings,

And like an eagle, {Q: it flies off into} [K: it is weary in] the sky.

fix ← make fly. The ketiv and qeré are different stem-formations of the same word, with the same meaning here. A vav / yod issue.

it flies off (ketiv): the qeré has vav for yod and yod for vav.

it easily gives itself: infinitive absolute.
Prov 23:6 ‫אַל־תִּלְחַ֗ם אֶת־לֶ֭חֶם רַ֣ע עָ֑יִן וְאַל־*תתאו **תִּ֝תְאָ֗יו לְמַטְעַמֹּתָֽיו׃‬

Do not eat food from a malevolent person,

And do not be desirous of his delicacies.

be desirous: the ketiv can be regarded as a variant form of the qeré.

food ← bread, standing for food in general. See 1 Sam 28:22-24.

a malevolent personan evil eye.
Prov 23:7 ‫כִּ֤י ׀ כְּמוֹ־שָׁעַ֥ר בְּנַפְשׁ֗וֹ כֶּ֫ן־ה֥וּא אֱכֹ֣ל וּ֭שְׁתֵה יֹ֣אמַר לָ֑ךְ וְ֝לִבּ֗וֹ בַּל־עִמָּֽךְ׃‬

For as he assesses a matter inwardly,

So he is.

“Eat and drink”,

He will say to you,

But his heart will not be with you.

a matter inwardly ← in his soul.
Prov 23:8 ‫פִּֽתְּךָ־אָכַ֥לְתָּ תְקִיאֶ֑נָּה וְ֝שִׁחַ֗תָּ דְּבָרֶ֥יךָ הַנְּעִימִֽים׃‬

The morsel which you have eaten,

You will vomit out,

And you will spoil your pleasant conversation.

vomit out ← vomit it out.

conversation ← words, affairs.
Prov 23:9 ‫בְּאָזְנֵ֣י כְ֭סִיל אַל־תְּדַבֵּ֑ר כִּֽי־יָ֝ב֗וּז לְשֵׂ֣כֶל מִלֶּֽיךָ׃‬

Do not speak to the ears of a fool,

For he will despise the insightfulness of your words.

Prov 23:10 ‫אַל־תַּ֭סֵּג גְּב֣וּל עוֹלָ֑ם וּבִשְׂדֵ֥י יְ֝תוֹמִ֗ים אַל־תָּבֹֽא׃‬

Do not move an age-old boundary marker,

And do not go into the fields of orphans,

move: or remove.
Prov 23:11 ‫כִּֽי־גֹאֲלָ֥ם חָזָ֑ק הֽוּא־יָרִ֖יב אֶת־רִיבָ֣ם אִתָּֽךְ׃‬

For their redeemer is strong;

He will defend their case against you.

against ← with. Compare Gen 14:8.
Prov 23:12 ‫הָבִ֣יאָה לַמּוּסָ֣ר לִבֶּ֑ךָ וְ֝אָזְנֶ֗ךָ לְאִמְרֵי־דָֽעַת׃‬

Dispose your heart to instruction,

And your ears to learned sayings.

dispose ← bring.

ears ← ear. Singular in Hebrew because one ear per person to be inclined. Compare Ezek 33:26.
Prov 23:13 ‫אַל־תִּמְנַ֣ע מִנַּ֣עַר מוּסָ֑ר כִּֽי־תַכֶּ֥נּוּ בַ֝שֵּׁ֗בֶט לֹ֣א יָמֽוּת׃‬

Do not withhold correction from a youth;

When you beat him with a rod,

He will not die.

Prov 23:14 ‫אַ֭תָּה בַּשֵּׁ֣בֶט תַּכֶּ֑נּוּ וְ֝נַפְשׁ֗וֹ מִשְּׁא֥וֹל תַּצִּֽיל׃‬

You may be beating him with a rod,

But you will be saving him from the grave.

him ← his soul.
Prov 23:15 ‫בְּ֭נִי אִם־חָכַ֣ם לִבֶּ֑ךָ יִשְׂמַ֖ח לִבִּ֣י גַם־אָֽנִי׃‬

My son, if your heart becomes wise,

My heart will rejoice – it really will –

it really will ← also I, but the word גַּם can just add emphasis.
Prov 23:16 ‫וְתַעְלֹ֥זְנָה כִלְיוֹתָ֑י בְּדַבֵּ֥ר שְׂ֝פָתֶ֗יךָ מֵישָׁרִֽים׃‬

And my kidneys will exult,

As your lips speak upright words.

kidneys: i.e. inward feelings. Compare Ps 139:13, Jer 11:20.
Prov 23:17 ‫אַל־יְקַנֵּ֣א לִ֭בְּךָ בַּֽחַטָּאִ֑ים כִּ֥י אִם־בְּיִרְאַת־יְ֝הוָ֗ה כָּל־הַיּֽוֹם׃‬

Do not let your heart be envious of sinners,

But rather let it be zealous of fear of the Lord

All day long.

Prov 23:18 ‫כִּ֭י אִם־יֵ֣שׁ אַחֲרִ֑ית וְ֝תִקְוָתְךָ֗ לֹ֣א תִכָּרֵֽת׃‬

For there is a final state,

And your hope will not be cut off.

Prov 23:19 ‫שְׁמַע־אַתָּ֣ה בְנִ֣י וַחֲכָ֑ם וְאַשֵּׁ֖ר בַּדֶּ֣רֶךְ לִבֶּֽךָ׃‬

Do hear, my son, and become wise,

And direct your heart on the way.

Prov 23:20 ‫אַל־תְּהִ֥י בְסֹֽבְאֵי־יָ֑יִן בְּזֹלֲלֵ֖י בָשָׂ֣ר לָֽמוֹ׃‬

Do not be among those who become drunk on wine,

Or who take to guzzling meat.

take to guzzling meat ← (are) guzzlers of meat to themselves.
Prov 23:21 ‫כִּי־סֹבֵ֣א וְ֭זוֹלֵל יִוָּרֵ֑שׁ וּ֝קְרָעִ֗ים תַּלְבִּ֥ישׁ נוּמָֽה׃‬

For the drunkard and guzzler will be dispossessed,

And slumber will clothe them with rags.

rags ← tearings.
Prov 23:22 ‫שְׁמַ֣ע לְ֭אָבִיךָ זֶ֣ה יְלָדֶ֑ךָ וְאַל־תָּ֝ב֗וּז כִּֽי־זָקְנָ֥ה אִמֶּֽךָ׃‬

Listen to your father

Who begot you,

And do not despise your mother

When she is old.

Prov 23:23 ‫אֱמֶ֣ת קְ֭נֵה וְאַל־תִּמְכֹּ֑ר חָכְמָ֖ה וּמוּסָ֣ר וּבִינָֽה׃‬

Acquire truth,

And do not sell it,

As with wisdom and instruction and understanding.

Prov 23:24 ‫*גול **גִּ֣יל *יגול **יָ֭גִיל אֲבִ֣י צַדִּ֑יק *יולד **וְיוֹלֵ֥ד חָ֝כָ֗ם *וישמח־**יִשְׂמַח־בּֽוֹ׃‬

The father of a righteous son will greatly rejoice,

{K: And he who} [Q: And he who] begets a wise son

Will delight in him.

will greatly rejoice: infinitive absolute. The ketiv / qeré issue is a vav / yod issue, but the meanings are the same.

will delight: the ketiv uses a correlative vav, redundant in English.
Prov 23:25 ‫יִֽשְׂמַח־אָבִ֥יךָ וְאִמֶּ֑ךָ וְ֝תָגֵ֗ל יֽוֹלַדְתֶּֽךָ׃‬

Your father and your mother will take delight,

And she who bore you will rejoice.

Prov 23:26 ‫תְּנָֽה־בְנִ֣י לִבְּךָ֣ לִ֑י וְ֝עֵינֶ֗יךָ דְּרָכַ֥י *תרצנה **תִּצֹּֽרְנָה׃‬

My son, give your heart to me,

And may your eyes {K: welcome} [Q: keep] my ways.

Prov 23:27 ‫כִּֽי־שׁוּחָ֣ה עֲמֻקָּ֣ה זוֹנָ֑ה וּבְאֵ֥ר צָ֝רָ֗ה נָכְרִיָּֽה׃‬

For a prostitute is a deep abyss,

And a foreign woman is a narrow pit.

pit ← well.
Prov 23:28 ‫אַף־הִ֭יא כְּחֶ֣תֶף תֶּֽאֱרֹ֑ב וּ֝בוֹגְדִ֗ים בְּאָדָ֥ם תּוֹסִֽף׃‬

Indeed she lies in wait like a predator

And adds to the traitors among men.

like a predator: AV differs, but the sense is not affected (as for a prey). Similarly [AnLx], [BDB]= as (for) prey.

men ← Adam, but also mankind.
Prov 23:29 ‫לְמִ֨י א֥וֹי לְמִ֪י אֲב֡וֹי לְמִ֤י *מדונים **מִדְיָנִ֨ים ׀ לְמִ֥י שִׂ֗יחַ לְ֭מִי פְּצָעִ֣ים חִנָּ֑ם לְ֝מִ֗י חַכְלִל֥וּת עֵינָֽיִם׃‬

Who has “woe”,

Who has “alas” on his lips?

Who has contentions,

Who has a grievance,

Who has gratuitous wounds?

Who has reddened eyes?

contentions: the ketiv and qeré are similar words with the same meaning. As in Prov 18:19, Prov 21:19.

reddened ← redness (of). [BDB]= dullness. [AnLx] has more variations.
Prov 23:30 ‫לַֽמְאַחֲרִ֥ים עַל־הַיָּ֑יִן לַ֝בָּאִ֗ים לַחְקֹ֥ר מִמְסָֽךְ׃‬

It is those who linger at wine

– Those who come to sample blended liquor.

Prov 23:31 ‫אַל־תֵּ֥רֶא יַיִן֮ כִּ֪י יִתְאַ֫דָּ֥ם כִּֽי־יִתֵּ֣ן *בכיס **בַּכּ֣וֹס עֵינ֑וֹ יִ֝תְהַלֵּ֗ךְ בְּמֵישָׁרִֽים׃‬

Do not care for wine

– When it exhibits its red colour,

When it gives its sparkle in a {Q: goblet} [K: bag],

And when it flows smoothly.

care for ← see.

sparkle ← eye; appearance; fountain. Compare Num 11:7, Dan 10:6.

smoothly ← in straightnesses.
Prov 23:32 ‫אַ֭חֲרִיתוֹ כְּנָחָ֣שׁ יִשָּׁ֑ךְ וּֽכְצִפְעֹנִ֥י יַפְרִֽשׁ׃‬

Its effect is that it bites like a serpent

And puts one in torment like a viper.

effect ← end, but here causal.
Prov 23:33 ‫עֵ֭ינֶיךָ יִרְא֣וּ זָר֑וֹת וְ֝לִבְּךָ֗ יְדַבֵּ֥ר תַּהְפֻּכֽוֹת׃‬

Your eyes will see women who are strangers,

And your heart will speak subversive things,

Prov 23:34 ‫וְ֭הָיִיתָ כְּשֹׁכֵ֣ב בְּלֶב־יָ֑ם וּ֝כְשֹׁכֵ֗ב בְּרֹ֣אשׁ חִבֵּֽל׃‬

And you will be like one who lies at the bottom of the sea,

Or one who lies at the top of a mast.

bottom ← heart.
Prov 23:35 ‫הִכּ֥וּנִי בַל־חָלִיתִי֮ הֲלָמ֗וּנִי בַּל־יָ֫דָ֥עְתִּי מָתַ֥י אָקִ֑יץ א֝וֹסִ֗יף אֲבַקְשֶׁ֥נּוּ עֽוֹד׃‬

“They beat me,

But I did not feel pain;

They struck me,

But I was not conscious of it.

When will I wake up?

I will seek this pleasure yet again.”

Prov 24:1 ‫אַל־תְּ֭קַנֵּא בְּאַנְשֵׁ֣י רָעָ֑ה וְאַל־*תתאו **תִּ֝תְאָ֗יו לִהְי֥וֹת אִתָּֽם׃‬

Do not be envious of evil men,

And do not long to be with them.

long: the ketiv can be regarded as a variant form of the qeré.

evil men ← men of evil, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 24:2 ‫כִּי־שֹׁ֭ד יֶהְגֶּ֣ה לִבָּ֑ם וְ֝עָמָ֗ל שִׂפְתֵיהֶ֥ם תְּדַבֵּֽרְנָה׃‬

For their heart meditates on violence,

And their lips speak of ill-treatment.

Prov 24:3 ‫בְּ֭חָכְמָה יִבָּ֣נֶה בָּ֑יִת וּ֝בִתְבוּנָ֗ה יִתְכּוֹנָֽן׃‬

A house is built with skill,

And it is established with expertise,

skill ← wisdom.
Prov 24:4 ‫וּ֭בְדַעַת חֲדָרִ֣ים יִמָּלְא֑וּ כָּל־ה֖וֹן יָקָ֣ר וְנָעִֽים׃‬

And rooms are filled with knowledge

And all kinds of precious and delightful belongings.

filled with knowledge: perhaps meaning fitted out expertly.

belongings ← wealth.
Prov 24:5 ‫גֶּֽבֶר־חָכָ֥ם בַּע֑וֹז וְאִֽישׁ־דַּ֝֗עַת מְאַמֶּץ־כֹּֽחַ׃‬

A wise man disposes over strength,

And a knowledgeable man increases his power,

a knowledgeable man ← a man of knowledge, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 24:6 ‫כִּ֣י בְ֭תַחְבֻּלוֹת תַּעֲשֶׂה־לְּךָ֣ מִלְחָמָ֑ה וּ֝תְשׁוּעָ֗ה בְּרֹ֣ב יוֹעֵֽץ׃‬

For it is with strategy that you can wage a war,

And success comes through taking much counsel.

wage ← make for yourself.

success ← salvation, here meaning being saved from defeat.

taking much counsel: see Prov 11:14.
Prov 24:7 ‫רָאמ֣וֹת לֶֽאֱוִ֣יל חָכְמ֑וֹת בַּ֝שַּׁ֗עַר לֹ֣א יִפְתַּח־פִּֽיהוּ׃‬

Wisdom to a fool is too lofty;

At the gate he does not open his mouth.

lofty ← lofty (things). [BDB] gives black corals; [Ges-HCL] also gives red corals, but not for this verse.
Prov 24:8 ‫מְחַשֵּׁ֥ב לְהָרֵ֑עַ ל֝֗וֹ בַּֽעַל־מְזִמּ֥וֹת יִקְרָֽאוּ׃‬

As for him who plots doing evil,

They will call him a schemer.

schemer ← possessor of schemes.
Prov 24:9 ‫זִמַּ֣ת אִוֶּ֣לֶת חַטָּ֑את וְתוֹעֲבַ֖ת לְאָדָ֣ם לֵֽץ׃‬

The scheming of a fool is a sin,

And a mocker is an abomination to men.

men ← Adam, but also mankind.
Prov 24:10 ‫הִ֭תְרַפִּיתָ בְּי֥וֹם צָרָ֗ה צַ֣ר כֹּחֶֽכָה׃‬

If you flag on an adverse day,

Your strength is feeble.

an adverse day ← a day of adversity, a Hebraic genitive.

feeble ← narrow.
Prov 24:11 ‫הַ֭צֵּל לְקֻחִ֣ים לַמָּ֑וֶת וּמָטִ֥ים לַ֝הֶ֗רֶג אִם־תַּחְשֽׂוֹךְ׃‬

If you refrain from delivering those

Who are being taken away to death,

Or who are on the verge of being killed,

from delivering: gerundial use of the infinitive.

on the verge of ← tottering.

being killed ← (being victim of an act of) killing.
Prov 24:12 ‫כִּֽי־תֹאמַ֗ר הֵן֮ לֹא־יָדַ֪עְנ֫וּ זֶ֥ה הֲ‍ֽלֹא־תֹ֘כֵ֤ן לִבּ֨וֹת ׀ הֽוּא־יָבִ֗ין וְנֹצֵ֣ר נַ֭פְשְׁךָ ה֣וּא יֵדָ֑ע וְהֵשִׁ֖יב לְאָדָ֣ם כְּפָעֳלֽוֹ׃‬

If you say,

“Look, we did not know this”,

Does not he who examines hearts discern the matter?

And will he who guards your life not know,

And will he not requite a man according to his deed?

life ← soul.
Prov 24:13 ‫אֱכָל־בְּנִ֣י דְבַ֣שׁ כִּי־ט֑וֹב וְנֹ֥פֶת מָ֝ת֗וֹק עַל־חִכֶּֽךָ׃‬

My son, eat honey,

Because it is good,

And honey from the honeycomb,

Which is sweet on your palate.

Prov 24:14 ‫כֵּ֤ן ׀ דְּעֶ֥ה חָכְמָ֗ה לְנַ֫פְשֶׁ֥ךָ אִם־מָ֭צָאתָ וְיֵ֣שׁ אַחֲרִ֑ית וְ֝תִקְוָתְךָ֗ לֹ֣א תִכָּרֵֽת׃ פ‬

So get to know wisdom.

It is for your life if you have found it,

And it has an effect,

And your hope will not be dashed.

life ← soul.

an effect ← an end. Compare Prov 23:32.

dashed ← cut (off).

AV differs somewhat in several respects.
Prov 24:15 ‫אַל־תֶּאֱרֹ֣ב רָ֭שָׁע לִנְוֵ֣ה צַדִּ֑יק אַֽל־תְּשַׁדֵּ֥ד רִבְצוֹ׃‬

Do not wickedly hold an ambush at the dwelling of a righteous man,

And do not lay his place of rest waste.

wickedly ← (as a) wicked (man). AV differs somewhat (O wicked man).
Prov 24:16 ‫כִּ֤י שֶׁ֨בַע ׀ יִפּ֣וֹל צַדִּ֣יק וָקָ֑ם וּ֝רְשָׁעִ֗ים יִכָּשְׁל֥וּ בְרָעָֽה׃‬

For a righteous man may fall seven times

And get up again,

But the wicked will stumble into trouble.

Prov 24:17 ‫בִּנְפֹ֣ל *אויביך **אֽ֭וֹיִבְךָ אַל־תִּשְׂמָ֑ח וּ֝בִכָּשְׁל֗וֹ אַל־יָגֵ֥ל לִבֶּֽךָ׃‬

Do not rejoice when your {Q: enemy falls} [K: enemies fall],

And do not let your heart exult at his stumbling,

Prov 24:18 ‫פֶּן־יִרְאֶ֣ה יְ֭הוָה וְרַ֣ע בְּעֵינָ֑יו וְהֵשִׁ֖יב מֵעָלָ֣יו אַפּֽוֹ׃‬

Lest the Lord sees,

And it is wrong in his sight,

And he turns his anger from him against you.

Prov 24:19 ‫אַל־תִּתְחַ֥ר בַּמְּרֵעִ֑ים אַל־תְּ֝קַנֵּ֗א בָּרְשָׁעִֽים׃‬

Do not be infuriated at evildoers;

Do not be envious of the wicked,

|| Ps 37:1.
Prov 24:20 ‫כִּ֤י ׀ לֹֽא־תִהְיֶ֣ה אַחֲרִ֣ית לָרָ֑ע נֵ֖ר רְשָׁעִ֣ים יִדְעָֽךְ׃‬

For the evil man will not have any posterity

– The lamp of the wicked will be extinguished.

posterity: or latter (time).
Prov 24:21 ‫יְרָֽא־אֶת־יְהוָ֣ה בְּנִ֣י וָמֶ֑לֶךְ עִם־שׁ֝וֹנִ֗ים אַל־תִּתְעָרָֽב׃‬

My son, fear the Lord and the king;

Do not involve yourself with the fickle,

fickle: see Prov 17:9.
Prov 24:22 ‫כִּֽי־פִ֭תְאֹם יָק֣וּם אֵידָ֑ם וּפִ֥יד שְׁ֝נֵיהֶ֗ם מִ֣י יוֹדֵֽעַ׃ ס‬

For suddenly their downfall arises,

And who knows

The demise of them both?

Prov 24:23 ‫גַּם־אֵ֥לֶּה לַֽחֲכָמִ֑ים הַֽכֵּר־פָּנִ֖ים בְּמִשְׁפָּ֣ט בַּל־טֽוֹב׃‬

These things too belong to the wise.

It is not right to show partiality in judgment,

show partiality ← acknowledge faces.
Prov 24:24 ‫אֹ֤מֵ֨ר ׀ לְרָשָׁע֮ צַדִּ֪יק אָ֥תָּה יִקְּבֻ֥הוּ עַמִּ֑ים יִזְעָמ֥וּהוּ לְאֻמִּֽים׃‬

Saying to the wicked man,

“You are righteous.”

Peoples will vilify him;

Nations will be indignant at him.

Prov 24:25 ‫וְלַמּוֹכִיחִ֥ים יִנְעָ֑ם וַֽ֝עֲלֵיהֶ֗ם תָּב֥וֹא בִרְכַּת־טֽוֹב׃‬

But to those who rebuke a man showing partiality,

It will be a delight,

And a good blessing will come on them.

Prov 24:26 ‫שְׂפָתַ֥יִם יִשָּׁ֑ק מֵ֝שִׁ֗יב דְּבָרִ֥ים נְכֹחִֽים׃‬

May one compliment the lips

When a man replies with straightforward words.

compliment ← kiss. Idiomatic; not lip-lip contact.
Prov 24:27 ‫הָ֘כֵ֤ן בַּח֨וּץ ׀ מְלַאכְתֶּ֗ךָ וְעַתְּדָ֣הּ בַּשָּׂדֶ֣ה לָ֑ךְ אַ֝חַ֗ר וּבָנִ֥יתָ בֵיתֶֽךָ׃ פ‬

Prepare your exterior work,

And make it ready for yourself on your site,

Then afterwards you can build your house.

your exterior work ← at outside your work.

site ← field.
Prov 24:28 ‫אַל־תְּהִ֣י עֵד־חִנָּ֣ם בְּרֵעֶ֑ךָ וַ֝הֲפִתִּ֗יתָ בִּשְׂפָתֶֽיךָ׃‬

Do not be a gratuitous witness against your neighbour,

And would you deceive with your lips?

Prov 24:29 ‫אַל־תֹּאמַ֗ר כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר עָֽשָׂה־לִ֭י כֵּ֤ן אֶֽעֱשֶׂה־לּ֑וֹ אָשִׁ֖יב לָאִ֣ישׁ כְּפָעֳלֽוֹ׃‬

Do not say,

“As he has done to me,

So I will do to him.

I will requite the man according to his deed.”

Alluded to in Rom 12:19.
Prov 24:30 ‫עַל־שְׂדֵ֣ה אִישׁ־עָצֵ֣ל עָבַ֑רְתִּי וְעַל־כֶּ֝֗רֶם אָדָ֥ם חֲסַר־לֵֽב׃‬

I passed by the field of a lazy man,

And by the vineyard of a weak-minded person,

weak-minded ← lacking heart.
Prov 24:31 ‫וְהִנֵּ֨ה עָ֘לָ֤ה כֻלּ֨וֹ ׀ קִמְּשֹׂנִ֗ים כָּסּ֣וּ פָנָ֣יו חֲרֻלִּ֑ים וְגֶ֖דֶר אֲבָנָ֣יו נֶהֱרָֽסָה׃‬

And what I saw was

That thistles had overgrown it all,

And that its surface was covered in nettles,

And that the stone wall was dilapidated.

and what I saw wasbehold.

overgrown ← come up (over).

was covered: AV differs, not recognizing that כָּסּוּ is pual, so passive.
Prov 24:32 ‫וָֽאֶחֱזֶ֣ה אָ֭נֹכִֽי אָשִׁ֣ית לִבִּ֑י רָ֝אִ֗יתִי לָקַ֥חְתִּי מוּסָֽר׃‬

So I took note and laid it to heart;

I looked and received instruction.

to heart ← to my heart.
Prov 24:33 ‫מְעַ֣ט שֵׁ֭נוֹת מְעַ֣ט תְּנוּמ֑וֹת מְעַ֓ט ׀ חִבֻּ֖ק יָדַ֣יִם לִשְׁכָּֽב׃‬

A little more sleep,

A little more slumbering,

A little more folding the arms to lie down,

Prov 24:34 ‫וּבָֽא־מִתְהַלֵּ֥ךְ רֵישֶׁ֑ךָ וּ֝מַחְסֹרֶ֗יךָ כְּאִ֣ישׁ מָגֵֽן׃ פ‬

And along will come your impoverishment

And your penury,

Like a man with a shield.

penury ← lack.

a man with a shield ← a man of a shield. Compare Prov 6:11.
Prov 25:1 ‫גַּם־אֵ֭לֶּה מִשְׁלֵ֣י שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר הֶ֝עְתִּ֗יקוּ אַנְשֵׁ֤י ׀ חִזְקִיָּ֬ה מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָֽה׃‬ These too are Solomon's proverbs which Hezekiah king of Judah's men transcribed.
Prov 25:2 ‫כְּבֹ֣ד אֱ֭לֹהִים הַסְתֵּ֣ר דָּבָ֑ר וּכְבֹ֥ד מְ֝לָכִ֗ים חֲקֹ֣ר דָּבָֽר׃‬

It is God's glory to conceal a matter,

And the glory of kings to investigate a matter.

Prov 25:3 ‫שָׁמַ֣יִם לָ֭רוּם וָאָ֣רֶץ לָעֹ֑מֶק וְלֵ֥ב מְ֝לָכִ֗ים אֵ֣ין חֵֽקֶר׃‬

Heaven for height

And the earth for depth,

But there is no searching the heart of kings.

Prov 25:4 ‫הָג֣וֹ סִיגִ֣ים מִכָּ֑סֶף וַיֵּצֵ֖א לַצֹּרֵ֣ף כֶּֽלִי׃‬

Remove the dross from the silver,

And let the refiner's silverware be produced.

remove: infinitive absolute in the role of an imperative.

be produced ← come out, but also as qal for passive of hiphil, be brought out.
Prov 25:5 ‫הָג֣וֹ רָ֭שָׁע לִפְנֵי־מֶ֑לֶךְ וְיִכּ֖וֹן בַּצֶּ֣דֶק כִּסְאֽוֹ׃‬

Remove the wicked man from the king's presence,

And his throne will be established in righteousness.

remove: see Prov 25:4.
Prov 25:6 ‫אַל־תִּתְהַדַּ֥ר לִפְנֵי־מֶ֑לֶךְ וּבִמְק֥וֹם גְּ֝דֹלִ֗ים אַֽל־תַּעֲמֹֽד׃‬

Do not vaunt yourself in the presence of the king,

And do not stand in the place of high-ranking men,

high-ranking ← great.

Compare Luke 14:7 - Luke 14:9.
Prov 25:7 ‫כִּ֤י ט֥וֹב אֲמָר־לְךָ֗ עֲ‍ֽלֵ֫ה הֵ֥נָּה מֵֽ֭הַשְׁפִּ֣ילְךָ לִפְנֵ֣י נָדִ֑יב אֲשֶׁ֖ר רָא֣וּ עֵינֶֽיךָ׃‬

For it is better that someone says to you,

“Come up here”,

Than that he humiliates you in the presence of a noble

Whom your eyes have seen.

Prov 25:8 ‫אַל־תֵּצֵ֥א לָרִ֗ב מַ֫הֵ֥ר פֶּ֣ן מַה־תַּ֭עֲשֶׂה בְּאַחֲרִיתָ֑הּ בְּהַכְלִ֖ים אֹתְךָ֣ רֵעֶֽךָ׃‬

Do not go out to litigate precipitously,

In case of what you might need to do as a consequence of it

When your neighbour puts you to shame.

as a consequence of it ← in its latter end.
Prov 25:9 ‫רִֽ֭יבְךָ רִ֣יב אֶת־רֵעֶ֑ךָ וְס֖וֹד אַחֵ֣ר אַל־תְּגָֽל׃‬

Contend your case with your neighbour,

But do not divulge a secret to another person,

contend your case: i.e. if you must.

a secret to another person: or (any) other private matter.
Prov 25:10 ‫פֶּֽן־יְחַסֶּדְךָ֥ שֹׁמֵ֑עַ וְ֝דִבָּתְךָ֗ לֹ֣א תָשֽׁוּב׃‬

In case one who is out to discredit you hears,

And the consequences of your slander don't go away.

go away ← recede, turn.
Prov 25:11 ‫תַּפּוּחֵ֣י זָ֭הָב בְּמַשְׂכִּיּ֥וֹת כָּ֑סֶף דָּ֝בָ֗ר דָּבֻ֥ר עַל־אָפְנָֽיו׃‬

A word spoken in season

Is like golden apple-shaped beads in silver showpieces.

Prov 25:12 ‫נֶ֣זֶם זָ֭הָב וַחֲלִי־כָ֑תֶם מוֹכִ֥יחַ חָ֝כָ֗ם עַל־אֹ֥זֶן שֹׁמָֽעַת׃‬

To a hearing ear,

A wise reprover is like a golden earring

Or an ornament of fine gold.

Prov 25:13 ‫כְּצִנַּת־שֶׁ֨לֶג ׀ בְּי֬וֹם קָצִ֗יר צִ֣יר נֶ֭אֱמָן לְשֹׁלְחָ֑יו וְנֶ֖פֶשׁ אֲדֹנָ֣יו יָשִֽׁיב׃ פ‬

A faithful messenger is to those who send him

Like the cooling effect of snow on a day in the harvest season,

And he refreshes the spirit of his masters.

spirit ← soul.
Prov 25:14 ‫נְשִׂיאִ֣ים וְ֭רוּחַ וְגֶ֣שֶׁם אָ֑יִן אִ֥ישׁ מִ֝תְהַלֵּ֗ל בְּמַתַּת־שָֽׁקֶר׃‬

A man who boasts in a dishonest gift

Is like mists and wind, but no rain.

dishonest gift ← gift of falsehood, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 25:15 ‫בְּאֹ֣רֶךְ אַ֭פַּיִם יְפֻתֶּ֣ה קָצִ֑ין וְלָשׁ֥וֹן רַ֝כָּ֗ה תִּשְׁבָּר־גָּֽרֶם׃‬

A senior official is persuaded by much persistence,

And a gentle tongue can break bones.

persistence ← length of temper; forbearance. Compare Jer 15:15.

gentle ← soft.

bones ← a bone.
Prov 25:16 ‫דְּבַ֣שׁ מָ֭צָאתָ אֱכֹ֣ל דַּיֶּ֑ךָּ פֶּן־תִּ֝שְׂבָּעֶ֗נּוּ וַהֲקֵֽאתֽוֹ׃‬

If you find honey

Only eat what is sufficient for you,

Lest you become satiated with it

And vomit it out.

Prov 25:17 ‫הֹקַ֣ר רַ֭גְלְךָ מִבֵּ֣ית רֵעֶ֑ךָ פֶּן־יִ֝שְׂבָּעֲךָ֗ וּשְׂנֵאֶֽךָ׃‬

Make yourself scarce in your neighbour's house

Lest he has enough of you,

And takes a disliking to you.

make yourself scarce ← make your foot rare from.
Prov 25:18 ‫מֵפִ֣יץ וְ֭חֶרֶב וְחֵ֣ץ שָׁנ֑וּן אִ֥ישׁ עֹנֶ֥ה בְ֝רֵעֵ֗הוּ עֵ֣ד שָֽׁקֶר׃‬

A man who testifies against his neighbour with a false testimony

Is a club and a sword and a sharp arrow.

Prov 25:19 ‫שֵׁ֣ן רֹ֭עָה וְרֶ֣גֶל מוּעָ֑דֶת מִבְטָ֥ח בּ֝וֹגֵ֗ד בְּי֣וֹם צָרָֽה׃‬

Putting trust in a traitor

In a time of tribulation

Is like a bad tooth

Or a sprained foot.

time ← day.
Prov 25:20 ‫מַ֥עֲדֶה בֶּ֨גֶד ׀ בְּי֣וֹם קָ֭רָה חֹ֣מֶץ עַל־נָ֑תֶר וְשָׁ֥ר בַּ֝שִּׁרִ֗ים עַ֣ל לֶב־רָֽע׃ פ‬

He who removes a person's garment on a cold day

Is like vinegar on soda,

Or one who sings songs to a grieving heart.

grieving ← bad.

AV differs in syntactical arrangement.
Prov 25:21 ‫אִם־רָעֵ֣ב שֹׂ֭נַאֲךָ הַאֲכִלֵ֣הוּ לָ֑חֶם וְאִם־צָ֝מֵ֗א הַשְׁקֵ֥הוּ מָֽיִם׃‬

If he who hates you is hungry,

Give him food;

And if he is thirsty,

Give him water to drink,

Rom 12:20.

give him food ← feed him bread, standing for food in general. See 1 Sam 28:22-24.
Prov 25:22 ‫כִּ֤י גֶֽחָלִ֗ים אַ֭תָּה חֹתֶ֣ה עַל־רֹאשׁ֑וֹ וַֽ֝יהוָ֗ה יְשַׁלֶּם־לָֽךְ׃‬

For then you are heaping burning coals on his head,

And the Lord will repay you.

Rom 12:19, Rom 12:20.

heaping ← shovelling.
Prov 25:23 ‫ר֣וּחַ צָ֭פוֹן תְּח֣וֹלֵֽל גָּ֑שֶׁם וּפָנִ֥ים נִ֝זְעָמִ֗ים לְשׁ֣וֹן סָֽתֶר׃‬

A northern wind brings forth rain,

And a resentful face an uncommunicative tongue.

brings forth: AV differs (driveth away).

an uncommunicative tongue ← a tongue of secrecy, a Hebraic genitive. AV differs somewhat, and it is stronger (backbiting).
Prov 25:24 ‫ט֗וֹב שֶׁ֥בֶת עַל־פִּנַּת־גָּ֑ג מֵאֵ֥שֶׁת *מדונים **מִ֝דְיָנִ֗ים וּבֵ֥ית חָֽבֶר׃‬

It is better to live in the corner of a roof,

Than in a mansion,

But with a contentious wife.

contentious ← of contentions. The ketiv and qeré are similar words with the same meaning. As in Prov 18:19, Prov 21:19; Prov 23:29 (which has the textual issue).

live ... mansion: see Prov 21:9, and the additional note there.
Prov 25:25 ‫מַ֣יִם קָ֭רִים עַל־נֶ֣פֶשׁ עֲיֵפָ֑ה וּשְׁמוּעָ֥ה ט֝וֹבָ֗ה מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מֶרְחָֽק׃‬

As cold water is to a weary person,

So is a good report from a distant land.

person ← soul.

so: wider use of the vav.
Prov 25:26 ‫מַעְיָ֣ן נִ֭רְפָּשׂ וּמָק֣וֹר מָשְׁחָ֑ת צַ֝דִּ֗יק מָ֣ט לִפְנֵֽי־רָשָֽׁע׃‬

A righteous man tottering before a wicked one

Is like a turbid spring and a sullied water-source.

Prov 25:27 ‫אָ֘כֹ֤ל דְּבַ֣שׁ הַרְבּ֣וֹת לֹא־ט֑וֹב וְחֵ֖קֶר כְּבֹדָ֣ם כָּבֽוֹד׃‬

It is not good to eat much honey,

But investigation of what has glory

Is itself glory.

to eat: infinitive absolute.

what has glory ← their glory.

AV differs in the second hemistich (so for men to search their own glory is not glory.).
Prov 25:28 ‫עִ֣יר פְּ֭רוּצָה אֵ֣ין חוֹמָ֑ה אִ֝֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֵ֖ין מַעְצָ֣ר לְרוּחֽוֹ׃‬

A man who has no restraint of his spirit

Is like a breached city which has no wall.

Prov 26:1 ‫כַּשֶּׁ֤לֶג ׀ בַּקַּ֗יִץ וְכַמָּטָ֥ר בַּקָּצִ֑יר כֵּ֤ן לֹא־נָאוֶ֖ה לִכְסִ֣יל כָּבֽוֹד׃‬

As snow in summer

And as rain in the harvest,

So it is not becoming

For a fool to have honour.

Prov 26:2 ‫כַּצִּפּ֣וֹר לָ֭נוּד כַּדְּר֣וֹר לָע֑וּף כֵּ֥ן קִֽלְלַ֥ת חִ֝נָּ֗ם *לא **ל֣וֹ תָבֹֽא׃‬

As a bird takes flight,

As a swallow flies away,

So shall a gratuitous curse

{K: Not come to pass} [Q: Come to him].

The qeré could be taken as come to pass on the one who made the curse.
Prov 26:3 ‫שׁ֣וֹט לַ֭סּוּס מֶ֣תֶג לַחֲמ֑וֹר וְ֝שֵׁ֗בֶט לְגֵ֣ו כְּסִילִֽים׃‬

A whip for the horse,

A bridle for the donkey,

And a rod for the back of fools.

Prov 26:4 ‫אַל־תַּ֣עַן כְּ֭סִיל כְּאִוַּלְתּ֑וֹ פֶּֽן־תִּשְׁוֶה־לּ֥וֹ גַם־אָֽתָּה׃‬

Do not answer a fool according to his own foolishness,

In case you yourself come to resemble him.

you yourself ← also you.
Prov 26:5 ‫עֲנֵ֣ה כְ֭סִיל כְּאִוַּלְתּ֑וֹ פֶּן־יִהְיֶ֖ה חָכָ֣ם בְּעֵינָֽיו׃‬

Do answer a fool according to his own foolishness,

So that he does not become wise in his own eyes.

This and the preceding verse give the risks whether answering a fool according to his foolishness or not.
Prov 26:6 ‫מְקַצֶּ֣ה רַ֭גְלַיִם חָמָ֣ס שֹׁתֶ֑ה שֹׁלֵ֖חַ דְּבָרִ֣ים בְּיַד־כְּסִֽיל׃‬

He who sends a message by the agency of a fool

Cuts off the feet and drinks injury.

agency ← hand.
Prov 26:7 ‫דַּלְי֣וּ שֹׁ֭קַיִם מִפִּסֵּ֑חַ וּ֝מָשָׁ֗ל בְּפִ֣י כְסִילִֽים׃‬

You could amputate the legs of a lame man

And a proverb in the mouth of a fool.

you could amputate the legs of a lame manremove ([ST] ôter) the legs from a lame (man). Others, the legs of a lame (man are) weak, but this does not account for the imperative or the preposition from. AV differs (... are not equal).
Prov 26:8 ‫כִּצְר֣וֹר אֶ֭בֶן בְּמַרְגֵּמָ֑ה כֵּן־נוֹתֵ֖ן לִכְסִ֣יל כָּבֽוֹד׃‬

As a grain of grit in a heap of boulders,

So is he who gives a fool honour.

grit ← stone.

heap of boulders: AV differs (sling).
Prov 26:9 ‫ח֭וֹחַ עָלָ֣ה בְיַד־שִׁכּ֑וֹר וּ֝מָשָׁ֗ל בְּפִ֣י כְסִילִֽים׃‬

A thorn gets stuck in the hand of a drunkard,

And a proverb in the mouths of fools.

gets stuck in ← goes up into.

mouths ← mouth, but plural fools.
Prov 26:10 ‫רַ֥ב מְחֽוֹלֵֽל־כֹּ֑ל וְשֹׂכֵ֥ר כְּ֝סִ֗יל וְשֹׂכֵ֥ר עֹבְרִֽים׃‬

A great man produces all kinds of things,

But he who hires a fool

Also hires those who are remiss.

are remiss ← pass over, so also more strongly, transgress.

AV differs throughout (The great God that formed all things both rewardeth the fool, and rewardeth transgressors).
Prov 26:11 ‫כְּ֭כֶלֶב שָׁ֣ב עַל־קֵא֑וֹ כְּ֝סִ֗יל שׁוֹנֶ֥ה בְאִוַּלְתּֽוֹ׃‬

Like a dog which returns to its own vomit,

Is a fool who repeats his stupidity.

2 Pet 2:22.
Prov 26:12 ‫רָאִ֗יתָ אִ֭ישׁ חָכָ֣ם בְּעֵינָ֑יו תִּקְוָ֖ה לִכְסִ֣יל מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃‬

Have you seen a man wise in his own eyes?

A fool has more hope than him.

than him: or, if the reader prefers, than he.
Prov 26:13 ‫אָמַ֣ר עָ֭צֵל שַׁ֣חַל בַּדָּ֑רֶךְ אֲ֝רִ֗י בֵּ֣ין הָרְחֹבֽוֹת׃‬

A lazy man says,

There is a lion in the road

– A fierce lion among the streets.”

Prov 26:14 ‫הַ֭דֶּלֶת תִּסּ֣וֹב עַל־צִירָ֑הּ וְ֝עָצֵ֗ל עַל־מִטָּתֽוֹ׃‬

A door turns on its hinge,

And a lazy man on his bed.

Prov 26:15 ‫טָ֘מַ֤ן עָצֵ֣ל יָ֭דוֹ בַּצַּלָּ֑חַת נִ֝לְאָ֗ה לַֽהֲשִׁיבָ֥הּ אֶל־פִּֽיו׃‬

A lazy man dips his hand in the bowl,

But can't be bothered to bring it back to his mouth.

can't be bothered ← is weary.

Compare Prov 19:24.
Prov 26:16 ‫חָכָ֣ם עָצֵ֣ל בְּעֵינָ֑יו מִ֝שִּׁבְעָ֗ה מְשִׁ֣יבֵי טָֽעַם׃‬

A lazy man is wise in his own eyes

More so than seven men can give a reason for.

give a reason forreturn discernment (for).
Prov 26:17 ‫מַחֲזִ֥יק בְּאָזְנֵי־כָ֑לֶב עֹבֵ֥ר מִ֝תְעַבֵּ֗ר עַל־רִ֥יב לֹּֽא־לֽוֹ׃‬

He who crosses over and interferes in a dispute

Which doesn't belong to him,

Is like one who seizes a dog's ears.

interferes ← goes beyond limits.
Prov 26:18 ‫כְּֽ֭מִתְלַהְלֵהַּ הַיֹּרֶ֥ה זִקִּ֗ים חִצִּ֥ים וָמָֽוֶת׃‬

Like a madman who shoots darts, arrows and death,

Prov 26:19 ‫כֵּֽן־אִ֭ישׁ רִמָּ֣ה אֶת־רֵעֵ֑הוּ וְ֝אָמַ֗ר הֲ‍ֽלֹא־מְשַׂחֵ֥ק אָֽנִי׃‬

So is a man who deceives his neighbour and says,

I was only jesting, wasn't I?”

Prov 26:20 ‫בְּאֶ֣פֶס עֵ֭צִים תִּכְבֶּה־אֵ֑שׁ וּבְאֵ֥ין נִ֝רְגָּ֗ן יִשְׁתֹּ֥ק מָדֽוֹן׃‬

When there are no more logs,

The fire goes out,

And when there is no gossipmonger,

Contention abates.

Prov 26:21 ‫פֶּחָ֣ם לְ֭גֶחָלִים וְעֵצִ֣ים לְאֵ֑שׁ וְאִ֥ישׁ *מדונים **מִ֝דְיָנִ֗ים לְחַרְחַר־רִֽיב׃ פ‬

Coal for the embers,

And wood for the fire,

And a contentious man

To incite an argument.

a contentious man ← a man of contentions. The textual issue is as in Prov 25:24 etc.
Prov 26:22 ‫דִּבְרֵ֣י נִ֭רְגָּן כְּמִֽתְלַהֲמִ֑ים וְ֝הֵ֗ם יָרְד֥וּ חַדְרֵי־בָֽטֶן׃‬

The words of a gossipmonger are like delicacies,

Which descend into the inner parts of the belly.

delicacies: AV differs (wounds).
Prov 26:23 ‫כֶּ֣סֶף סִ֭יגִים מְצֻפֶּ֣ה עַל־חָ֑רֶשׂ שְׂפָתַ֖יִם דֹּלְקִ֣ים וְלֶב־רָֽע׃‬

Ardent lips but an evil heart

Are like silver dross overlaid on a shard.

Prov 26:24 ‫*בשפתו **בִּ֭שְׂפָתָיו יִנָּכֵ֣ר שׂוֹנֵ֑א וּ֝בְקִרְבּ֗וֹ יָשִׁ֥ית מִרְמָֽה׃‬

He who hates

Puts up a pretence with his {Q: lips} [K: lip]

And harbours deceit inwardly.

inwardly ← in his inward part.
Prov 26:25 ‫כִּֽי־יְחַנֵּ֣ן ק֭וֹלוֹ אַל־תַּֽאֲמֶן־בּ֑וֹ כִּ֤י שֶׁ֖בַע תּוֹעֵב֣וֹת בְּלִבּֽוֹ׃‬

When he sounds gracious,

Do not believe him,

For there are seven abominations in his heart.

sounds gracious ← makes his voice gracious.
Prov 26:26 ‫תִּכַּסֶּ֣ה שִׂ֭נְאָה בְּמַשָּׁא֑וֹן תִּגָּלֶ֖ה רָעָת֣וֹ בְקָהָֽל׃‬

Hatred is concealed by deception,

But his evil will be discovered in the convocation.

concealed ← covered.
Prov 26:27 ‫כֹּֽרֶה־שַּׁ֭חַת בָּ֣הּ יִפֹּ֑ל וְגֹ֥לֵ֥ל אֶ֝בֶן אֵלָ֥יו תָּשֽׁוּב׃‬

He who digs a pit will fall into it,

And as for him who rolls a stone,

It will come back upon him.

Prov 26:28 ‫לְֽשׁוֹן־שֶׁ֭קֶר יִשְׂנָ֣א דַכָּ֑יו וּפֶ֥ה חָ֝לָ֗ק יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה מִדְחֶֽה׃‬

A lying tongue hates those whom it has oppressed,

And a flattering mouth brings about ruin.

those whom it has oppressed ← its oppressed (ones).
Prov 27:1 ‫אַֽל־תִּ֭תְהַלֵּל בְּי֣וֹם מָחָ֑ר כִּ֤י לֹא־תֵ֝דַ֗ע מַה־יֵּ֥לֶד יֽוֹם׃‬

Do not boast about tomorrow,

For you do not know what the day will bring.

bring ← bear, give birth to.
Prov 27:2 ‫יְהַלֶּלְךָ֣ זָ֣ר וְלֹא־פִ֑יךָ נָ֝כְרִ֗י וְאַל־שְׂפָתֶֽיךָ׃‬

Let an outsider praise you,

And not your own mouth

– A foreigner,

And not your own lips.

outsider ← stranger.
Prov 27:3 ‫כֹּֽבֶד־אֶ֭בֶן וְנֵ֣טֶל הַח֑וֹל וְכַ֥עַס אֱ֝וִ֗יל כָּבֵ֥ד מִשְּׁנֵיהֶֽם׃‬

There is the weight of a stone

And the burden of sand,

But a fool's anger is more burdensome than either of them.

either of them ← the two of them, but applicable individually, to each.
Prov 27:4 ‫אַכְזְרִיּ֣וּת חֵ֭מָה וְשֶׁ֣טֶף אָ֑ף וּמִ֥י יַ֝עֲמֹד לִפְנֵ֥י קִנְאָֽה׃‬

There are cruelty and fury,

And the eruption of anger,

But who can stand

In the face of envy?

eruption ← effusion.
Prov 27:5 ‫ט֭וֹבָה תּוֹכַ֣חַת מְגֻלָּ֑ה מֵֽאַהֲבָ֥ה מְסֻתָּֽרֶת׃‬

Open reproof is better

Than secret love.

open ← uncovered.

secret ← hidden.
Prov 27:6 ‫נֶ֭אֱמָנִים פִּצְעֵ֣י אוֹהֵ֑ב וְ֝נַעְתָּר֗וֹת נְשִׁיק֥וֹת שׂוֹנֵֽא׃‬

Wounds from a friend

Are bearable,

But the kisses of one who hates

Are glib.

bearable ← faithful, but see Isa 60:4 where the verb means be carried.

glib: the Hebrew word has connotations of profusion and insincerity.
Prov 27:7 ‫נֶ֣פֶשׁ שְׂ֭בֵעָה תָּב֣וּס נֹ֑פֶת וְנֶ֥פֶשׁ רְ֝עֵבָ֗ה כָּל־מַ֥ר מָתֽוֹק׃‬

One with a satisfied appetite will trample a honeycomb under foot,

But to one with a ravenous appetite,

Even anything bitter is sweet.

appetite (2x)soul.

anything ← everything.
Prov 27:8 ‫כְּ֭צִפּוֹר נוֹדֶ֣דֶת מִן־קִנָּ֑הּ כֵּֽן־אִ֝֗ישׁ נוֹדֵ֥ד מִמְּקוֹמֽוֹ׃‬

As a bird which flies away from its nest,

So is a man who migrates from his place.

Prov 27:9 ‫שֶׁ֣מֶן וּ֭קְטֹרֶת יְשַׂמַּֽח־לֵ֑ב וּמֶ֥תֶק רֵ֝עֵ֗הוּ מֵֽעֲצַת־נָֽפֶשׁ׃‬

Oil and incense please the heart,

As does a friend's generosity

With vitally important advice.

generosity ← sweetness.

with vitally important advice ← from advice of the soul, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 27:10 ‫רֵֽעֲךָ֨ *ורעה **וְרֵ֪עַ אָבִ֡יךָ אַֽל־תַּעֲזֹ֗ב וּבֵ֥ית אָחִ֗יךָ אַל־תָּ֭בוֹא בְּי֣וֹם אֵידֶ֑ךָ ט֥וֹב שָׁכֵ֥ן קָ֝ר֗וֹב מֵאָ֥ח רָחֽוֹק׃‬

Do not forsake your own friend,

Or a friend of your father,

And do not enter your brother's house in the event of your downfall.

A nearby neighbour

Is better than a distant brother.

a friend: the ketiv and qeré are similar words with the same meaning.
Prov 27:11 ‫חֲכַ֣ם בְּ֭נִי וְשַׂמַּ֣ח לִבִּ֑י וְאָשִׁ֖יבָה חֹרְפִ֣י דָבָֽר׃‬

My son, become wise and please my heart

So that I can answer him who reproaches me.

so that: purposive use of the vav.

answer ← return word.
Prov 27:12 ‫עָר֤וּם רָאָ֣ה רָעָ֣ה נִסְתָּ֑ר פְּ֝תָאיִ֗ם עָבְר֥וּ נֶעֱנָֽשׁוּ׃‬

A prudent man sees evil and hides,

But the gullible cross over to it

And pay the penalty.

pay the penalty ← are punished.

Compare Prov 22:3.
Prov 27:13 ‫קַח־בִּ֭גְדוֹ כִּי־עָ֣רַב זָ֑ר וּבְעַ֖ד נָכְרִיָּ֣ה חַבְלֵֽהוּ׃‬

“Take his clothing,

For he became security to a stranger,

And bind him up,

For pledging to a foreign lady.”

Compare Prov 20:16.
Prov 27:14 ‫מְבָ֘רֵ֤ךְ רֵעֵ֨הוּ ׀ בְּק֣וֹל גָּ֭דוֹל בַּבֹּ֣קֶר הַשְׁכֵּ֑ים קְ֝לָלָ֗ה תֵּחָ֥שֶׁב לֽוֹ׃‬

As for him who rises early in the morning

And blesses his neighbour with a loud voice,

It will be considered a curse to him.

Prov 27:15 ‫דֶּ֣לֶף ט֭וֹרֵד בְּי֣וֹם סַגְרִ֑יר וְאֵ֥שֶׁת *מדונים **מִ֝דְיָנִ֗ים נִשְׁתָּוָֽה׃‬

The steady dripping on a day of persistent rain

Is what a contentious wife is comparable to.

contentious: the ketiv and qeré are similar words with the same meaning. As in Prov 18:19, Prov 21:19.
Prov 27:16 ‫צֹפְנֶ֥יהָ צָֽפַן־ר֑וּחַ וְשֶׁ֖מֶן יְמִינ֣וֹ יִקְרָֽא׃‬

He who would restrain her

Might as well restrain the wind,

And call for ointment to soothe his right hand.

he who would restrain her ← her restrainers, but followed by a singular verb.

ointment to soothe his right handoil of his right hand. Ironic, as if after much manual labour. There is no word for grasping, as some propose (see biblehub.com).

AV differs in several ways.
Prov 27:17 ‫בַּרְזֶ֣ל בְּבַרְזֶ֣ל יָ֑חַד וְ֝אִ֗ישׁ יַ֣חַד פְּנֵֽי־רֵעֵֽהוּ׃‬

Iron is sharpened by iron,

And a man sharpens the intellect of his neighbour.

intellect ← face.
Prov 27:18 ‫נֹצֵ֣ר תְּ֭אֵנָה יֹאכַ֣ל פִּרְיָ֑הּ וְשֹׁמֵ֖ר אֲדֹנָ֣יו יְכֻבָּֽד׃‬

He who keeps a fig tree

Will eat of its fruit,

And he who heeds his master

Will be honoured.

heeds ← keeps, guards, but also takes heed of.
Prov 27:19 ‫כַּ֭מַּיִם הַפָּנִ֣ים לַפָּנִ֑ים כֵּ֤ן לֵֽב־הָ֝אָדָ֗ם לָאָדָֽם׃‬

Just as water reflects a face back to a face,

So a man's heart reflects the man.

Prov 27:20 ‫שְׁא֣וֹל *ואבדה **וַ֭אֲבַדּוֹ לֹ֣א תִשְׂבַּ֑עְנָה וְעֵינֵ֥י הָ֝אָדָ֗ם לֹ֣א תִשְׂבַּֽעְנָה׃‬

The grave and destruction are never satisfied,

And never satisfied are the eyes of man.

destruction: the ketiv and qeré are similar words with the same meaning, similar to the Hebrew Abaddon; compare Rev 9:11.

never satisfied ... never satisfied ← not satisfied ... not satisfied. Otiose, but see Gen 12:5.
Prov 27:21 ‫מַצְרֵ֣ף לַ֭כֶּסֶף וְכ֣וּר לַזָּהָ֑ב וְ֝אִ֗ישׁ לְפִ֣י מַהֲלָלֽוֹ׃‬

The crucible is for silver,

And the furnace for gold,

But a man is assessed

According to how he is commended.

how he is commended ← his commendation, an objective genitive.

Compare Prov 17:3.
Prov 27:22 ‫אִ֥ם תִּכְתּֽוֹשׁ־אֶת־הָאֱוִ֨יל ׀ בַּֽמַּכְתֵּ֡שׁ בְּת֣וֹךְ הָ֭רִיפוֹת בַּֽעֱלִ֑י לֹא־תָס֥וּר מֵ֝עָלָ֗יו אִוַּלְתּֽוֹ׃ פ‬

Even if you were to grind the fool in a mortar

Among the crushed grain, with a pestle,

His stupidity would not depart from him.

a mortar ... a pestle ← the mortar ... the pestle. An unexpected definite article. See Gen 22:9.
Prov 27:23 ‫יָדֹ֣עַ תֵּ֭דַע פְּנֵ֣י צֹאנֶ֑ךָ שִׁ֥ית לִ֝בְּךָ֗ לַעֲדָרִֽים׃‬

Make a point of knowing the condition of your sheep,

And pay attention to the flocks,

make a point of knowing: infinitive absolute.

condition ← face.

pay attention ← lay to your heart.
Prov 27:24 ‫כִּ֤י לֹ֣א לְעוֹלָ֣ם חֹ֑סֶן וְאִם־נֵ֝֗זֶר לְד֣וֹר *דור **וָדֽוֹר׃‬

For riches do not endure for ever

Nor does a crown from generation {Q: to} [K: to] generation.

for ever ← for the age.

nor ← and if. Perhaps strong denial using an abbreviation of the oath formula of 2 Sam 3:35.
Prov 27:25 ‫גָּלָ֣ה חָ֭צִיר וְנִרְאָה־דֶ֑שֶׁא וְ֝נֶאֶסְפ֗וּ עִשְּׂב֥וֹת הָרִֽים׃‬

The hay is taken away,

The fresh grass appears,

And the vegetation of the mountains is gathered.

is taken away: AV differs, as if niphal (appeareth), but [AnLx] includes disappear.
Prov 27:26 ‫כְּבָשִׂ֥ים לִלְבוּשֶׁ֑ךָ וּמְחִ֥יר שָׂ֝דֶ֗ה עַתּוּדִֽים׃‬

Lambs are for your clothing,

And goats pay for the price of their field,

Prov 27:27 ‫וְדֵ֤י ׀ חֲלֵ֬ב עִזִּ֗ים לְֽ֭לַחְמְךָ לְלֶ֣חֶם בֵּיתֶ֑ךָ וְ֝חַיִּ֗ים לְנַעֲרוֹתֶֽיךָ׃‬

And you will have sufficient goats' milk for your own food,

And for the food of your household

And sustenance for your maidservants.

food ← bread, standing for food in general (here for dairy produce). See 1 Sam 28:22-24.

sustenance ← life.
Prov 28:1 ‫נָ֣סוּ וְאֵין־רֹדֵ֣ף רָשָׁ֑ע וְ֝צַדִּיקִ֗ים כִּכְפִ֥יר יִבְטָֽח׃‬

The wicked flee when there is no pursuer,

But the righteous have confidence like a lion.

the wicked: singular, but with plural verb.

the righteous: plural, but with singular verb (though its subject could be taken to be a lion).
Prov 28:2 ‫בְּפֶ֣שַֽׁע אֶ֭רֶץ רַבִּ֣ים שָׂרֶ֑יהָ וּבְאָדָ֥ם מֵבִ֥ין יֹ֝דֵ֗עַ כֵּ֣ן יַאֲרִֽיךְ׃‬

For the misrule of a country,

It has many rulers,

But with a man who understands and is knowledgeable,

Its basis will last long.

misrule ← transgression.
Prov 28:3 ‫גֶּ֣בֶר רָ֭שׁ וְעֹשֵׁ֣ק דַּלִּ֑ים מָטָ֥ר סֹ֝חֵ֗ף וְאֵ֣ין לָֽחֶם׃‬

An impoverished man who oppresses the poor

Is like sweeping rain

And no food.

food ← bread, standing for food in general. See 1 Sam 28:22-24.
Prov 28:4 ‫עֹזְבֵ֣י ת֭וֹרָה יְהַֽלְל֣וּ רָשָׁ֑ע וְשֹׁמְרֵ֥י ת֝וֹרָ֗ה יִתְגָּ֥רוּ בָֽם׃ פ‬

Those who forsake the law

Praise the wicked man,

But those who keep the law

Are offended by them.

offended: or provoked. AV differs somewhat (contend).
Prov 28:5 ‫אַנְשֵׁי־רָ֭ע לֹא־יָבִ֣ינוּ מִשְׁפָּ֑ט וּמְבַקְשֵׁ֥י יְ֝הוָ֗ה יָבִ֥ינוּ כֹֽל׃‬

Evil men do not understand justice,

But those who seek the Lord

Will understand everything.

evil men ← men of evil, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 28:6 ‫טֽוֹב־רָ֭שׁ הוֹלֵ֣ךְ בְּתֻמּ֑וֹ מֵעִקֵּ֥שׁ דְּ֝רָכַ֗יִם וְה֣וּא עָשִֽׁיר׃‬

An impoverished man who walks in his integrity

Is better than one who perverts his ways,

But who is rich.

his ways: dual, suggesting double-dealing, but the consonantal text could also be plural.
Prov 28:7 ‫נוֹצֵ֣ר תּ֭וֹרָה בֵּ֣ן מֵבִ֑ין וְרֹעֶה זֽ֝וֹלְלִ֗ים יַכְלִ֥ים אָבִֽיו׃‬

He who keeps the law

Is an understanding son,

But he who associates with the debauched

Puts his father to shame.

debauched: or prodigal.
Prov 28:8 ‫מַרְבֶּ֣ה ה֭וֹנוֹ בְּנֶ֣שֶׁךְ *ובתרבית **וְתַרְבִּ֑ית לְחוֹנֵ֖ן דַּלִּ֣ים יִקְבְּצֶֽנּוּ׃‬

He who increases his wealth by charging interest,

And {K: by} [Q: - ] exacting a financial return,

Accumulates it

For him who will be gracious to the poor.

Prov 28:9 ‫מֵסִ֣יר אָ֭זְנוֹ מִשְּׁמֹ֣עַ תּוֹרָ֑ה גַּֽם־תְּ֝פִלָּת֗וֹ תּוֹעֵבָֽה׃‬

As for him who turns a deaf ear to the law,

His prayer is an abomination in addition.

turns a deaf ear to ← removes his ear from hearing.
Prov 28:10 ‫מַשְׁגֶּ֤ה יְשָׁרִ֨ים ׀ בְּדֶ֥רֶךְ רָ֗ע בִּשְׁחוּת֥וֹ הֽוּא־יִפּ֑וֹל וּ֝תְמִימִ֗ים יִנְחֲלוּ־טֽוֹב׃‬

He who leads the upright astray into a bad way

Will fall into his own pit,

Whereas those with integrity

Will inherit what is good.

Prov 28:11 ‫חָכָ֣ם בְּ֭עֵינָיו אִ֣ישׁ עָשִׁ֑יר וְדַ֖ל מֵבִ֣ין יַחְקְרֶֽנּוּ׃‬

A rich man is wise in his own eyes,

But a poor man who has understanding

Will examine him.

examine: perhaps not just perspicacity when the rich man boasts, but a legal examination in the future.
Prov 28:12 ‫בַּעֲלֹ֣ץ צַ֭דִּיקִים רַבָּ֣ה תִפְאָ֑רֶת וּבְק֥וּם רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים יְחֻפַּ֥שׂ אָדָֽם׃‬

When the righteous rejoice,

There is great glory,

But when the wicked rise,

A man will be in hiding.

in hiding ← (needing to be) sought. Gerundival use of the pual (so passive) participle.
Prov 28:13 ‫מְכַסֶּ֣ה פְ֭שָׁעָיו לֹ֣א יַצְלִ֑יחַ וּמוֹדֶ֖ה וְעֹזֵ֣ב יְרֻחָֽם׃‬

He who covers up his transgressions

Will not be successful,

But he who confesses them and renounces them

Will be shown mercy.

renounces ← leaves, abandons.
Prov 28:14 ‫אַשְׁרֵ֣י אָ֭דָם מְפַחֵ֣ד תָּמִ֑יד וּמַקְשֶׁ֥ה לִ֝בּ֗וֹ יִפּ֥וֹל בְּרָעָֽה׃‬

Happy is the man who always fears,

But he who hardens his heart

Will land in trouble.

land in ← fall into.
Prov 28:15 ‫אֲרִי־נֹ֭הֵם וְדֹ֣ב שׁוֹקֵ֑ק מֹשֵׁ֥ל רָ֝שָׁ֗ע עַ֣ל עַם־דָּֽל׃‬

An evil ruler over a powerless people

Is a growling lion and a prowling bear.

Prov 28:16 ‫נָגִ֗יד חֲסַ֣ר תְּ֭בוּנוֹת וְרַ֥ב מַעֲשַׁקּ֑וֹת *שנאי **שֹׂ֥נֵא בֶ֝֗צַע יַאֲרִ֥יךְ יָמִֽים׃ פ‬

A leader who lacks understanding

And a great oppressor

What of him?

But {Q: he who hates} [K: those who hate] plunder

Will prolong {Q: his} [K: their] days.

a great oppressor ← great of oppressions.
Prov 28:17 ‫אָ֭דָם עָשֻׁ֣ק בְּדַם־נָפֶשׁ עַד־בּ֥וֹר יָ֝נ֗וּס אַל־יִתְמְכוּ־בֽוֹ׃‬

A man under pressure by having shed the blood of a person

Will flee until he goes to the grave.

May he not be given support.

person ← soul.

grave ← pit.

may he not be given support ← may they not support him. Avoidance of the passive.
Prov 28:18 ‫הוֹלֵ֣ךְ תָּ֭מִים יִוָּשֵׁ֑עַ וְנֶעְקַ֥שׁ דְּ֝רָכַ֗יִם יִפּ֥וֹל בְּאֶחָֽת׃‬

He who walks with integrity

Will be saved,

But he who is perverse in his ways

Will fall on one of them.

his ways: dual; see Prov 28:6.
Prov 28:19 ‫עֹבֵ֣ד אַ֭דְמָתוֹ יִֽשְׂבַּֽע־לָ֑חֶם וּמְרַדֵּ֥ף רֵ֝קִ֗ים יִֽשְׂבַּֽע־רִֽישׁ׃‬

He who cultivates his land

Will have plenty of food,

But he who pursues vain things

Will have plenty of scarcity.

food ← bread, standing for food in general. See 1 Sam 28:22-24.

scarcity: or poverty.
Prov 28:20 ‫אִ֣ישׁ אֱ֭מוּנוֹת רַב־בְּרָכ֑וֹת וְאָ֥ץ לְ֝הַעֲשִׁ֗יר לֹ֣א יִנָּקֶֽה׃‬

A faithful man will have many blessings,

But he who hastens to enrich himself

Will not be held guiltless.

faithful man ← man of faithfulnesses, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 28:21 ‫הַֽכֵּר־פָּנִ֥ים לֹא־ט֑וֹב וְעַל־פַּת־לֶ֝֗חֶם יִפְשַׁע־גָּֽבֶר׃‬

It is not good to show partiality,

Yet for a piece of bread

A man will transgress.

show partiality ← acknowledge faces.

yet: adversative use of the vav.

piece of bread: perhaps standing for an item of food. See 1 Sam 28:22-24.
Prov 28:22 ‫נִֽבֳהָ֥ל לַה֗וֹן אִ֭ישׁ רַ֣ע עָ֑יִן וְלֹֽא־יֵ֝דַע כִּי־חֶ֥סֶר יְבֹאֶֽנּוּ׃‬

A man with a covetous eye hastens to riches,

But he does not know

That scarcity will come upon him.

a man with (etc.): AV differs in syntactical arrangement.

scarcity: or lack.
Prov 28:23 ‫מ֘וֹכִ֤יחַ אָדָ֣ם אַ֭חֲרַי חֵ֣ן יִמְצָ֑א מִֽמַּחֲלִ֥יק לָשֽׁוֹן׃‬

He who reproves a man

Will find more goodwill afterwards

Than he who flatters with his tongue.

afterwards: we take the yod as paragogic; otherwise, the meaning is after me.
Prov 28:24 ‫גּוֹזֵ֤ל ׀ אָ֘בִ֤יו וְאִמּ֗וֹ וְאֹמֵ֥ר אֵֽין־פָּ֑שַׁע חָבֵ֥ר ה֝֗וּא לְאִ֣ישׁ מַשְׁחִֽית׃‬

As for him who robs his father and his mother,

Saying that it isn't wrong,

He is an accomplice

To a ruinous man.

wrong ← a transgression.

ruinous man ← man of ruin, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 28:25 ‫רְחַב־נֶ֭פֶשׁ יְגָרֶ֣ה מָד֑וֹן וּבוֹטֵ֖חַ עַל־יְהוָ֣ה יְדֻשָּֽׁן׃‬

He of an overbearing manner

Arouses strife,

But he who trusts in the Lord

Will be richly satisfied.

of an overbearing manner ← wide of soul.

richly satisfied ← made fat.
Prov 28:26 ‫בּוֹטֵ֣חַ בְּ֭לִבּוֹ ה֣וּא כְסִ֑יל וְהוֹלֵ֥ךְ בְּ֝חָכְמָ֗ה ה֣וּא יִמָּלֵֽט׃‬

He who trusts his own heart

Is a fool,

But he who walks in wisdom

Will be delivered.

Prov 28:27 ‫נוֹתֵ֣ן לָ֭רָשׁ אֵ֣ין מַחְס֑וֹר וּמַעְלִ֥ים עֵ֝ינָ֗יו רַב־מְאֵרֽוֹת׃‬

He who gives to the poor

Does not suffer lack,

But he who turns his eyes away

Incurs an abundance of curses.

turns his eyes away ← hides his eyes.
Prov 28:28 ‫בְּק֣וּם רְ֭שָׁעִים יִסָּתֵ֣ר אָדָ֑ם וּ֝בְאָבְדָ֗ם יִרְבּ֥וּ צַדִּיקִֽים׃‬

When the wicked rise up,

A man will go into hiding,

But when they perish

The righteous will be numerous.

go into hiding ← hide themselves, or be hidden.
Prov 29:1 ‫אִ֣ישׁ תּ֭וֹכָחוֹת מַקְשֶׁה־עֹ֑רֶף פֶּ֥תַע יִ֝שָּׁבֵ֗ר וְאֵ֣ין מַרְפֵּֽא׃‬

A man who has been reproved many times

Becomes stiff-necked

And will suddenly suffer a downfall

With no remedy.

a man who has been reproved many times ← a man of reproofs.

becomes stiff-necked ← stiffens his neck.

suffer a downfall ← be broken.
Prov 29:2 ‫בִּרְב֣וֹת צַ֭דִּיקִים יִשְׂמַ֣ח הָעָ֑ם וּבִמְשֹׁ֥ל רָ֝שָׁ֗ע יֵאָ֥נַֽח עָֽם׃‬

When the righteous have power,

The people are joyful,

But when a wicked man rules,

The people sigh.

but: adversative use of the vav.
Prov 29:3 ‫אִֽישׁ־אֹהֵ֣ב חָ֭כְמָה יְשַׂמַּ֣ח אָבִ֑יו וְרֹעֶ֥ה ז֝וֹנ֗וֹת יְאַבֶּד־הֽוֹן׃‬

A man who loves wisdom

Pleases his father,

But he who associates with prostitutes

Dissipates wealth.

dissipates ← destroys.
Prov 29:4 ‫מֶ֗לֶךְ בְּ֭מִשְׁפָּט יַעֲמִ֣יד אָ֑רֶץ וְאִ֖ישׁ תְּרוּמ֣וֹת יֶֽהֶרְסֶֽנָּה׃‬

A king reigning judiciously

Establishes a country,

But a man open to bribes

Demolishes it.

judiciously ← in justice.

bribes ← offerings. Also used of heave-offerings.
Prov 29:5 ‫גֶּ֭בֶר מַחֲלִ֣יק עַל־רֵעֵ֑הוּ רֶ֝֗שֶׁת פּוֹרֵ֥שׂ עַל־פְּעָמָֽיו׃‬

A man who flatters his neighbour

Spreads a net at his steps.

Prov 29:6 ‫בְּפֶ֤שַֽׁע אִ֣ישׁ רָ֣ע מוֹקֵ֑שׁ וְ֝צַדִּ֗יק יָר֥וּן וְשָׂמֵֽחַ׃‬

An evil man is a snare with his transgression,

But a righteous man shouts for joy

And rejoices.

Prov 29:7 ‫יֹדֵ֣עַ צַ֭דִּיק דִּ֣ין דַּלִּ֑ים רָ֝שָׁ֗ע לֹא־יָבִ֥ין דָּֽעַת׃‬

A righteous man recognizes the legal rights of the poor,

But a wicked man does not care to acknowledge them.

legal rights ← judgment; (legal) defence.

care to acknowledge ← attend to know.
Prov 29:8 ‫אַנְשֵׁ֣י לָ֭צוֹן יָפִ֣יחוּ קִרְיָ֑ה וַ֝חֲכָמִ֗ים יָשִׁ֥יבוּ אָֽף׃‬

Scornful men incite a town,

But the wise avert anger.

scornful men ← men of scorn, a Hebraic genitive.

incite: from root פוח. AV differs (bring into a snare), from root פחח.
Prov 29:9 ‫אִֽישׁ־חָכָ֗ם נִ֭שְׁפָּט אֶת־אִ֣ישׁ אֱוִ֑יל וְרָגַ֥ז וְ֝שָׂחַ֗ק וְאֵ֣ין נָֽחַת׃‬

As for a wise man litigating with a fool,

Whether he rages or laughs,

There is no rest.

Prov 29:10 ‫אַנְשֵׁ֣י דָ֭מִים יִשְׂנְאוּ־תָ֑ם וִֽ֝ישָׁרִ֗ים יְבַקְשׁ֥וּ נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃‬

Bloodthirsty men hate an integrous man,

But the upright seek to preserve his life.

bloodthirsty men ← men of blood.

life ← soul.
Prov 29:11 ‫כָּל־ר֭וּחוֹ יוֹצִ֣יא כְסִ֑יל וְ֝חָכָ֗ם בְּאָח֥וֹר יְשַׁבְּחֶֽנָּה׃‬

A fool gives vent to all his temperament,

But a wise man keeps it quiet in the background.

gives vent to all his temperament ← brings out all his spirit.

in the background: AV differs (till afterwards), which is לְאָחוֹר; see [AnLx].
Prov 29:12 ‫מֹ֭שֵׁל מַקְשִׁ֣יב עַל־דְּבַר־שָׁ֑קֶר כָּֽל־מְשָׁרְתָ֥יו רְשָׁעִֽים׃‬

If a ruler heeds lying words,

All his servants will be recruited from the wicked.

lying words ← a word of falsehood, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 29:13 ‫רָ֤שׁ וְאִ֣ישׁ תְּכָכִ֣ים נִפְגָּ֑שׁוּ מֵ֤אִיר־עֵינֵ֖י שְׁנֵיהֶ֣ם יְהוָֽה׃‬

When a poor man and a violent man meet,

The Lord enlightens the eyes of both of them.

violent man ← man of injuries, a Hebraic genitive.
Prov 29:14 ‫מֶ֤לֶךְ שׁוֹפֵ֣ט בֶּֽאֱמֶ֣ת דַּלִּ֑ים כִּ֝סְא֗וֹ לָעַ֥ד יִכּֽוֹן׃‬

If a king judges the poor truthfully,

His throne will be established in perpetuity.

Prov 29:15 ‫שֵׁ֣בֶט וְ֭תוֹכַחַת יִתֵּ֣ן חָכְמָ֑ה וְנַ֥עַר מְ֝שֻׁלָּ֗ח מֵבִ֥ישׁ אִמּֽוֹ׃‬

The rod and reproof yield wisdom,

But a child excused

Brings shame on his mother.

excused ← dismissed, so remitted.
Prov 29:16 ‫בִּרְב֣וֹת רְ֭שָׁעִים יִרְבֶּה־פָּ֑שַׁע וְ֝צַדִּיקִ֗ים בְּֽמַפַּלְתָּ֥ם יִרְאֽוּ׃‬

When the wicked increase,

Transgression increases too,

But the righteous will see their downfall.

Prov 29:17 ‫יַסֵּ֣ר בִּ֭נְךָ וִֽינִיחֶ֑ךָ וְיִתֵּ֖ן מַעֲדַנִּ֣ים לְנַפְשֶֽׁךָ׃ פ‬

Correct your son,

And he will give you rest,

And he will give your being great pleasure.

being ← soul.

great pleasure ← pleasures.
Prov 29:18 ‫בְּאֵ֣ין חָ֭זוֹן יִפָּ֣רַֽע עָ֑ם וְשֹׁמֵ֖ר תּוֹרָ֣ה אַשְׁרֵֽהוּ׃‬

When there is no vision,

The people will behave wildly,

But as for him who keeps the law,

Blessed is he.

behave wildly: AV differs (perish).
Prov 29:19 ‫בִּ֭דְבָרִים לֹא־יִוָּ֣סֶר עָ֑בֶד כִּֽי־יָ֝בִ֗ין וְאֵ֣ין מַעֲנֶֽה׃‬

A servant will not be corrected by words;

Even if he understands,

There will not be a response.

Prov 29:20 ‫חָזִ֗יתָ אִ֭ישׁ אָ֣ץ בִּדְבָרָ֑יו תִּקְוָ֖ה לִכְסִ֣יל מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃‬

Have you seen a man

Who was rash with his words?

There is more hope for a fool than him.

Prov 29:21 ‫מְפַנֵּ֣ק מִנֹּ֣עַר עַבְדּ֑וֹ וְ֝אַחֲרִית֗וֹ יִהְיֶ֥ה מָנֽוֹן׃‬

When one spoils one's servant from his youth,

The result of it will be ingratitude.

the result of it will be ingratitude ← his latter (time) will be ingratitude. AV differs (shall have him become his son at the length).
Prov 29:22 ‫אִֽישׁ־אַ֭ף יְגָרֶ֣ה מָד֑וֹן וּבַ֖עַל חֵמָ֣ה רַב־פָּֽשַׁע׃‬

A bad-tempered man stirs up strife,

And a man prone to fury

Is in great transgression.

bad-tempered man ← man of anger.

prone to ← of.
Prov 29:23 ‫גַּאֲוַ֣ת אָ֭דָם תַּשְׁפִּילֶ֑נּוּ וּשְׁפַל־ר֝֗וּחַ יִתְמֹ֥ךְ כָּבֽוֹד׃‬

A man's pride will bring him low,

But he of humble spirit will acquire honour.

but he of humble spirit will acquire honour: or but honour will support (him of) humble spirit. AV differs, taking the alternative.
Prov 29:24 ‫חוֹלֵ֣ק עִם־גַּ֭נָּב שׂוֹנֵ֣א נַפְשׁ֑וֹ אָלָ֥ה יִ֝שְׁמַ֗ע וְלֹ֣א יַגִּֽיד׃‬

He who shares spoil with a thief

Hates himself;

He hears an oath,

But he does not tell anyone.

himself ← his soul.

an oath: or a curse, i.e. a plot.
Prov 29:25 ‫חֶרְדַּ֣ת אָ֭דָם יִתֵּ֣ן מוֹקֵ֑שׁ וּבוֹטֵ֖חַ בַּיהוָ֣ה יְשֻׂגָּֽב׃‬

A man's disquiet constitutes a snare,

But he who trusts in the Lord

Will be placed in security.

Prov 29:26 ‫רַ֭בִּים מְבַקְשִׁ֣ים פְּנֵי־מוֹשֵׁ֑ל וּ֝מֵיְהוָ֗ה מִשְׁפַּט־אִֽישׁ׃‬

Many seek an audience with a ruler,

But a man's justice will come from the Lord.

an audience with ← the face of.
Prov 29:27 ‫תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת צַ֭דִּיקִים אִ֣ישׁ עָ֑וֶל וְתוֹעֲבַ֖ת רָשָׁ֣ע יְשַׁר־דָּֽרֶךְ׃ פ‬

An iniquitous man is an abomination to the righteous,

Whereas he who is upright in his way

Is an abomination to the wicked man.

an iniquitous man ← a man of iniquity, a Hebraic genitive.

upright in ← upright of.
Prov 30:1 ‫דִּבְרֵ֤י ׀ אָג֥וּר בִּן־יָקֶ֗ה הַמַּ֫שָּׂ֥א נְאֻ֣ם הַ֭גֶּבֶר לְאִֽיתִיאֵ֑ל לְאִ֖יתִיאֵ֣ל וְאֻכָֽל׃‬ The words of Agur the son of Jakeh. The burden which the man spoke to Ithiel, to Ithiel and Ucal. burden: see Isa 13:1.
Prov 30:2 ‫כִּ֤י בַ֣עַר אָנֹכִ֣י מֵאִ֑ישׁ וְלֹֽא־בִינַ֖ת אָדָ֣ם לִֽי׃‬

Now I am more unrefined than any individual,

And I do not have a man's erudition,

Prov 30:3 ‫וְלֹֽא־לָמַ֥דְתִּי חָכְמָ֑ה וְדַ֖עַת קְדֹשִׁ֣ים אֵדָֽע׃‬

And I have not learned wisdom,

But I do have knowledge of holy things.

but I do have knowledge: or, as AV, allowing the previous negation to apply to this clause as well, nor do I have, but surely Agur has been given some positive insight for his words to be admitted into scripture. So AV differs.
Prov 30:4 ‫מִ֤י עָלָֽה־שָׁמַ֨יִם ׀ וַיֵּרַ֡ד מִ֤י אָֽסַף־ר֨וּחַ ׀ בְּחָפְנָ֡יו מִ֤י צָֽרַר־מַ֨יִם ׀ בַּשִּׂמְלָ֗ה מִ֭י הֵקִ֣ים כָּל־אַפְסֵי־אָ֑רֶץ מַה־שְּׁמ֥וֹ וּמַֽה־שֶּׁם־בְּ֝נ֗וֹ כִּ֣י תֵדָֽע׃‬

Who has ascended to heaven and descended?

Who gathers the wind in his cupped hands?

Who has bound up the waters in a garment?

Who established all the ends of the earth?

What is his name,

And what is his son's name,

If you know?

a garment ← the garment. An unexpected definite article. See Gen 22:9.
Prov 30:5 ‫כָּל־אִמְרַ֣ת אֱל֣וֹהַּ צְרוּפָ֑ה מָגֵ֥ן ה֝֗וּא לַֽחֹסִ֥ים בּֽוֹ׃‬

Every saying of God has been refined;

It is a shield to those who take refuge in him.

Prov 30:6 ‫אַל־תּ֥וֹסְףְּ עַל־דְּבָרָ֑יו פֶּן־יוֹכִ֖יחַ בְּךָ֣ וְנִכְזָֽבְתָּ׃ פ‬

Do not add to his words,

Lest he reprove you,

And you are proved false.

Rev 22:18.
Prov 30:7 ‫שְׁ֭תַּיִם שָׁאַ֣לְתִּי מֵאִתָּ֑ךְ אַל־תִּמְנַ֥ע מִ֝מֶּ֗נִּי בְּטֶ֣רֶם אָמֽוּת׃‬

I have asked two things from you;

Do not withhold them from me

Before I die.

Prov 30:8 ‫שָׁ֤וְא ׀ וּֽדְבַר־כָּזָ֡ב הַרְחֵ֬ק מִמֶּ֗נִּי רֵ֣אשׁ וָ֭עֹשֶׁר אַל־תִּֽתֶּן־לִ֑י הַ֝טְרִיפֵ֗נִי לֶ֣חֶם חֻקִּֽי׃‬

Keep falsity and lying words away from me,

Do not give me poverty or riches;

Feed me on the food appointed for me,

lying words ← a word of lying, a Hebraic genitive.

food ← bread, standing for food in general. See 1 Sam 28:22-24.

appointed for me ← of my statute.
Prov 30:9 ‫פֶּ֥ן אֶשְׂבַּ֨ע ׀ וְכִחַשְׁתִּי֮ וְאָמַ֗רְתִּי מִ֥י יְה֫וָ֥ה וּפֶֽן־אִוָּרֵ֥שׁ וְגָנַ֑בְתִּי וְ֝תָפַ֗שְׂתִּי שֵׁ֣ם אֱלֹהָֽי׃ פ‬

Lest I should become excessively provided for,

And disavow, and say,

“Who is the Lord?”

And lest I should become impoverished and steal,

And use the name of my God irreverently.

excessively provided for ← satiated, and so blasé.

use the name of my God irreverently ← seize the name of my God.
Prov 30:10 ‫אַל־תַּלְשֵׁ֣ן עֶ֭בֶד אֶל־*אדנו **אֲדֹנָ֑יו פֶּֽן־יְקַלֶּלְךָ֥ וְאָשָֽׁמְתָּ׃‬

Do not speak slanderously of a servant to his master,

Lest he should curse you,

And you incur guilt.

his master: the ketiv uses the singular form of master; the qeré the plural (of majesty).
Prov 30:11 ‫דּ֭וֹר אָבִ֣יו יְקַלֵּ֑ל וְאֶת־אִ֝מּ֗וֹ לֹ֣א יְבָרֵֽךְ׃‬

A generation curses their father

And does not bless their mother.

their (2x)its.
Prov 30:12 ‫דּ֭וֹר טָה֣וֹר בְּעֵינָ֑יו וּ֝מִצֹּאָת֗וֹ לֹ֣א רֻחָֽץ׃‬

A generation is pure in its own eyes,

But it is not washed clean of its excrement.

but: adversative use of the vav.
Prov 30:13 ‫דּ֭וֹר מָה־רָמ֣וּ עֵינָ֑יו וְ֝עַפְעַפָּ֗יו יִנָּשֵֽׂאוּ׃‬

How a generation's eyes are haughty

And its eyelids lifted up!

Prov 30:14 ‫דּ֤וֹר ׀ חֲרָב֣וֹת שִׁנָּיו֮ וּֽמַאֲכָל֪וֹת מְֽתַלְּעֹ֫תָ֥יו לֶאֱכֹ֣ל עֲנִיִּ֣ים מֵאֶ֑רֶץ וְ֝אֶבְיוֹנִ֗ים מֵאָדָֽם׃ פ‬

– A generation whose teeth are swords

And whose incisors are knives

For devouring the poor of the land

And the needy among mankind.

of the land ← from the land.

among mankind ← from (sons of) Adam.
Prov 30:15 ‫לַֽעֲלוּקָ֨ה ׀ שְׁתֵּ֥י בָנוֹת֮ הַ֤ב ׀ הַ֥ב שָׁל֣וֹשׁ הֵ֭נָּה לֹ֣א תִשְׂבַּ֑עְנָה אַ֝רְבַּ֗ע לֹא־אָ֥מְרוּ הֽוֹן׃‬

A leech had two daughters,

Who said, “Give, give.”

When there were three of them,

They were not satisfied,

And when they were four, they did not say,

That is plenty.”

satisfied: or sufficient (for her).
Prov 30:16 ‫שְׁאוֹל֮ וְעֹ֪צֶ֫ר רָ֥חַם אֶ֭רֶץ לֹא־שָׂ֣בְעָה מַּ֑יִם וְ֝אֵ֗שׁ לֹא־אָ֥מְרָה הֽוֹן׃‬

They are the grave,

A closed womb,

Land not satisfied with water,

And a fire which does not say,

That is plenty.”

closed womb ← restraining of womb.
Prov 30:17 ‫עַ֤יִן ׀ תִּֽלְעַ֣ג לְאָב֮ וְתָב֪וּז לִֽיקֲּהַ֫ת־אֵ֥ם יִקְּר֥וּהָ עֹרְבֵי־נַ֑חַל וְֽיֹאכְל֥וּהָ בְנֵי־נָֽשֶׁר׃ פ‬

As for an eye which mocks his father

And scorns obedience to his mother,

The ravens of the brook will peck at it,

And the young of the eagle will consume it.

Prov 30:18 ‫שְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה הֵ֭מָּה נִפְלְא֣וּ מִמֶּ֑נִּי *וארבע **וְ֝אַרְבָּעָ֗ה לֹ֣א יְדַעְתִּֽים׃‬

There are three things too wonderful for me,

And four which I do not comprehend:

four: the ketiv is masculine in form; the qeré feminine, as is the word three.

comprehend ← know.
Prov 30:19 ‫דֶּ֤רֶךְ הַנֶּ֨שֶׁר ׀ בַּשָּׁמַיִם֮ דֶּ֥רֶךְ נָחָ֗שׁ עֲלֵ֫י צ֥וּר דֶּֽרֶךְ־אֳנִיָּ֥ה בְלֶב־יָ֑ם וְדֶ֖רֶךְ גֶּ֣בֶר בְּעַלְמָֽה׃‬

The way of the eagle in the sky,

The way of the serpent on a rock,

The way of a ship in the middle of the sea

And the way of a man with a maiden.

in the middle of the sea: more loosely on the high sea.
Prov 30:20 ‫כֵּ֤ן ׀ דֶּ֥רֶךְ אִשָּׁ֗ה מְנָ֫אָ֥פֶת אָ֭כְלָה וּמָ֣חֲתָה פִ֑יהָ וְ֝אָמְרָ֗ה לֹֽא־פָעַ֥לְתִּי אָֽוֶן׃ פ‬

Such is the way of an adulterous woman;

She eats and wipes her mouth,

And says,

“I haven't done anything wrong.”

Prov 30:21 ‫תַּ֣חַת שָׁ֭לוֹשׁ רָ֣גְזָה אֶ֑רֶץ וְתַ֥חַת אַ֝רְבַּ֗ע לֹא־תוּכַ֥ל שְׂאֵֽת׃‬

At three things the earth is agitated,

And four it is not able to bear:

at ← under.

four ← under four.
Prov 30:22 ‫תַּֽחַת־עֶ֭בֶד כִּ֣י יִמְל֑וֹךְ וְ֝נָבָ֗ל כִּ֣י יִֽשְׂבַּֽע־לָֽחֶם׃‬

A servant who reigns,

And a fool when he has had his fill of food,

a servant ← under / at a servant.

food ← bread, standing for food in general. See 1 Sam 28:22-24.
Prov 30:23 ‫תַּ֣חַת שְׂ֭נוּאָה כִּ֣י תִבָּעֵ֑ל וְ֝שִׁפְחָ֗ה כִּֽי־תִירַ֥שׁ גְּבִרְתָּֽהּ׃ פ‬

A detestable woman if she marries,

And a maidservant who dispossesses her mistress.

a detestable womanunder / at a detestable (woman).
Prov 30:24 ‫אַרְבָּ֣עָה הֵ֭ם קְטַנֵּי־אָ֑רֶץ וְ֝הֵ֗מָּה חֲכָמִ֥ים מְחֻכָּמִֽים׃‬

There are four creatures

Which are small on the earth,

But they are wise,

Most wise:

small on ← small of.
Prov 30:25 ‫הַ֭נְּמָלִים עַ֣ם לֹא־עָ֑ז וַיָּכִ֖ינוּ בַקַּ֣יִץ לַחְמָֽם׃‬

The ants are not a strong people,

But in summer they make provision for their food;

Prov 30:26 ‫שְׁ֭פַנִּים עַ֣ם לֹא־עָצ֑וּם וַיָּשִׂ֖ימוּ בַסֶּ֣לַע בֵּיתָֽם׃‬

The rock hyraxes which are not a powerful people,

But they make their home in a rock;

rock hyraxes: see Lev 11:5.
Prov 30:27 ‫מֶ֭לֶךְ אֵ֣ין לָאַרְבֶּ֑ה וַיֵּצֵ֖א חֹצֵ֣ץ כֻּלּֽוֹ׃‬

The locust which does not have a king,

Yet they go out in a pincer movement;

in a pincer movement ← the whole of it dividing.
Prov 30:28 ‫שְׂ֭מָמִית בְּיָדַ֣יִם תְּתַפֵּ֑שׂ וְ֝הִ֗יא בְּהֵ֣יכְלֵי מֶֽלֶךְ׃ פ‬

The lizard which holds on with its arms

And is found in royal palaces.

lizard: AV differs (spider).

royal palaces ← palaces of a king.
Prov 30:29 ‫שְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה הֵ֭מָּה מֵיטִ֣יבֵי צָ֑עַד וְ֝אַרְבָּעָ֗ה מֵיטִ֥בֵי לָֽכֶת׃‬

There are three creatures

Which are good in their motion,

And four which are good in their movement:

motion ← step.

movement ← going.
Prov 30:30 ‫לַ֭יִשׁ גִּבּ֣וֹר בַּבְּהֵמָ֑ה וְלֹא־יָ֝שׁ֗וּב מִפְּנֵי־כֹֽל׃‬

The lion is mighty among animals

– It does not back away from anything;

from ← from the face of.

anything ← everything.
Prov 30:31 ‫זַרְזִ֣יר מָתְנַ֣יִם אוֹ־תָ֑יִשׁ וּ֝מֶ֗לֶךְ אַלְק֥וּם עִמּֽוֹ׃‬

The zebra girded around the loins,

And the he-goat,

And the king against whom there is no insurrection.

zebra: AV differs (greyhound). Others, gazelle, starling.

no insurrection ← no rising with him.
Prov 30:32 ‫אִם־נָבַ֥לְתָּ בְהִתְנַשֵּׂ֑א וְאִם־זַ֝מּ֗וֹתָ יָ֣ד לְפֶֽה׃‬

If you have acted foolishly in exalting yourself,

Or if you have been devious,

Put your hand to your mouth.

in exalting: gerundial use of the infinitive.
Prov 30:33 ‫כִּ֤י מִ֪יץ חָלָ֡ב י֘וֹצִ֤יא חֶמְאָ֗ה וּֽמִיץ־אַ֭ף י֣וֹצִיא דָ֑ם וּמִ֥יץ אַ֝פַּ֗יִם י֣וֹצִיא רִֽיב׃ פ‬

For the churning of milk produces butter,

But the churning of wrath produces bloodshed,

And the churning of anger produces contention.

churning of wrath: AV differs (wringing of the nose).
Prov 31:1 ‫דִּ֭בְרֵי לְמוּאֵ֣ל מֶ֑לֶךְ מַ֝שָּׂ֗א אֲ‍ֽשֶׁר־יִסְּרַ֥תּוּ אִמּֽוֹ׃‬ The words of Lemuel the king – the burden which his mother taught him. burden: see Isa 13:1.

taught ← instructed.
Prov 31:2 ‫מַה־בְּ֭רִי וּמַֽה־בַּר־בִּטְנִ֑י וּ֝מֶה בַּר־נְדָרָֽי׃‬

What, my son?

And what, O son of my womb?

And what, O son of my vows?

what (3x): i.e. what do you know.

son (3x): an Aramaic form.
Prov 31:3 ‫אַל־תִּתֵּ֣ן לַנָּשִׁ֣ים חֵילֶ֑ךָ וּ֝דְרָכֶ֗יךָ לַֽמְח֥וֹת מְלָכִֽין׃‬

Do not give your strength to women,

Or engage on ways

Liable to wipe out kings.

ways ← your ways.

kings: in an Aramaic form.
Prov 31:4 ‫אַ֤ל לַֽמְלָכִ֨ים ׀ לְֽמוֹאֵ֗ל אַ֣ל לַֽמְלָכִ֣ים שְׁתוֹ־יָ֑יִן וּ֝לְרוֹזְנִ֗ים *או **אֵ֣י שֵׁכָֽר׃‬

It is not fitting for kings, Lemuel,

It is not fitting for kings to drink wine,

Nor for princes to drink {Q: any strong liquor} [K: strong liquor either],

The ketiv / qeré issue is a vav / yod issue.
Prov 31:5 ‫פֶּן־יִ֭שְׁתֶּה וְיִשְׁכַּ֣ח מְחֻקָּ֑ק וִֽ֝ישַׁנֶּה דִּ֣ין כָּל־בְּנֵי־עֹֽנִי׃‬

Lest he should drink and forget what is decreed,

And he subverts the justice of any of the afflicted.

he ... he: referring to a king or prince from the previous ↴

any ← all.

afflicted ← sons of affliction.
Prov 31:6 ‫תְּנוּ־שֵׁכָ֣ר לְאוֹבֵ֑ד וְ֝יַיִן לְמָ֣רֵי נָֽפֶשׁ׃‬

Give strong liquor to him who is perishing,

And wine to the inwardly bitter.

↳ verse. A change of grammatical number (not uncommon in Hebrew).

inwardly bitter ← bitter of soul.
Prov 31:7 ‫יִ֭שְׁתֶּה וְיִשְׁכַּ֣ח רִישׁ֑וֹ וַ֝עֲמָל֗וֹ לֹ֣א יִזְכָּר־עֽוֹד׃‬

Let him drink and forget his poverty,

And no longer remember his sorrow.

Prov 31:8 ‫פְּתַח־פִּ֥יךָ לְאִלֵּ֑ם אֶל־דִּ֝֗ין כָּל־בְּנֵ֥י חֲלֽוֹף׃‬

Open your mouth to the mute

And for the justice of all those passing away.

those passing away ← sons of a passing away.
Prov 31:9 ‫פְּתַח־פִּ֥יךָ שְׁפָט־צֶ֑דֶק וְ֝דִ֗ין עָנִ֥י וְאֶבְיֽוֹן׃ פ‬

Open your mouth,

Judge righteously,

And defend the poor and needy.

Prov 31:10 ‫אֵֽשֶׁת־חַ֭יִל מִ֣י יִמְצָ֑א וְרָחֹ֖ק מִפְּנִינִ֣ים מִכְרָֽהּ׃‬

Who can find a virtuous wife,

Whose value is far above red corals?

virtuous wife ← wife of virtue, a Hebraic genitive.

red corals: or pearls, but see Lam 4:7.
Prov 31:11 ‫בָּ֣טַח בָּ֭הּ לֵ֣ב בַּעְלָ֑הּ וְ֝שָׁלָ֗ל לֹ֣א יֶחְסָֽר׃‬

Her husband's heart will put trust in her,

And gain will not be lacking.

gain will not be lacking: AV differs (he shall have no need of spoil).
Prov 31:12 ‫גְּמָלַ֣תְהוּ ט֣וֹב וְלֹא־רָ֑ע כֹּ֝֗ל יְמֵ֣י חַיֶּֽיה׃‬

She will bestow good on him, and not evil,

All the days of her life.

Prov 31:13 ‫דָּ֭רְשָׁה צֶ֣מֶר וּפִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַ֝תַּ֗עַשׂ בְּחֵ֣פֶץ כַּפֶּֽיהָ׃‬

She asks for wool and flax,

And works with her hands with pleasure.

Prov 31:14 ‫הָ֭יְתָה כָּאֳנִיּ֣וֹת סוֹחֵ֑ר מִ֝מֶּרְחָ֗ק תָּבִ֥יא לַחְמָֽהּ׃‬

She is like a merchant's ships;

She brings her food in from a long way off.

Prov 31:15 ‫וַתָּ֤קָם ׀ בְּע֬וֹד לַ֗יְלָה וַתִּתֵּ֣ן טֶ֣רֶף לְבֵיתָ֑הּ וְ֝חֹ֗ק לְנַעֲרֹתֶֽיהָ׃‬

And she arises while it is still night

And gives food to her household

And instructions to her maidservants.

instructions ← a statute.
Prov 31:16 ‫זָמְמָ֣ה שָׂ֭דֶה וַתִּקָּחֵ֑הוּ מִפְּרִ֥י כַ֝פֶּ֗יהָ *נטע **נָ֣טְעָה כָּֽרֶם׃‬

She considers a field

And acquires it;

By the fruitful work of her hands

{K: A vineyard is planted} [Q: she plants a vineyard].

is planted (ketiv): we take it as niphal, as in Isa 40:24.
Prov 31:17 ‫חָֽגְרָ֣ה בְע֣וֹז מָתְנֶ֑יהָ וַ֝תְּאַמֵּ֗ץ זְרֹעוֹתֶֽיהָ׃‬

She girds her loins with strength

And puts energy into her arms.

Prov 31:18 ‫טָ֭עֲמָה כִּי־ט֣וֹב סַחְרָ֑הּ לֹֽא־יִכְבֶּ֖ה *בליל **בַלַּ֣יְלָה נֵרָֽהּ׃‬

She verifies that her merchandise is good,

And her lamp does not go out at night.

night: the ketiv and qeré are similar words with the same meaning.

verifies ← tastes, discerns.
Prov 31:19 ‫יָ֭דֶיהָ שִׁלְּחָ֣ה בַכִּישׁ֑וֹר וְ֝כַפֶּ֗יהָ תָּ֣מְכוּ פָֽלֶךְ׃‬

She applies her arm to the distaff,

And her hand holds the spindle.

distaff: i.e. the rod on which wool is wound prior to spinning. AV differs, exchanging distaff and spindle.
Prov 31:20 ‫כַּ֭פָּהּ פָּרְשָׂ֣ה לֶעָנִ֑י וְ֝יָדֶ֗יהָ שִׁלְּחָ֥ה לָֽאֶבְיֽוֹן׃‬

Her hand distributes to the poor,

And she extends her arms to the needy.

Prov 31:21 ‫לֹא־תִירָ֣א לְבֵיתָ֣הּ מִשָּׁ֑לֶג כִּ֥י כָל־בֵּ֝יתָ֗הּ לָבֻ֥שׁ שָׁנִֽים׃‬

She does not fear snow in her house,

For all her household are clothed in scarlet.

scarlet: [CB]= double change of garments, from a root meaning two. In any case, warm clothes.
Prov 31:22 ‫מַרְבַדִּ֥ים עָֽשְׂתָה־לָּ֑הּ שֵׁ֖שׁ וְאַרְגָּמָ֣ן לְבוּשָֽׁהּ׃‬

She makes herself drapery;

Fine linen and purple are her attire.

Prov 31:23 ‫נוֹדָ֣ע בַּשְּׁעָרִ֣ים בַּעְלָ֑הּ בְּ֝שִׁבְתּ֗וֹ עִם־זִקְנֵי־אָֽרֶץ׃‬

Her husband is known at the gates

When he sits with the elders of the land.

Prov 31:24 ‫סָדִ֣ין עָ֭שְׂתָה וַתִּמְכֹּ֑ר וַ֝חֲג֗וֹר נָתְנָ֥ה לַֽכְּנַעֲנִֽי׃‬

She makes linen and sells it,

And she supplies the merchant with girdles.

girdles ← a girdle.
Prov 31:25 ‫עֹז־וְהָדָ֥ר לְבוּשָׁ֑הּ וַ֝תִּשְׂחַ֗ק לְי֣וֹם אַחֲרֽוֹן׃‬

Strength and dignity are her attire,

And she will laugh on the last day.

Prov 31:26 ‫פִּ֭יהָ פָּתְחָ֣ה בְחָכְמָ֑ה וְתֽוֹרַת־חֶ֝֗סֶד עַל־לְשׁוֹנָֽהּ׃‬

She opens her mouth with wisdom,

And the law of kindness is on her tongue.

Prov 31:27 ‫צ֭וֹפִיָּה הֲלִיכ֣וֹת בֵּיתָ֑הּ וְלֶ֥חֶם עַ֝צְל֗וּת לֹ֣א תֹאכֵֽל׃‬

She watches the proceedings of her household closely,

And she does not eat the bread of laziness.

Prov 31:28 ‫קָ֣מוּ בָ֭נֶיהָ וַֽיְאַשְּׁר֑וּהָ בַּ֝עְלָ֗הּ וַֽיְהַֽלְלָהּ׃‬

Her sons arise and call her blessed,

As does her husband,

And he praises her.

blessed: we normally translate happy to distinguish from מְבֹרָךְ.
Prov 31:29 ‫רַבּ֣וֹת בָּ֭נוֹת עָ֣שׂוּ חָ֑יִל וְ֝אַ֗תְּ עָלִ֥ית עַל־כֻּלָּֽנָה׃‬

Many daughters have conducted themselves virtuously,

But you have surpassed them all.

conducted themselves virtuously ← done virtue.
Prov 31:30 ‫שֶׁ֣קֶר הַ֭חֵן וְהֶ֣בֶל הַיֹּ֑פִי אִשָּׁ֥ה יִרְאַת־יְ֝הוָ֗ה הִ֣יא תִתְהַלָּֽל׃‬

Elegance is a delusion,

And beauty is a vain thing,

But it is a woman who fears the Lord

Who will be praised.

delusion ← lie.

a woman who fears ... who: from the adjective יָרֵא. Alternatively, fear of ... which, from the noun יִרְאָה.
Prov 31:31 ‫תְּנוּ־לָ֭הּ מִפְּרִ֣י יָדֶ֑יהָ וִֽיהַלְל֖וּהָ בַשְּׁעָרִ֣ים מַעֲשֶֽׂיהָ׃‬

Give her the fruit of her hands,

And may her deeds occasion her praise at the gates.